• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.437-447
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• 2023

By actively adopting technologies from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the port industry is trending toward new types of ports, such as automated and smart ports. However, behind the development of these ports, there is an increasing risk of cyber security incidents and threats within ports and container terminals, including information leakage through cargo handling equipment and ransomware attacks leading to disruptions in terminal operations. Despite the necessity of research to enhance cyber security within ports, there is a lack of such studies in the domestic context. This study focuses on Busan Port, a representative port in South Korea that actively incorporates technology from the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in order to discover variables for improving cyber security in container terminals. The research results categorized factors for enhancing cyber security in Busan Port's container terminals into network construction and policy support, standardization of education and personnel training, and legal and regulatory factors. Subsequently, multiple regression analysis was conducted based on these factors, leading to the identification of detailed factors for securing and enhancing safety, reliability, performance, and satisfaction in Busan Port's container terminals. The significance of this study lies in providing direction for enhancing cyber security in Busan Port's container terminals and addressing the increasing incidents of cyber security attacks within ports and container terminals.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.289-309
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• 2011

The ports have been confronted with rapid environmental changes. This means that it is imperative to enhance the competitiveness by resolving the chronic and difficult problems regarding Busan New Port. This paper, hence, suggests how to activate the hinterland of the New Port. The New Port was designed to become a leading logistics port in Northeast Asia and its economic ripple effect was expected to be much greater with the construction of New Port Hinterland. The government should also seek to supply the sufficient land as well as establish port clusters with various port-related industries, which enables the New Port to survive the forthcoming harsh environmental changes and meet the diverse demands. Those measures also enable the New Port to overcome the deterioration of the competitiveness and enjoy the economies of scale. The cluster-based hinterland policy framework is sure to be very efficient but should be complemented with infrastructure policies for the better policy-mix.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.295-303
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• 2017

In this paper, we analyze the trends of the international shipping market and the domestic and foreign factors of the crisis of the domestic shipping market, and identify the characteristics of the recovery of the Busan New Port trade volume which has decreased since the crisis of the domestic shipping market We quantitatively analyzed the future volume of Busan New Port and analyzed the trends of the prediction and recovery trends. As a result of analyzing Busan New Port container cargo volume by using big data analysis tool R, the variation of Busan New Cargo container cargo volume was estimated by ARIMA model (1,0,1) (1,0,1)[12] Estimation error, AICc and BIC were the most optimal ARIMA models. Therefore, we estimated the estimated value of Busan New Port trade for 36 months by using ARIMA (1, 0, 1)[12], which is the optimal model of Busan New Port trade, and estimated 13,157,184 TEU, 13,418,123 TEU, 13,539,884 TEU, and 4,526,406 TEU, respectively, indicating that it increased by about 2%, 2%, and 1%.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.493-501
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• 2010

In the central Busan area from Haeundae to Saha, fishing villages are vanished actually in the progress of urbanization, and 17 fishing ports surrounded by urbanized area are left alone and isolated. But, we think these urbanized fishing ports are the very resource which grant the identity as the marine city and they have considerable potentials to enhance the value of neighboring community depending on the proper development of it. In this study, we defined the fishing ports in central Busan area as the representatives of 'urban fishing port', and tried to find the way of coexistence and harmony between 'city' and 'fishing port'. For this purpose, we investigated the fishery potentials, physical environments and development demands of 17 fishing ports in central Busan area, and composed opinions from fishing communities and neighboring inhabitants to set up the long term directions of urban fishing ports development for harmonious coexistence of city and fishing port.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1991.06a
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• pp.45-48
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• 1991

This work aims to introduce the concept of microcomputer aided port design simulation methodology including the analysis of the mathematical models to be implemented and apply it to the Third Stage Busan Part Development Project. In the Busan case study the size of the proposed turning basin of the new terminal together with the operational stra-tegies of berthing and unberthing was examined In addition the safety of ships' entry and exit through the projection new breakwaters was as-certained. From the application of simulation to the Busan project it was found that the proposed dredging area was not sufficiently wide enough for a modelled container ship to perform A type unberthing (in which the ship turns to port as she monoeuvres away from No.1 berth with the ass-istance of tuges) especially in a strong easterly wind., It is therefore recommended that Busan pilots should be advised to use B type unberthing strategy in which the ship goes astern from No.1 berth to the turning area in front of No.2 berth(where the ship turns 180 degrees clockwise) especially when the wind is very strong. It is also recommended that a sea buoy be placed outside the new breakwaters as this was found to im-prove the safety of ship manoeuvres through the breakwaters significant-ly. Another recommendation is that the Korean Hydrodynamic Office carry out a detailed survey of the currents in the water area near the new breakwaters. once they have been constructed. In addition it is to be recommended that a current meter be placed at the recommended sea buoy pardised by erroneous current information

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.5 s.121
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• pp.377-383
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• 2007

The number of calling ports has been decreased and the degree of inter- and intra-port competition has been increased, which is caused by the market trends that shipping liners have and operate their own terminals, strategic M & A frequency occurs among shipping liners, and container vessel size is increasing. The trends also cause shipping liners to change the evaluation factors for decision to call a particular port such as port preference, potential for growth, port competitiveness, etc. Since the decision of liners greatly influences the policies for port and terminal development, it is worth having interest in the evaluation factors. Therefore, this work intended to evaluate 8 major ports (Port of Singapore, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Busan, Rotterdam, Kaoshing, and Tokyo) with regard to liners' evaluation factors (calling port preference, potential for growth and port competitiveness) and to classify ports by similarity of evaluation factors with the methodologies of ANOVA analysis and Duncan test. The result shows implication for liners' viewpoint to evaluate major ports in the world.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.89-94
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• 2009

This study aims to examine the the characteristics if the sea water circulation in related to the change of the water exchange rate according to the the development phases of Busan Port. To clarify the characteristics, the water exchange caused by construction if new-port and river discharge conditions was examined by the numerical experiments using the Lagrangian particle tracking model based on 2-D shallow water equation. This study deals with the charge of flow field and water exchange after redevelopment using numerical simulation technique, based on the field observation and 4 rivers discharge flow. As a result if numerical simulation, Variation if current velocity in Busan North Port is almost nothing before and after construction. Water exchange of channel in area of redevelopment is a little. Futhermore, the tidal exchange had a tendency to be small both before and after redevelopment by 60%.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.75-91
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• 2015

This study aims to assess the competitiveness of 30 logistics centers that operate in the hinterland of the North Container Port at Busan New Port. Thirty-two key factors were selected from previous studies to analyze and improve competitiveness and expand business opportunities in the hinterland. Suggestions from logistics experts were also canvassed. These variables were then put through first- and second-factor analysis to verify validity and measure confidence levels; they were later categorized into five factors and 15 sub-factors impacting on competitiveness. The categorized factors were compared using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to assess the importance of each factor and sub-factor in the case of logistics centers in the North Container hinterland of Busan New Port. The findings indicate that factors related to the securing of significant amounts of container cargoes were of greater importance. On the other hand, relatively basic factors proved to be less important in improving the competitiveness of the port hinterland.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 2004

Recognizing that the main container ports' status is gradually inclining, the Japanese government is driving forward the super hub port project. This project has three goals, unifying Japanese ports separating nationally, diminishing the port costs by 30 percents less than the current port costs of their competitors, and cutting down the lead time of processing import-export freight into 24 hours, Singaporean level. The project will work to some extent, if succeeding, but the effect is doubtful if it will be the fundamental solution of Japanese ports' crisis. I wrote this paper since I thought that this Japanese policy would serve as a good reference of Korea, which had two container ports system and its prospect was not good through the fact that the Busan ports' rank of dealing with containers fell down to the fifth in 2003.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.24-25
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• 2022

Based on the case of Busan Port November anchorage, which is a group anchorage, related regulations to promote group anchorage safety management, the turning radius of anchored ship, and more accurate weather information collection and safety through improvement of the supporting system for VTS operations to apply the anchorage location in accordance with reality that it is a suggestion for management improvement methods.