• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2005

Mass selection (MS) is an efficient selection method to directly improve highly heritable traits. In the present study, two cycles of MS for ear length were conducted on two sweet corn populations, BC2-l0 and $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ after introgression of exotic germplasm. The improved populations generated from these selections were evaluated in comparison with the base populations at two locations, to determine the genetic gains and performance of the improved populations. The two base populations showed varied average realized responses to MS. In BC2-l0 derived population, the realized responses were $9.1\%$ in BC2-l0 C1 and $1.2\%$ in BC2-l0 C2, whereas in$BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ derived population, the realized responses were$ 5.6\%$ in $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ C1 and $2.9\%$ in $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ C2. All the improved populations showed longer ears than their respective base populations and the check varieties. Ear length, which was used as the selection criterion in this study, showed high broad-sense heritability in the BC2-l0 and $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ derived populations, while fresh ear yield revealed low heritability, indicating that selection for ear length in these populations would be more effective than direct selection for yield. Results of this study indicate that MS conducted on BC2­10 and $BC1-10{\times}Syn-II$ had significantly increased ear length and fresh ear yield in both populations. The improved populations obtained would serve as better germplasm sources and further selection in these populations could offer better responses.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.117-134
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• 1994

대구직할시 남구 1 개동 주민을 대상으로 도시 지역의료보험 실시 전후(이하 실시 전후)의 의료 이용양상을 파악하기 위하여 실시 6개월 전인 1989년 1월에 1차조사를 하였고, 실시 1년 6개월 후인 1991년 1월에 2차조사를 하였다. 1차조사의 대상자는 1,230가구 4,939명이 었으나, 2차추적조사가 가능했던 인구는 519가구 2,277명 (추적률:46.1%)이었다. 2차조사까지 추적이 가능했던 2,277명 중 1차 조사시 보험에 가입되지 않았던 240가구 1,033명을 코호트 I군(이하 I군)으로 하였고, 1차조사시 보험에 가입되었던 279가구 1,244명을 코흐트 II군(이하 II군)으로 구분하여 조사자료를 분석하였다. 인구 1,000명당 급성이환으로 인한 의사방문율의 변화는 실시 후에 I군에서 16.5 증가한 반면, II에서는 2.4만 증가하였으며, 만성이환에서도 I군이 13.5 증가하였으나 II군은 7.2만 증가하였다. 이환 및 활동제한 의료필요 충족률도 I군에서 실시 후 뚜렷히 증가하였다. 월가구소득별 급성이환에 의한 의료필요충족률은 I군에서 40만원미만군이 1.6으로 $40{\sim}99$만원군의 4.0과 100만원이상군의 49.3에 비해 월등히 낮았다. 이러한 소견은 나머지 조사대상군과 만성이환에서도 동일하였다. 급성과 만성이환자의 병원이용 이유는 유용성, 의원의 경우는 지리적 접근성이 실시전후모두에서 가장 많았고 약국이용 이유 중 실시 전에는 접근성과 의료비지불성이 중요하였으나, 실시 후에는 의료비지불성의 중요성은 상대적으로 감소하였다. 최근 15일간 의사방문여부를 종속변수로한 multiple logistic regression analysis에서 급성이환(+), 만성이환(+) 그리고 월가구소득(+)이 실시전후 모두에서 유의한 변수였다. 실시 후 부과된 보험료에 대한 불만족률이 두군 모두 지역의료보험 가입자에서 각각 81.0%와 74.1%로 타 의료보험가입자에 비해 월등히 높았다. 실시 후 병원과 의원의 의료비와 서어비스에 불만족스럽다고 응답한 사람이 I군에 비해 II군에서 더 많았다. 이상의 소견으로 의료보험이 실시됨으로 미충족의료수요를 감소시키는 효과를 가져왔으나 실시 후에도 저소득층의 의료이용률이 고소득층에 비해 여전히 낮아 의료보험실시로 경제적 장애가 감소하였음에도 불구하고 본인부담금 등으로 인한 경제적 장애와 의료기관을 방문하는데 소요되는 시간, 대기시간 등 의료이용을 저해하는 요인이 남아있어 의료이용의 형평이 사회계층들간에 완전히 이루어지지는 않았다. 특히 만성이환의 경우, 불균형이 심하였다. 또한, 부과된보험료에 대한 불만족도가 높아 현행 보험료선정기준의 재평가 및 공정성을 향상시킬 필요성이 제기되었다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.1-31
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• 2007

한 중 일 3국은 순차적으로 경제발전을 이룩하는 한편 세계적으로 유례없이 급속한 인구 변천과정을 겪고 있다. 출산율 및 사망율의 저하는 인구의 고령화로 귀결되는데 이들 3국은 노인인구의 증가, 구조적 관성, 비노인인구의 감소 등에 따라 향후 반세기이내에 지구상에서 가장 고령화된 나라가 될 전망이다. 본 연구는 한 중 일 3국의 경우 인구의 고령화에 따른 유효(나이별 소비율의 차이를 고려한)부양부담이 어떻게 변동하고 있으며 이 경로는 유효부양부담을 최소화하는 적정인구경로에서 얼마나 떨어져 있는가를 논하고 있다. 그리고 인구정책을 출산장려정책으로 전환하고 그 결과 출산율이 정지인구수준으로 당장 회복된다고 할 때 인구부양구조는 장기적으로 어떻게 변할 것인지를 논하고, 그 대안 혹은 보완책으로 유효부양부담과 관련된 여타 파라메타의 값에 변화를 줄 수 있는 정책은 얼마나 효과가 있을지를 논하고 있다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly associated with cervical cancer. So, the modification of the risk factors of HPV infection is essential for prevention of cervical cancer. This study was performed to evaluate the risk factors of HPV infection. Methods: HPV test of 12,337 study population conducted using Hybrid-Capture II assay(HC-II) and self-administered questionnaires were collected. The study population was people who visited hospital-based medical screening center from January to December 2007 and all were female employees or employees' partner. Results: In logistic regression analysis, smoking and alcohol drinking were significant factors, with odds ratios of 1.328 (95% CI 1.010~1.746) and 1.644 (95% CI 1.309~2.066), respectively. Nutritional supplements was also significant factor, which odds ratio was 1.161 (95% CI 1.004~1.343). Oral contraceptives was positive association with HPV infection (odds ratio 2.108; 95% CI 1.217~3.652), whereas condom was negative association (odds ratio 0.851; 95% CI 0.740~0.979). Conclusion: HPV Prevalence of 12,377 study population was 11.4%. Smoking, alcohol drinking, nutritional supplements and oral contraceptives were possible risk factors of HPV infection, and condom had possible preventive effect on HPV infection. Further prospective and comprehensive studies about HPV risk factors are required.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 추계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.210-215
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• 2008

As the rapid and various changing of social aspects, the structures are getting bigger, higher and more complex. The importance of evacuation is on the rise as increased using frequency of multiplex area and it's high population density. According to the result of a survey with 2 domestic multiplex population density, the maximum was 0.43(人/$m^2$) and 0.51(人/$m^2$). considering evacuation dangerousness, the maximum value will be suitable for computation of evacuation capacity and this will be submitted as a basic data for computation of evacuation capacity.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제4권
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• pp.65-74
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• 1993

Suppose that we have two populations(or systems), say ${\Pi}_{1}\;and\;{\Pi}_{2}$, to be tested. A random sample of size n from each population is taken and the test for each system will be terminated when the first r failures among n random samples are observed. This kind of test is caned the type-II censored (or item-censored) testing without replacement. Under this scheme we consider the problem of estimating the unknown parameters of interests and the reliability for a given time t for each population.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.422-427
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• 1999

We are proposed for the computation of disease frequency measures and of their associated variances from data collected through prospective study of multiple dynamic cohort (herds) with a National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) in Gyeongnam. We can be estimated and calculated the annual incidence density for a group of herds and the 1-month risk of disease from the same within herd measure of monthly incidence density. We are proposed that the choice of measure to be estimated depend on the intended use of the information. From results in this study, Our study demonstrate that risk estimates are appropriates for producers and clinic veterinarian making decisions at the animal or herd level. Incidence density measures are appropriate for extrapolation to reference populations used for state and regional-level decision making.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2002

Essential hypertension is considered to be caused by a complicated combination of genetic and environmental factors. Alterations of lipid metabolism in plasma have been reported to be related to an increased risk of essential hypertension. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between two genetic polymorphisms (Pvu II and Hind III RELPs) of the human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene and essential hypertension in korean population. In our result the Pvu II RFLP of LPL gene was significantly associated with essential hypertension (P < 0.05). Therefore, we suggest that the Pvu II RFLP of LPL gene may be useful as a genetic marker for essential hypertension in Korean population.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2016

Background: Parametric statistical procedures are typically conducted under the condition in which a sample distribution is statistically identical with its population. In reality, investigators use inferential statistics to estimate parameters based on the sample drawn because population distributions are unknown. The uncertainty of limited data from the sample such as lack of sample size may be a challenge in most rehabilitation studies. Objects: The purpose of this study is to review the bootstrapping method to overcome shortcomings of limited sample size in rehabilitation studies. Methods: Articles were reviewed. Results: Bootstrapping method is a statistical procedure that permits the iterative re-sampling with replacement from a sample when the population distribution is unknown. This statistical procedure is to enhance the representativeness of the population being studied and to determine estimates of the parameters when sample size are too limited to generalize the study outcome to target population. The bootstrapping method would overcome limitations such as type II error resulting from small sample sizes. An application on a typical data of a study represented how to deal with challenges of estimating a parameter from small sample size and enhance the uncertainty with optimal confidence intervals and levels. Conclusion: Bootstrapping method may be an effective statistical procedure reducing the standard error of population parameters under the condition requiring both acceptable confidence intervals and confidence level (i.e., p=.05).

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2018

The author carried out PCR-based genetic platform to investigate the hierarchical polar dendrogram of Euclidean genetic distances of one bastard halibut population, particularly for Paralichthys olivaceus, which was further connected with those of the other fish population, by involving with the precisely designed oligonucleotide primer sets. Eight oligonucleotides primers were used generating excessively alterating fragments, ranging in size of DNA bands from larger than approximately 100 bp to less than 2,000 bp. As regards average bandsharing value (BS) results, individuals from Hampyeong population (0.810) displayed lower bandsharing values than did individuals from Wando population (0.877). The genetic distance between individuals approved the existence of close relationship in the cluster II. Relatively, individuals of one bastard halibut population were fairly related to that of the other fish population, as shown in the polar hierarchical dendrogram of Euclidean genetic distances. The points of a noteworthy genetic distance between two P. olivaceus populations demonstrated this PCR procedure is one of the quite a few means for individuals and/or populations biological DNA investigates, for species security and proliferation of bastard halibut individuals in coastal region of the Korea.