• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.693-702
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and distance of the Korean native black goat line. Thus far, this Korean native black goat line has not been studied intensively, especially in genetic diversity and relationship studies in comparison with other breeds. In total, eleven microsatellite (MS) markers were used to evaluate alleles from 391 Korean native black goats and foreign hybrid animals. The genetic diversity index was evaluated based on the allele distributions. Four Korean native black goat lines showed expected ranges of observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content (PIC) values for use in genetic diversity research (0.509 - 0.643, 0.434 - 0.623 and 0.356 - 0.567). Lines from the Korean native black goat and foreign hybrid were clearly separated according to principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), phylogenetic tree and tended to be clustered in each Korean native black goat line. Thus, this study can be used for analyzing the genetic relationships between Korean native black goats and foreign breeds for line preservation and for fundamental information to determine breed improvement strategies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.888-901
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• 2020

Objective: A set of microsatellite markers with high polymorphism from Tsaiya duck were used for the genetic monitoring and genetic structure analysis of Brown and White Tsaiya duck populations in Taiwan. Methods: The synthetic short tandem repeated probes were used to isolate new microsatellite markers from the genomic DNA of Tsaiya ducks. Eight populations, a total of 566 samples, sourced from Ilan Branch, Livestock Research Institute were genotyped through novel and known markers. The population genetic variables were calculated using optional programs in order to describe and monitor the genetic variability and the genetic structures of these Tsaiya duck populations. Results: In total 24 primer pairs, including 17 novel microsatellite loci from this study and seven previously known loci, were constructed for the detection of genetic variations in duck populations. The average values for the allele number, the effective number of alleles, the observed heterozygosity, the expected heterozygosity, and the polymorphism information content were 11.29, 5.370, 0.591, 0.746, and 0.708, respectively. The results of analysis of molecular variance and principal component analysis indicated a contracting Brown Tsaiya duck cluster and a spreading White Tsaiya duck cluster. The Brown Tsaiya ducks and the White Tsaiya ducks with Pekin ducks were just split to six clusters and three clusters when K was set equal to 6 and 3 in the Bayesian cluster analysis. The individual phylogenetic tree revealed eight taxa, and each individual was assigned to its own population. Conclusion: According to our study, the 24 novel microsatellite markers exhibited a high capacity to analyze relationships of inter- and intra-population in those populations with a relatively limited degree of genetic diversity. We suggest that duck farms in Taiwan could use the new (novel) microsatellite set to monitor the genetic characteristics and structures of their Tsaiya duck populations at various intervals in order to ensure quality breeding and conservation strategies.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.737-750
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• 2015

This study was carried out to construct a DNA profile database for 102 watermelon cultivars through the comparison of polymorphism level and genetic relatedness using genomic microsatellite (gMS) and expressed sequence tag (EST)-microsatellite (eMS) markers. Sixteen gMS and 10 eMS primers showed hyper-variability and were able to represent the genetic variation within 102 watermelon cultivars. With gMS markers, an average of 3.63 alleles per marker were detected with a polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.479, whereas with eMS markers, the average number of alleles per marker was 2.50 and the PIC value was 0.425, indicating that eMS detects a lower polymorphism level compared to gMS. Cluster analysis and Jaccard's genetic distance coefficients using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) based on the gMS, eMS, and combined data sets showed that 102 commercial watermelon cultivars could be categorized into 6 to 8 major groups corresponding to phenotypic traits. Moreover, this method was sufficient to identify 78 out of 102 cultivars. Correlation analysis with Mantel tests for those clusters using 3 data sets showed high correlation ($r{\geq}0.80$). Therefore, the microsatellite markers used in this study may serve as a useful tool for germplasm evaluation, genetic purity assessment, and fingerprinting of watermelon cultivars.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.379-383
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• 2002

Allelic diversity of 44 microsatellite marker loci originated from the coding regions of specific genes or the non-coding regions of barley genome was analyzed for 19 barley genotypes. Multi-allelic variation was observed at the most of marker loci except for HVM13, HVM15, HVM22, and HVM64. The number of different alleles ranged from 2 to 12 with a mean of 4.0 alleles per micro-satellite. Twenty-one alleles derived from 10 marker loci are specific for certain genotypes. The level of polymorphism (Polymorphic Information Content, PIC) based on the band pattern frequencies among genotypes was relatively high at the several loci such as HVM3, HVM5, HVM14, HVM36, HVM62 and HVM67. In the cluster analysis using genetic similarity matrix calculated from microsatellite-derived DNA profiles, two major groups were classified and the spike-row type was a major factor for clustering. Correlation between genetic similarity matrices based on microsatellite markers and pedigree data was highly significant ($r=0.57^{**}$), but these two parameters were moderately associated each other. On the other hand, RAPD-based genetic similarity matrix was more highly associated with microsatellite-based genetic similarity ($r=0.63^{**}$) than coefficient of parentage.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.431-434
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• 2014

Cytogenetic analysis was conducted to obtain basic information for chromosome manipulation of starry flounder Platichthys stellatus. Nuclear surface area and volume of erythrocyte were $7.60{\pm}0.93{\mu}m^2$ and $12.80{\pm}1.75{\mu}m^3$, respectively. The haploid DNA content of the species was 0.66 pg/haploid cell which correspond to 93% of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. A karyotype analysis was also carried out with the species using conventional staining and Ag-NOR banding techniques. It was consisted of 48 acrocentric chromosomes and inter-sex or intra-individual polymorphism was not detected in all specimens analyzed. The NOR regions, appearing a terminal position of the short arm of the smallest acrocentric pairs.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.395-402
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• 2000

The D165539 locus was investigated to collect population genetic data in the Korean population. The selected subject was unrelated 293 Korean people. DNA was extracted from the samples and PCR was performed with fluorescent primer. The amplified fragment was analysed by automated DNA sequencer and it's application software. Among the Korean population, 7 allele and 18 geneotype were observed and allele No. 9 is mostly frequent(0.2679) and then allele No. 11(0.2679), allele No. 9(0.2645). The observed heterozygosity and the expected heterozygosity is 0.7466, 0.7829 each. The polymorphism information content(PIC) is 0.7466. The power of discrimination(PD) and the mean exclusion chance(MEC) are calculated to be 0.9190 and 0.5775.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.461-465
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• 2002

Nine microsatellite loci were analyzed in 84 random individuals to characterize the genetic variability of three domestic goat breeds found in Korea and China: Korean goat, Chinese goat and Saanen. Allele diversity, heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, F-statistics, indirect estimates of gene flow (Nm) and Nei's standard distances were calculated. Based on the expected mean heterozygosity, the lowest genetic diversity was exhibited in Korean goat ($H_E$=0.381), and the highest in Chinese goat ($H_E$=0.669). After corrections for multiple significance tests, deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were statistically significant over all populations and loci, reflecting the deficiencies of heterozygotes (global $F_{IS}$=0.053). Based on pairwise FST and Nm between different breeds, there was a great genetic differentiation between Korean goat and the other two breeds, indicating that these breeds have been genetically subdivided. Similarly, individual clustering based on the proportion of shared alleles showed that Korean goat individuals formed a single cluster separated from the other two goat breeds.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.357-362
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• 2007

Nine brand populations of Hanwoo cattle were characterized using 11 microsatellite DNA markers. The studied populations were: Ansung, Yangpyang, DaeGwanryeng, Palkongsangkangwoo, Hoengseong, Jangsu, Sumjinkang, Hadong, Nam-hae. The observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content were calculated. Allele frequencies were calculated and used for the characterization of each brand population and to study their genetic relationships. Genetic distances were estimated using Nei's DA genetic distance and the resultant DA matrix was used in the construction of phylogenetic trees. The NJ tree showed that Ansung and Yangpyang, Sumjinkang and Jangsu, Namhae and Ha-Dong are closely related and are considered to have undergone genetic exchange within the same locale. This study will contribute to the local Hanwoo brand industry.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1783-1790
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• 2007

The genetic diversity of domestic quail and two wild quail species, Japanese （Coturnix coturnix）and Common quail (Coturnix japonica), found in China was studied using microsatellite DNA markers. According to a comparison of the corresponding genetic indices in the three quail populations, such as Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), Mean Heterozygosity ($\bar{H}$) and Fixation Index, wild Common quail possessed rich genetic diversity with 4.67 alleles per site. Its values for PIC and $\bar{H}$ were the highest, 0.5732 and 0.6621, respectively. Domestic quail had the lowest values, 0.5467 and 0.5933, respectively. Wild Japanese quail had little difference in genetic diversity from domestic quail. In addition, from analyses of the fuzzy cluster based on standard genetic distance, the similarity relationship matrix coefficient between wild Japanese quail and domestic quail was 0.937, and that between wild Common quail and domestic quail was 0.783. All of these results showed that the wild Japanese quail were closer to the domestic quail for phylogenetic relationship than wild Common quail. These results at the molecular level provide useful data about quail's genetic background and further supported the hypothesis that the domestic quail originated from the wild Japanese quail.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.441-444
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• 2004

The genetic diversities and relationships of 10 Chinese indigenous pig breeds and three exotic pig breeds have been evaluated using 26 microsatellites recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization & the International Society of Animal Genetics (FAO-ISAG). The allele frequencies, genetic heterozygosity (H) and polymorphism information content (PIC) have been calculated. The results showed that genetic diversity of Chinese indigenous pig breeds is higher than that of the introduced pig breeds. The clustering of 10 breeds is generally consistent with their geographical distribution.