• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.362-369
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• 2013

Agastache rugosa, a member of the mint family (Labiatae), is a perennial herb widely distributed in East Asian countries. It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cholera, vomiting, and miasma. This study assessed the genetic diversity and population structures on 65 accessions of Korean mint A. rugosa germplasm based on inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The selected nine ISSR primers produced reproducible polymorphic banding patterns. In total, 126 bands were scored; 119 (94.4%) were polymorphic. The number of bands generated per primer varied from 7 to 18. A minimum of seven bands was generated by primer 874, while a maximum of 18 bands was generated by the primer 844. Six primers (815, 826, 835, 844, 868, and 874) generated 100% polymorphic bands. This was supported by other parameters such as total gene diversity ($H_T$) values, which ranged from 0.112 to 0.330 with a mean of 0.218. The effective number of alleles ($N_E$) ranged from 1.174 to 1.486 with a mean value of 1.351. Nei's genetic diversity (H) mean value was 0.218, and Shannon's information index (I) mean value was 0.343. The high values for total gene diversity, effective number of alleles, Nei's genetic diversity, and Shannon's information index indicated substantial variations within the population. Cluster analysis showed characteristic grouping, which is not in accordance with their geographical affiliation. The implications of the results of this study in developing a strategy for the conservation and breeding of A. rugosa and other medicinal plant germplasm are discussed.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2019

김(Porphyra yezoensis)은 김속의 홍조류이다. RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) 마커를 이용하여 한국 내 네 집단의 표현형과 유전적 다양성을 조사하였다. 전체적으로 20 시발체로 김에서 55분절이 관찰되었다. 이들 밴드 중 30개(54.5%)는 다형성을 나타내었다. OPA-18-02 밴드는 낙동 김 집단에서만 증폭되었다. OPA-20-02 밴드는 서천 김 집단에서만 증폭되었다. 이 두 밴드는 특별한 집단을 구별해주는 특이밴드로 판정되었다. 대립유전자좌위의 수(Ae)는 1.161에서 1.293로 평균은 1.366였다. 서천 김 집단이 가장 높은 다형성을 나타내었다(0.163). 다른 집단과 격리되고 조간대에 위치한 낙동 김 집단은 가장 낮은 다형성을 나타내었다(0.092). 샤논의 표현형 다양성(I)은 서천 김 집단이 가장 높았다(0.238). 전체 유전적 다양도($H_T$)는 0.132(OPA-02)에서 0.420(OPA-19)로 나타났다. 대립유전자좌위에서 유전적 다양성($H_S$)은 0.059(OPA-18)에서 0.339(OPA-19)였다. 대립유전자좌위에 근거에서 전체 유전적 다양도에서 집단 간 차이($G_{ST}$)는 0.012(OPA-11)에서 0.762(OPA-18)이였으며 평균은 0.415였다. 이는 전체 변이의 약 42%는 집단 간에서 발견된다는 것을 의미한다. 종 내 다양도의 58.5%는 집단 내에 있었다. 유전자 흐름(Nm)은 0.705로 낮았다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제96권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2007

본 연구는 전라북도 진안 지역의 낙엽송을 대상으로 지위지수 추정과 지위지수곡선 유도 및 간재적식 개발을 목적으로 하였다. 지위지수에 대한 식은 대수차분 방정식에 의해 개발되었다. 기초 연령 40년으로 한 다형 지위지수 패밀리 곡선은 Schumacher 수고 방정식을 기초로 표현하였다. 최적의 간재적 추정식은 $V=0.00260+0.00000399D^2H$로 판명되었다. 이 방정식에 사용한 동시 F-검정에서 추정된 간재적량은 모델 평가에 관한 실측된 간재적량과 유의(${\alpha}=0.05$)하게 다르지 않음을 보여주었다. 지위지수 곡선과 재적 추정식의 결과는 지위와 수확표 조제시 기초 자료로 제공할 수 있고, 진안지역 낙엽송 임분의 지역 산림경영에 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.603-607
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• 2004

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis was carried out with a battery of 11 random decamer primers to study band frequency (BF), genetic identity index (I) and mean average percentage difference (MAPD) between Bhadawari and Murrah breeds of buffalo. The primers OPA04 and BG15 resolved a band of 460 bp, which was present only in animals of Bhadawari breed. Whereas, the primers OPA14, BG27 and BG28 produced Murrah specific fragments of sizes 730 bp and 1,230 bp, respectively. The estimate of genetic identity index was highest (0.845) with the primer OPA01 and the lowest (0.479) with the primer BG27. The genetic identity index pooled over the primers was 0.596${\pm}$0.037 between these two breeds. The highest MAPD estimate (53.9) between the two breeds was obtained with the primer BG27 and the lowest (14.3) with the primer OPA01. It might be concluded that the genetic identity index between these two breeds calculated on the basis of BF showed moderate level of genetic identity with the primers employed. MAPD calculated on the basis of uncommon bands also demonstrated lower to medium level of genetic difference between Bhadawari and Murrah breeds of buffalo.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2004

민자주방망이버섯은 우수한 식용버섯으로 세계적으로 분포하고 있는 종이다. 민자주방망이버섯과 5가지 송이과버섯 종들의 유전적인 변이와 분류학적 관계를 RAPD에 의해 분석 하였다. RAPD에 15가지 random primer를 사용하였다. 버섯들의 유전적 거리는 UPCMA를 사용하여 측정하였고 계통유전학적 유연관계는 neighnor-joining (NJ) 방법을 사용하여 분석하였다. PCR에 의하여 증폭된 RAPD 절편들은 100bp에서 1600 bp이었다. Nei-Li의 유전적 거리는 228개의 DNA밴드를 사용하여 계산하였고 이를 바탕으로 계통유전학적 계통수를 만들었다. 민자주방망이버섯, 자주방망이버섯 아재비, 가랑잎애기버섯, 밀버섯, 만가닥버섯, 졸각버섯의 유전적 변이 는 각각 0∼21.3%, 21.2∼28.0%, 15.4∼23.0%, 14.0∼21.8%, 16,5∼34.6%, 12.4∼27.4%이였다. CI (Consistency index), RI (Retention index), HI (Homoplasy inedx)의 값은 각각 0.5217, 0.5769, 0.5156이었다. 또한 NJ tree로 두 그룹을 만들 수 있었다. 유전적 거리는 민자주방망이버섯과 자주방망이버섯아재비보다 민자주방망이버섯과 밀버섯이 더 가까웠다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

Typha angustifolia has ecological characteristics of clonal growth similar to Phragmites australis. The plant spreads byclonal growth and seed dispersal. In this study, for the three stands which have different settlement age at the Baksilji wetland in Korea, genetic diversity was estimated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis to evaluate the change in genetic diversity of T. angustifolia during stand development in the same population. Stand (ST) 1 was the oldest and ST 4 was the youngest. ST 5 was in a small ditch out of the Baksilji. Although the ST 1, ST 2, and ST 3 did not differ significantly in vegetational or physical environment, the genetic diversity estimated according to Nei's gene diversity (h) and the Shannon index (i) increased in the order of ST 1 < ST 2 < ST 3 contrary to formative age. The genetic diversity of ST 4 was much higher than that of the other three stands. ST 4 has similar abiotic environmental conditions with slight T. angustifolia dominance, and seems to be in the early establishment stage. ST 5 differed from the other stands in vegetational and soil environments, which can result in stressful cattail conditions. Even though the ST 5 stand was not younger than the ST 4 stand, ST 5 showed the highest genetic diversity. Our results indicate that after early settlement of the T. angustifolia population, genetic diversity within the species decreased over time and that the decreasing pattern of genetic diversity within T. angustifolia stands is not likely to occur under stressful conditions.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1993년도 학술대회지
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• pp.138-142
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• 1993

Korean ginseng has been widely used as medicine from ancient times in Asia. Current breeding efforts in Korea include the individual plant selection and the subsequent pure - line isolation, and considerable number of lines with desirable traits have thus been isolated. However, there were rare data on genetic maker and its analysis for selection of superior varieties. For taxonomic characterization and development of genetic markers for ginseng breeding, molecular biological methods including the RFLP and RAPD methods were applied. Cytoplasmic DNA of ginseng was analyzed for RFLP analysis. However. there is no different pattern among the chloroplast DNA or mitochondrial DNA of variants. In the case of RAPD analysis, the band patterns using 4 of 10 RAPD primers show the distinctive polymorphism among 9 ginseng variants, and lines, and Similarity Index(SI) on polymorphism was calculated for the extent and nature of these variabilities in ginseng. The sequences of 4 selected primers were TGCCGAGCTG, AATCGGGCTG. GAAACGGGTG, and GTGACGTAGG. By SI based on the polymorphic band patterns, Chungkyung - Chong and Hwangskoog - Chong, and JakyungChong 81783 and Jinjakyung of Russia showed the most close SI. The data of KG10l coincided with the fact that it was released from Hwangskoog - Chong. and Jakyung - Chong 81783 and Jinjakyung of Russia showed the most close SI. The data of KG101 coincided with the fact that it was released from Hwangskoog - Chong by breeding process. The data of Jakyung strains indicated the significant variation among the strains. From these results, RAPD analysis method could be succesively applied to the classification and genetic analysis for breeding of Korean ginseng.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2017

A total of 340 individuals from seven duck populations were studied using 24 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) markers to identify plumage colors with genetic diversity. The estimated average number of alleles (Na), polymorphic information content (PIC) value, and expected heterozygosity (He) per locus of all populations were 11.5, 0.602, and 0.635, respectively. The calculated population genetic distance (Fst), inbreeding coefficient of individuals within duck populations (Fis), and total inbreeding among populations (Fit) were 0.135, 0.105, and 0.229, respectively. Statistical analyses for each population using 24 marker combinations, revealed that the estimated average number of effective alleles (Ne), observed heterozygosity (Ho), and fixation index of inbreeding within populations (F) were 3.129, 0.505, and 0.104, respectively. The results of genetic distance and phylogenetic analysis revealed that Korean native duck populations were clearly separated from all Bangladeshi duck populations. Moreover, all populations clustered well according to their genetic distance, but could not be clearly separated according to black and white plumage colors or plumage color pattern. The combination of these 24 MS markers can be used for discrimination and determination of the genetic diversity of native duck breeds in further investigations for conservation and special development purposes.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.660-670
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• 2014

The Korean plum yew (Cephalotaxus koreana Nakai) is a shade-tolerant, coniferous shrub. The seeds have been used as a folk medicine in Korea, and an alkaloid extract (HTT) is known to have anticancer properties. We estimated the genetic diversity of 429 trees in 16 populations in South Korea using 194 polymorphic amplicons from seven combinations of AFLP primer-restriction enzymes. The average number of effective alleles and the percentage of polymorphic loci were 1.37 and 79.4%, respectively. Shannon's diversity index and the expected heterozygosity were 0.344 and 0.244, respectively. We divided 16 populations into four groups on the UPGMA dendrogram and the PCA biplot. The first two principal components explained 84% of the total genetic variation. Genetic differentiation between populations explained 14% of total genetic variation, and the remaining 86% came from difference between individuals within populations, as determined by an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). However, the genetic differentiation did not correlate with the geographic distance between populations from the Mantel test. The Bayesian statistics, which are comparable to Wright's $F_{ST}$ and Nei's $G_{ST}$, were ${\theta}^I=0.406$ and ${\theta}^{II}=0.172$, respectively. The population genetic diversity was slightly lower, and the strength of genetic differentiation was much weaker, than the average of those plants having similar life histories, as assessed using arbitrary marker systems. We discuss strategies for the genetic conservation of the plum yew in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2007

Genetic diversity among selected isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina, a causal agent of charcoal rot (stalk rot) disease in sorghum was studied using PCR-RAPD markers. A set of ten isolates, from ten different rabi sorghum genotypes representing two traditional sorghum growing situations viz., Dharwad- a transitional high rainfall region and Bijapur- a semi-arid low rainfall region in South India. From a set of 40 random primers tested, amplicon profiles of 15 were reproducible. A total of 149 amplicon levels, with an average of 9.9 bands per primer, were available for analysis, of which 148 were polymorphic (99.3%). It was possible to discriminate all the isolates with any of the 15 primers employed. UPGMA clustering of data indicated that the isolates shared varied levels of genetic similarity within a range of 0.14 to 0.72 similarity coefficient index and it was suggestive that grouping of isolates was not related to sampling location in anyway. A high level of genetic heterogeneity of 0.28 was recorded among the isolates.