• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.205-211
• /
• 2002

Previously, genetic relationships among 321 silkworm races preserved in the Department of Sericulture and Entomology, NIAST, RDA were studied using six isozymes comprising 20 loci. As a part of additional studies, three additional isozymes with 7 loci [phos-phoglucomutase (PGM), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), malete dehydrogenase (MDH)] from hemolymphs, midgets, and eggs were employed to reevaluate the previous dendrogram (UPGMA method). Although the current study supported the recognition of the previously identified major groups, some minor changes were apparent among the selected 47 forms. The current study showed that the polymorphic loci of GPI from eggs and MDH from hemolymph appear to be responsible characters for generating a new major group in the genetic relationship. Interpreting the data with current additive isozymes may represent more robust genetic relatioships among 321 silkworm races preserved in Korea, until further evidence is available.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.151-161
• /
• 2005

Objectives : Our research purpose is to establish the standard identification analysis on C. officinale and L. chuanxiong in Korea and China by PCR-mediated fingerprinting. Methods : The Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was used on Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions and rbcL regions to compare and discriminate genes extracted from crude drugs as C. officinale and L. chuanxiong in Korea and China. Results : L. chuanxiong Korea and China have very similar polymorphism, whereas L. chuanxiong in Korea and C. officinale have very different polymorphism in RFLP. And restriction enzymes AluI and SacI forms the specific fragment band only in C. officinale, they can be used as RFLP marker on ITS regions to discriminate among the species. Conclusions : The results could be applied in discriminating crude drugs among C. officinale and L. chuanxiong in Korea and China. Also they could be used in controlling drug quality, preserving medicinal plants, and improving plant description.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2002년도 강연요지집
• /
• pp.97-117
• /
• 2002

A chemoinfometrical method for quantitative determination of crystal content of indomethacin (IMC) polymorphs based on fourie-transformed near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy was established. A direct comparison of the data with the ones collected from using the conventional powder X-ray diffraction method was performed. Pure $\alpha$ and ${\gamma}$ forms of IMC were prepared using published methods. Powder X-ray diffraction profiles and NIR spectra were recorded for six kinds of standard materials with various content of ${\gamma}$ form IMC. The principal component regression (PCR) analyses were performed based on normalized NIR spectra sets of standard samples of known content of IMC ${\gamma}$ form. A calibration equation was determined to minimize the root mean square error of the prediction. The predicted ${\gamma}$ form content values were reproducible and had a relatively small standard deviation. The values of ${\gamma}$ form content predicted by two methods were in close agreement. The results were indicated that NIR spectroscopy provides for an accurate quantitative analysis of crystallinity in polymorphs compared with the results obtained by conventional powder X-ray diffractometry.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.476-481
• /
• 2007

A polymorphic fungus, Candida albicans, causes various forms of infections such as disseminated candidiasis and vaginitis. Recent reports indicate that the fungus is a main etiological agent for the arthritis. In search of new sources for treatment of the fungal arthritis, we examined $18{\beta}$-glycyrrhetinic acid ($18{\beta}$-GA) against C. albicans-caused septic arthritis. The compound is isolated from Glycyrrhizae Radix that is known to have various immunomodulating activities and is one of the most popular herbal medicines. For induction of animal model of a septic arthritis, mice were given an emulsion form of C. albicans cell wall mixed with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) via footpad-injection. To determine prophylactic and therapeutic effects, the component was given to the animals before or after the induction of the arthritis, respectively. Data showed that intraperitoneal administration of $18{\beta}$-GA resulted in reduction of the inflammation, indicating the component had both prophylactic and therapeutic activities. For investigation of mechanism of the $18{\beta}$-GA, inhibitory effects on NO (nitiric oxide) and on T-lymphocyte proliferation were determined. Results demonstrated that $18{\beta}$-GA suppressed NO production from LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-treated macrophages and also inhibited proliferation of Con A (concanavalin A)activated T-cells. Taken together, $18{\beta}$-GA, a pentacyclic triterpene, has anti-arthritic activity against C. albicans-caused septic arthritis, possibly by blocking NO production and T-cell suppression.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 2002

Collaborative studies have identified some genetic factors contributing to the development of severe forms of malaria and schistosomiasis. In Thailand, the $TNF-{\alpha}{\;}5'-flanking$ region shows biallelic polymorphic sites at nucleotides -238, -308, -857, -863, and -1031, and seven alleles have been identified in patients from Myanmar. We found that the TNF promoter (TNFP)-D allele was significantly associated with cerebral malaria in populations from Karen (P < 0.0001. OR ＝ 124.86) and ethnic Burma (P < 0.0001, OR = 34.50) . In China, we have identified two major genes related to the severity of liver fibrosis, one an HLA class II gene, and the other the IL-13 gene. The frequency of the HLA- DRB5*0101 allele and that of the IL-13 promoter A/A (IL- l3P- A/A) genotype were elevated in fibrotic patients, although the two genes are located on different chromosomes, chromosomes 6p and 5q, respectively Subjects with both genotypes had odds ratios (OR = 24.5) much higher than the sum of the ratios for each individual genotype (OR ＝ 5.1,95% Confidence Interval 1.3-24.7 for HLA-DRB5*0101, OR ＝ 3.1 95% CI 1.5 - 6.5 for IL-l3P-A/A). That the effects of the two susceptibility markers are synergistic rather than additive, strongly suggests that the pathogenic Th2 response directly influences the prognosis of post-schistosomal liver fibrosis.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 2011

This study is to generate SCARs markers for identification of Perilla species. A SCAR is a genomic DNA fragment at a single genetically defined locus that is identified by PCR amplification using a pair of specific oligonucleotide primers. We derived SCARs by sequencing and cloning the both ends of the amplified products of RAPD markers. Sixteen sequence-specific primers were synthesized from eight RAPD markers, which were completely sequenced. We developed the species-specific SCAR markers which could be used successfully in detecting genetic variation in four Perilla species. These markers could be used to verify species-origins of various forms of Perilla germplasms.

• 농업생명과학연구
• /
• 제43권6호
• /
• pp.35-43
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 서로 다른 지역에서 재배된 장뇌삼 8품종과 밭에서 재배된 재배인삼 등 총 9개체에 대해 장뇌삼 품종들 간의 유연관계를 분석하였다. RAPD분석에 사용한 random primer는 총 40종류(OPA 1~20, OPB 1~20)였으며, 이 중 34개가 각기 다른 지역에서 재배된 품종간의 집단을 형성하여 9개 품종간 유연관계를 밝히는데 유용하였다. 유연관계를 분석한 결과, 홍천과 재배인삼, 의성과 금산, 진안과 풍기와 강화, 상주와 안동 4개의 그룹으로 구분되었으며 이는 다시 2개의 그룹 "홍천-재배인삼-의성-금산", "풍기-강화-상주-안동"으로 구분 되었다. 9개 지역에서 수집한 품종간의 유사도 값은 최저 0.30, 최고 0.53으로 나타났다. RAPD방법은 사용법이 간단하고 소요시간이 적게 소요될 뿐만 아니라 적은 양의 DNA시료로도 분석이 가능한 검정법으로 형태적인 차이가 구별되지 않는 장뇌삼 품종 간의 유전적 유연관계를 밝히는 데 유용한 방법임을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 품종별 계통유연관계를 보다 정확히 분석하기 위해서 AFLP 또는 Molecular Maker를 이용하거나 계통분류에 널리 이용되는 핵, 엽록체 DNA의 유전자 염기서열 비교와 같은 정밀한 분자계통학적 연구가 수행되어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권10호
• /
• pp.5069-5074
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between methylation status of the Dact1 gene and MTHFR a1298c polymorphic forms in transitional cell carcinoma tissues in a Chinese population. Methods: Polymorphisms of folate metabolism enzyme gene MTHFR were assessed by restrictive fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods and PCR-based DNA methylation analysis was used to determine the CpG island methylation status of the Dact1 gene. Associations between the methylation status of the Dact1 gene and clinical characteristics, as well as MTHFR a1298c polymorphisms, were analyzed. Results: aberrant methylation of the Dact1 gene was found in 68.3% of cancer tissues and 12.4% of normal tissues,. The methylation rate of the Dact1 gene in cancer tissues was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis (46.3% vs. 17.2%, P = 0.018). No association was found between aberrant DNA methylation and selected factors including sex, age, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and green tea consumption. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, variant allele of MTHFR a1298c was found to be associated with methylation of the Dact1 gene. Compared with wild type CC, the odds ratio was 4.33 (95% CI: 1.06-10.59) for AC and 4.95 (95% CI: 1.18-12.74) for AA. The N stage in TNM staging and the occurrence of lymph node metastasis were associated with an MTHFR 1298 AA+AC genotype (P<0.05). Conclusion: MTHFR 1298 AC and AA genotypes might help maintain a normal methylation status of the Dact1 gene, aberrant CpG island methylation of which is closely related to the genesis and progression of transitional cell carcinoma.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.34-45
• /
• 2013

마디풀과의 물여뀌 종집단(Polygonum amphibium L. complex)은 육상 및 수중 환경 모두에 서식할 수 있는 분류군으로, 서식 환경에 따라 다양한 형태 변이를 나타내어 현재까지 많은 분류군들이 기재되어 왔다. 아시아 및 북미산 107개체로부터 측정한 11개 형태형질을 사용하여 주성분분석을 수행한 결과, 본 종집단에서 존재하는 수생형 및 육생형 개체들은 모든 지역집단에서 잎의 형태 및 크기, 엽병의 길이 등에 의해 서로 구분되는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 동일 개체군 또는 동일 지역내에서 채집된 수생형과 육생형 개체들은 엽록체 DNA 4개 구간(matK, psbA-trnH IGS, rbcL-accD IGS, trnL-trnF)에서 완전히 동일한 염기서열을 공유하는 것으로 밝혀져 유전적으로는 분기되지 않은 것으로 추정되며, 따라서 본 종집단에서 나타나는 생육형간의 형태적 차이는 서식지 환경에 따른 개체 변이인 것으로 판단된다. 형태분석 및 엽록체 4구간 염기서열 유합자료의 계통분석 결과, 한국, 일본, 중국, 몽골, 극동 러시아 지역 등에 분포하는 아시아산 개체들은 북미지역집단 개체들 및 유럽의 영국산 개체와 형태적, 유전적으로 뚜렷이 구분되는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 따라서 한반도산 개체들을 포함하는 아시아 지역집단 개체들은 P. amphibium의 하나의 변종(P. amphibium var. amurense Korsh.)으로 인식하는 것이 타당한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
• /
• pp.2111-2111
• /
• 2001

A chemoinfometrical method for evaluating the quantitative determination of crystallinity one polymorphs based on fourie-transformed near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy was established. A direct comparison of the data with the ones collected from using the and compared with the conventional powder X-ray diffraction method was performed. [Method] The pPure a and g forms of indomethacin (IMC) were prepared by reportedusing published methods. Six kinds of standard samples obtained by physically mixing of a and g forms. After the powder X-ray diffraction profiles of samples have been measured, the intensity values were normalized to against the intensity of silicon powder as the as an external standard. The calibration curves for quantification of crystal content were based upon the total relative intensity of four diffraction peaks from of the form g crystal. FT-NIR spectra of six calibration sample sets were recorded 5 times with the NIR spectrometer (BRAN+LUEBBE). Chemoinfometric analysis was performed on the NIR spectral data sets by applying the principal component regression (PCR). [Results] The relation between the actual and predicted polymorphic contents of form g IMC measured using by the X-ray diffraction method shows a good straight linen linear relation., and it has slope of 0.023, an intercept of 0.131 and a correlation coefficient of 0.986. PCR analyses wereis was performed based on normalized NIR spectra sets offer standard samples of known content of IMC g form. IMC. A calibration equation was determined to minimize the root mean square error of the predictionthe prediction. Figure 1 shows a plot of the calibration data obtained by NIR method between the actual and predicted contents of form g IMC. The predicted values were reproducible and had a smaller standard deviation. Figure 2 shows that the plot for the predicted transformation rate (%) of form a IMC to form g as measured by X-ray diffractomeoy against to those as measured by NIR method. The plot has a slope of 1.296, an intercept of 1,109, and a correlation coefficient of 0.992. The line represents a satisfactory correlation between the two predicted values of form g IMC content. Thus NIR spectroscopy is an effective method for the evaluation to the pharmaceutical products of quantitative of polymorph.