• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.722-725
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• 1999

Filamentation-suppressed recombinant Escherichia coli strain harboring the Alcaligenes latus polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes and the E. coli ftsZ gene was constructed and cultivated for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] with high concentration and high content. By the pH-stat fed-batch culture of this recombinant E. coli strain XL1-Blue(pJC5), the final cell concentration and P(3HB) concentration obtained in 44.25h were 172.2g cell dry weight/l and 141.9g P(3HB)/l, respectively, resulting in productivity of 3.21g P(3HB)/l-h. More importantly, the P(3HB) content obtained was 82.4 wt %, which was significantly higher than that obtained with the recombinant E. coli harboring only the PHA biosynthesis genes.

• 폴리머
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2000

Poly(p-hydroxybenzoate) (PHB)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) 8/2공중합 폴리에스테르계 액정고분자와 poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) 및 poly(ethylene terephthalate)를 용융혼합하여 삼상계 블렌드물의 액정상 형성여부 및 기계적 성질을 조사하였다. PHB의 함량이 40 mo1%에서 급격한 점도의 감소로 토크의 값이 감소하였고, 인장강도와 초기 탄성율은 PHB의 함량이 증가함에 따라 액정고분자의 피브릴 형성으로 증가하였다. 섬유의 인장강도와 탄성율은 PHB의 함량과 권취속도를 증가시킴에 따라 증가하였고, 에스테르 교환반응은 용융혼합 시간에 따라 증가하였다. 에스테르 교환반응은 용융흔합물의 흔화성을 향상시키고, 동일 조성비의 단량체를 함유한 공중합체에서 나타나는 액정상을 형성하였다. PHB의 함량이 30 wt%에서는 부분적인 액정상이 나타나며, 40 wt%에서 삼상계 블렌드의 의사액정상이 나타났다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2002

To explore the effects of intramolecular interactions within the copolymer on the phase separation behavior of polymer blends, copolymers having two different types of intramolecular interactions, i.e., intramolecular repulsion and intramolecular attraction were prepared . In this study, poly(styrene-co-methylmethacrylate) (P(S-MMA)) having intramolecular repulsion caused by positive interaction between styrene and MMA and poly(styrene-co-ethyl-methacrylate) (P(S-EMA)) and poly(styrene-co-cyclohexylmethacrylate) (P(S-CHMA)) having intramolecular attraction caused by negative interaction between styrene and methacrylate were blended with tetramethyl poly-carbonate (TMPC). The phase behavior of blends was examined as a function of copolymer composition and blend composition. TMPC formed miscible blends with styrenic copolymers containing less than certain amount of methacrylate. The phase separation temperature of TMPC blends with copolymer such as P(S-MMA) and P(S-EMA), first increases with methacrylate content, goes through a maximum and then decreases just prior to the limiting content of methacrylate for miscibility, while that of TMPC blends with P(S-CHMA) always decreases. The calculated interaction energy for TMPC-P(S-EMA) pair is negative and monotonically increases with EMA content of the copolymer. Such behavior contradicted the general notion that systems with more favorable energetic interactions have higher LCST, The detailed inspection of the lattice-fluid theory related to the phase behavior was performed to explain such behavior.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2008

Thermal cross-linking method of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) using poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was carried out on PVA/PAA hydrogels. The level of gelation was measured in the PVA/PAA hydrogels with various PAA contents. The swelling behavior at various pHs showed that the swelling kinetics and water contents of the PVA/PAA hydrogels reached equilibrium after 30 h, and the time to reach the equilibrium state decreased with increasing PAA content in the hydrogel. The water content increased with increasing pH of the buffer solution. The permeation and release of the drug were tested using indomethacin as a model drug. The permeated and released amounts of the drug increased with decreasing the PAA content because of the low free volume in the hydrogel due to the higher cross-linking density. The kinetic profile of drug release at various pHs showed that all samples reached the equilibrium state within the 5 h.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.60-66
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• 1982

In relation to denaturation of proteins, thermally induced conformational change of poly(D-glutamic acid) was studied in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) at low pH, where poly(D-glutamic acid) undergoes a helix-to-${\beta}$ transition without any other polymer. In a dilute solution, poly(vinyl alcohol) enhanced the ${\alpah}-to-{\beta}_1$ transition of poly(D-glutamic acid) due to intermolecular interaction between the two polymers. On the other hand, this conformational change was interrupted to a large extent in a concentrated solution, due to the interpenetration of poly(vinyl alcohol) chain into poly(D-glutamic acid) chain which prevented the intramolecular association of poly(D-glutamic acid) chain. A conformational change from ${\beta}_1\;to\;{\beta}_2$ of poly(D-glutamic acid) was observed for the films obtained by casting during annealing the mixture solutions. The ${\beta}_2$ content in the cast film increased with increasing poly(vinyl alcohol) content in the mixture.

• 폴리머
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.349-355
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• 2007

열 응답성을 갖는 poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) 수화젤의 팽윤 및 수축 특성을 변화시키기 위하여, 물을 용매로 하여 AN 함량이 10 mol% 이내인 P(NIPAAm-co-AN) 공중합체 및 이들의 수화젤을 합성하였고, AN 함량이 공중합체 수화젤의 임계젤전이온도(CGTT) 및 팽윤 거동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 공중합체 수화젤들은 $30{\sim}32\;^{\circ}C$에서 CGTT를 나타내었으며, AN 함량이 증가함에 따라 CGTT는 저온 쪽으로 이동하였다. 이들 공중합체 수화젤을 CGTT 이하 온도의 물에서 팽윤시키면 AN 함량이 많아짐에 따라 팽윤속도가 느려지고 평형 팽윤비 값이 작아지지만, CGTT 이상에서 수축시키면 AN 함량이 많은 수화젤이 더 빠르고 더 많이 수축하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1539-1544
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• 2008

A polymeric micelle, based on the poly(benzyl-L-histidine)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (polyBz-His-b-PEG) diblock copolymer, was designed as a tumor-specific targeting carrier. The micelles (particle size: 67-80 nm, critical micelle concentration (CMC); 2-3 $\mu$g/mL) were formed from the diafilteration method at pH 7.4, as a result of self-assembly of the polyBz-His block at the core and PEG block on the shell. Removing benzyl (Bz) group from polyBz-His block provided pH-sensitivity of the micellar core; the micelles were physically destabilized in the pH range of pH 7.4-5.5, depending on the content of the His group free from Bz group. The ionization of His group at a slightly acidic pH promoted the deformation of the interior core. These pHdependent physical changes of the micelles provide the mechanism for pH-triggering anticancer drug (e.g., doxorubicin: DOX) release from the micelle in response to the tumor’s extracellular pH range (pH 7.2-6.5).

• 폴리머
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.653-660
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• 2002

가교제 poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)를 사용하여 제조한 poly(N-iso-propylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) 및 poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-sodium methacrylate) (P(NIPAAm-co-SMA)) hydrogels의 부피 상전이 현상을 함수율과 표면적의 변화로 고찰하였다. Hydyogel의 부피 상전이 온도는 가교제의 농도에는 영향을 받지 않았으나 공단량체인 SMA의 소량 첨가로 4$0^{\circ}C$ 이상 상승하였다. 특히 PEGDA를 가교제로 사용하였을 경우 가교 길이가 길어짐에 따라 부피 상전이 온도가 더 높게 상승하였다. PNIPAAm 및 P(NIPAAm-co-SMA) hydrogels의 표면적 역시 부피 상전이 온도를 전후하여 감소하였는데 이는 부피 상전이 과정에서 기공의 크기가 현저하게 감소하였기 때문이다. 따라서 표면적과 기공 크기의 변화가 부피 상전이를 나타내는 주요한 인자임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.270-270
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• 2006

We have prepared polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for DMFC from polymer mixture of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl alcohol-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (AP-2) changing the AP-2 content. The proton conductivity(${\Box}$) and methanol permeability(P) of the PEMs increase with increasing AP-2 content because the water content of the PEMs increases with increasing AP-2 content. The proton permselectivity of the PEMs, which is defined as ${\Box}={\Box}/P$, indicates higher values than that of $Nafion{(R)}$117.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2000

A series of pH/temperature sensitive polymers were synthesized by copolymerizing N-isopro-pyl acrylamide(NIPAAm) and acrylic acid(AAc) . The influence of polyelectrolyte between poly(allyl amine) (PAA) and poly(L-lysine)(PLL) on the lower critical solution temperature(LCST) of pH/temperature sensitive polymer was compared in the range of pH 2∼12. The LCST of PNIPAAm/water in aqueous poly(NIPAAm-co-AAc) solution was determined by cloud point measurements. A polyelectrolyte complex was prepared by mixing poly(NIPAAm-co-AAc) with poly(allyl amine) (PAA) or poly(L-lysine) (PLL) solutions as anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes, respectively. The effect of polyelectrolyte complex formation on the conformation of PLL was studied as a function of temperature by means of circular dichroism(CD). The cloud points of PNIPAAm in the aqueous copolymers solutions were stongly affected by pH, the presence of polyelectrolyte solute, AAc content, and charge density. The polyelectrolyte complex was formed at neutral condition. The influence of more hydrophobic PLL as a polyelectrolyte on the cloud point of PNIPAAm in the aqueous copolymer solution was stronger than that of poly(allyl amine)(PAA). Although polymer-polymer complex was formed between poly(NIPAAm-co-AAc) and PLL, the conformational change of PLL did not occur due to steric hinderance of bulky N-isopropyl groups of PNIPAAm.