• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2013

It is very difficult to apply stream flow data directly to the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads because there are some differences between the unit watershed and the stream flow monitoring network in their characteristics such as monitoring locations and its intervals. Flow duration curve can be developed by linking the daily flow data of stream monitoring network to 8 day interval flow data of the unit watershed. This study investigated the current operating conditions of the stream flow monitoring network and the flow relationships between the unit watershed and the stream flow monitoring network. Criteria such as missing and zero value data, and correlation coefficients were applied to select the stream flow reference sites. The reference sites were selected in 112 areas out of 142 unit watersheds in 4 river basins, where the stream flow observations were carried out in relatively normal operating conditions. These reference sites could be utilized in various ways such as flow variation analysis, flow duration curve development and so on for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.940-953
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• 2006

The major source of carbon monoxide (CO) at the Earth's surface is the incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels. Because the global lifetime of CO is about two months, it can be used as a tracer for pollution from anthropogenic activities and biomass hurtling. In this paper, we introduced the principle and algorithm of the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument for global CO monitoring. The MOPITT instrument, which was launched on the Satellite Terra in 1999, measures CO column and mixing ratio based on gas correlation radiometry. CO levels can be determined by a retrieval algorithm based on the maximum likelihood method minimizing the difference between observed and modeled radiances. MOPITT level 2 data (HDF format) can be downloaded through the Earth Observing System (EOS) data gateway of NASA. ASCII files of CO parameters can be extracted from HDF files, and then temporal and spatial distributions can be obtained. Finally, we showed an example of CO monitoring in April 2000. The locations of forest fires and distribution of MOPITT CO clearly indicated that not only anthropogenic emissions but also forest fires play an important role in CO levels and global CO distribution. Our introduction to MOPITT and the example of MOPITT data interpretation would be helpful for scientists who want to use the EOS data.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2008년도 정보통신설비 학술대회
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• pp.205-208
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• 2008

This article presents a methodology for the monitoring of air pollution. All over the world, the interest in the environment has been continuously increasing. Unfortunately, much of this interest is due to emerging problems, such as the greenhouse effect and climate change. For this reason, research into carbon dioxide, which causes the greenhouse effect, is progressing rapidly. This article presents a method of measuring the level of carbon dioxide and other substances in the air through the utilization of mobile-networking base stations and measured data. First of all, sensors are attached at the appropriate position of the mobile-networking base stations. These sensors will measure the air quality in their respective positions, and send sensor data to an urban management center via network gateways and data-collecting systems. The measured data can be used for various purposes. In general, it can be used to measure the air quality, which can then be used as a basis for urban planning. The method described herein utilizes airpollution sensors that are attached to the base stations in different locations and at varying heights. The data obtained hereby will be applicable in many fields. At this time this is simply a methodology, however we hope that it will lead to a practical application.

• 공업화학
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.408-418
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• 2022

Marine accidents involving the entanglement of marine litter have continued to increase, with over 300 to 400 cases per year according to the statistical agency. Entanglement of marine litter may also lead to large-scale marine accidents which cause capsizing and sinking, thereby further causing detrimental casualties and material damages, and thus exceptional attention and care are required. In this study, Incheon, Busan, and Geoje and Tongyeong were found to be the high-frequency locations for accidents, which were selected by considering the ArcGIS analysis about the marine accidents of entanglement of marine litter and the occurrence frequency by the standard. The characteristics of the multiple accident areas involving entanglement of marine litter were the coastal cities where fishing facilities or marine leisure related conditions were activated, with the port which handles much of the traffic of outbound and inbound vessels located nearby. Marine plastic pollution impacts not only the marine ecosystem and food chain, but also the hull and engine of ships, and may further pose threats to the safety of vessels and crews. It is necessary to find a common link between the relevant areas and to strive to remove the root causes of marine accidents by reducing marine litter.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2023

The effect of soil damage on the physicochemical characteristics and activity of the soil microbial community is not well known. This study investigates this relationship by analyzing 11 soil samples collected from various points of soil damage across Gyeonggi-do. Soil damage resulted from forest fires, landslides, and development areas, with their impacts most severe on the topsoil layer (0-30 cm). Dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase activities were notably higher at locations damaged by forest fires compared to other sites. While enzyme activities in soils influenced by landslides and development areas were relatively low, sites with a pollution history exhibited elevated dehydrogenase activity, likely due to past microbial response to the pollution. Additionally, an assessment of carbon substrate usability by soil microorganisms indicated higher substrate availability in areas impacted by forest fires, contrasting with lower availability in landslide and development sites. Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between organic content of sand and clay and microbial activity. These findings provide valuable insights into soil damage and associated restoration research, as well as management strategies.

• 지역연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2018

본 연구는 수도권을 대상으로 개별공장의 시공간적 확산을 분석하고 정책적 시사점을 제공하는 데 목적이 있다. 공장의 입지는 개별입지와 계획입지로 나눌 수 있다. 계획입지의 경우, 공장 설립의 기간이 오래 걸리고 높은 비용과 규제 때문에 개별공장의 설립이 쉽지 않다. 그러나 개별입지 공장은 설립 절차가 간단하여 지대 가격이 저렴한 비도시지역을 중심으로 개별입지 공장 난개발이 증가하였다. 공장 난개발의 문제점은 공장 주변의 도로 및 환경오염 처리 시설과 같은 인프라 부족을 야기하고, 쾌적한 환경과 도시 경관을 훼손하며, 주변지역 거주민의 생활환경을 악화시킨다. 본 연구의 분석자료는 공장설립온라인지원시스템 자료를 ArcGIS Pro를 활용하여 2001년부터 2016년까지 수도권 지역에 설립된 개별공장의 입지를 시공간적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 수도권 전체적으로 살펴보면 개별입지 공장은 기존의 산업단지나 공업입지 주변에 집중적으로 형성되는 것을 발견하였다. 이러한 이유는 집적지 주변에서 얻을 수 있는 외부효과라고 판단된다. 둘째, 서울시의 경우 개별입지 공장은 주거지역에 많이 설립되고 있어 주거와 공장의 혼재가 발생하고 있다. 셋째, 경기도의 개별입지 공장은 비도시지역 내 관리지역에 많이 입지하는 것으로 나타났다. 비도시지역 내 관리지역에서의 공장 난개발은 경관 훼손, 인프라 부족 등 사회적 비용을 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구는 수도권지역을 대상으로 개별공장의 시공간 확산과정과 특징을 분석하여 향후 개별공장 난개발을 제어하기 위한 정책적 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2016

2014년 한국의 주소체계는 지번기반에서 도로명기반으로 변화하였다. 그러나 주소좌표는 지번주소체계의 주소좌표를 그대로 사용하고 있다. 지번주소 좌표는 필지의 중심에 위치하는 반면, 도로명 주소 좌표는 도로로부터 일정한 거리에 위치한다. 따라서 도로명주소와 지번주소의 차이는 작지만 미시적 모델링에서는 결정적일수 있다. 두 좌표 그룹의 차이를 살펴보기 위해, 본 연구는 도시지역에서 대기오염 배출량을 추정하는 사례연구를 수행하였다. 도시에서는 필지의 크기가 작기 때문에 두 그룹의 자표간 거리도 작다. 따라서 미시적 대기오염 확산 모델인 CALINE4가 각 좌표에서의 대기오염 추정량의 차이를 살펴보기 위해 선정되었다. 입력자료로 서울시 영등포구의 도로들에 인접한 252개의 건물들을 대상으로 두 그룹의 좌표들이 수집되었다. 각 건물에 대해 두 개의 서로 다른 주소 좌표에 대해 대기오염량이 추정되었고, t 검증과 F 검증을 사용하여 그 값들의 통계적 차이를 검증하였다. 통계적 검증 결과 각 건물의 두 주소에 대해 추정된 대기오염량이 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있음을 보였다. 따라서 지번주소기반 좌표를 도로명주소의 좌표로 사용하면 미시적 분석에 있어서 상당한 오류를 야기할 수 있다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.26-27
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• 2010

해양환경오염, 선박안전사고 등의 문제를 일으키는 불법 양식장은 각 지자체를 중심으로 관리와 단속이 이루어지고 있지만, 넓은 관리지역과 부족한 인력으로 인해 어려움을 겪고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 새로운 기술인 IP-RFID를 이용하여 양식장 시설물을 효율적으로 관리할 수 있는 시스템을 제시하고 한다. 본 연구에서 개발하는 시스템은 양식장 시설물에 저장된 정보와 위치를 IP통신을 통해 다양한 사용자에게 실시간으로 전달할 수 있는 IP-Tag를 부착하여, 양식장 시설물의 관리감독을 효율적으로 할 수 있게 하고, 불법 양식장을 단속할 수 있게 한다. 특히 본 시스템은 양식장 시설물이 바다 밑으로 가라않은 지정을 확인할 수 있기 때문에, 유실된 양식장 시설물로 인한 해양환경오염을 줄일 수 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.543-549
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• 2008

Human activities and land-use practices are intensely widening the urban areas. High impervious surface areas cover much of urban landscapes and are the primary pollutant sources which can lead to water quality and habitat degradation in its watershed. As the urban areas expand, transportation land-use such as parking lots, roads, service areas, toll-gates in highways and bridges also increase. These land-uses are significant in urban pollution due to high imperviousness rate and vehicular activities. To regulate the environmental impacts and to improve the water quality of rivers and lakes, the Ministry of Environment (MOE) in Korea developed the Total Pollution Load Management System (TPLMS) program. The main objective is to lead the watershed for a low impact development. On a local scale, some urban land surfaces can be emitting more pollution than others. Consequently, in urban areas, the unit loads are commonly employed to estimate total pollutant loadings emitted from various land-uses including residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, open lands such as parks and golf courses, and other developed land like parking areas as a result of development. In this research, unit pollutant loads derived specifically from transportation land-uses (i.e. branched out from urban areas) will be provided. Monitoring was conducted over 56 storm events at nine monitoring locations during three years. Results for the unit pollutant loads of transportation land-use are determined to be $399.5kg/km^2-day$ for TSS, $12.3kg/km^2-day$ for TN and $2.46kg/km^2-day$ for TP. The values are higher than those of urban areas in Korean MOE and US highways. These results can be used by MOE to separate the pollutant unit load of transportation landuses from urban areas.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2017

Objectives: The pollution status of heavy metals within the soil was investigated with an aim to establishing a sustainable soil environment within parks and amusement facilities installed in urban areas of Gyeonggi-do Province. Methods: As sampling sites, 14 locations were selected from a city with a number of factories near a residential area, a residential area, and a children's park in a city with mixed green areas. Seven kinds of heavy metals, including Cd, Pb, and Hg, and the pH of soil were analyzed three times by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Results: In this study, the pH of the samples from the residential park and industrial park showed 5.7-6.5 and 5.9-7.0, respectively. The overall mean concentration (mg/kg) of heavy metals was Zn (132.8), Ni (73.0), Cu (47.4), Pb (35.9), As (4.84), Cd (0.39), and Hg (0.07), indicating that these concentrations of heavy metals were lower than those for the area 1 standard of soil pollution concern criteria. In addition, the sampling sites in the residential area and the industrial area also showed the same tendency for concentration distribution. Conclusions: We found that the soil pollution class (SPC) of some spots were over 200, which are third and fourth classes. In order to manage a sustainable soil environment in a city park, it is suggested that local governments, the management bodies for these parks, need to manage, supervise, and investigate soil pollution and quickly replace contaminated soil.