• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.439-450
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• 2023

The Yeongsan River, a major water resource for Jeollanam-do, that is adjacent to industrial complexes and agricultural areas, is exposed to water pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the impact of water pollution incidences and prepare response systems for river environment safety for other water resources in the future. Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) was applied to the mainstream of the Yeongsan River where residential, commercial, and agricultural areas are located to analyze the behavior of pollutants conducting the scenario analysis. Considering the pollutants that affected the study area, two pollutants, oil and benzene, with different physical and chemical characteristics were selected for the analysis. As a result of comparing the actual and simulated values of the water elevation, temperature, and flow rate, it was confirmed that the model adequately reproduced the hydraulic characteristics of the Yeongsan River. The oil flow dynamics showed that an increase in flow rate led to reduction in the maximum height of the slick. Notably, the behavior of the oil was predominantly influenced by the wind conditions. In the case of benzene, lower flow scenarios exhibited decreased arrival times and residence times accompanied by an elevation in the maximum concentration levels. From the results of pollutant behavior in the study area, it is feasible to utilize the section of tributary confluence for collection and the weir area for dilution. This study enhances the understanding of the pollutant's behavior with different characteristics and develops effective control systems tailored to the physicochemical attributes of pollutants.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2003

비강우시 육상으러부터 목포항으로 유입하는 오염부하량을 목포항 주변에 위치한 하천 및 방류수의 계절별 유량과 수질을 기초로 하여 산정하였다. 4계절의 유량 자료에 의하여 산출한 목포항 유입하루평균유량은 약 5.5×10/sup 6/㎥/day이고 연평균유량은 약 2×10/sup9/㎥/year로 나타났다. 영산호 방류수의 계절별 유량은 4계절에 걸쳐서 모든 유입원들의 총유량의 90％이상으로 나타났다. 4계절에 걸쳐서 하천과 같은 유입원의 9개 지점에서 측정한 화학적 산소요구량(COD), 총부유고형물(TSS), 총무기질소(TIN) 및 총인(TP)의 농토는 각각 2.87~42.69㎎/ℓ, 3.65~1080.32㎎/ℓ, 0.083~89.744㎎/ℓ and 0.028~6.926㎎/ℓ로 나타났다. 4계절 자료를 평균하여 산정된 목포항 유임 연평균부하량은 각각 약 37 ton-COD/day, 약 64 ton-TSS/day, 약 13 ton-TIN/day 및 약 1.2 ton-Tp/day로 나타났다 하계의 목포항 유입부하량은 각각 약 82 ton-COD/day, 약 159 ton-TSS/day, 약 14 ton-TIN/day 및 2 ton-TP/day로 산정되었다. 목포항으포 유입하는 주된 오염부하원은 영산호의 방류수로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.96-105
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• 2002

As an useful water purification system for non-point source pollution in rural watersheds, interests in constructed wetlands are growing at home and abroad. It is well known that constructed wetlands are easily installed, no special managemental needs, and more flexible at fluctuating influent loads. They have a capacity for purification against nutrient materials such as phosphorus and nitrogen causing eutrophication of lentic water bodies. The Constructed Wetland Design Model (CWDM), developed through this study is consisted mainly of Database System, Runoff-discharge Prediction Submodel, Water Quality Prediction Submodel, and Area Assessment Submodel. The Database System includes data of watershed, discharge, water quality, pollution source, and design factors for the constructed wetland. It supplies data when predicting water quality and calculating the required areas of constructed wetlands. For the assessment of design flow, the GWLF (Generalized Watershed Loading Function) is used, and for water quality prediction in streams estimating influent pollutant load, Water Quality Prediction Submodel, that is a submodel of DSS-WQMRA model developed by previous works is amended. The calculation of the required areas of constructed wetlands is achieved using effluent target concentrations and area calculation equations that developed from the monitoring results in the United States. The CWDM is applied to Bokha watershed to appraise its application by assessing design flow and predicting water quality. Its application is performed through two calculations: one is to achieve each target effluent concentrations of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P, the other is to achieve overall target effluent concentrations. To prove the validity of the model, a comparison of unit removal rates between the calculated one from this study and the monitoring result from existing wetlands in Korea, Japan and United States was made. As a result, the CWDM could be very useful design tool for the constructed wetland in rural watersheds and for the non-point source pollution management.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.482-488
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• 2015

생물학적 방법에 의한 대기오염물질 처리는 기존의 처리방법을 대체할 수 있는 방법으로 각광을 받고 있다. 생물학적 처리방법은 유기화합물 또는 악취가 포함된 저농도 고유량의 공기를 처리하는데 효과적이다. 생물살수여과법을 이용한 대기오염물질 제거에서 물질전달 연구는 공정 최적화를 위해 매우 중요한 부분이다. 본 연구에서는 3상의 물질전달이 이루어지는 생물살수여과법에서 기체/액체(살수액), 기체/고체(미생물), 액체/고체 물질전달 실험방법 개발과 물질전달 현상을 고찰하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 각 상간에서 물질전달에 영향을 미치는 인자로 동적적체량, 기/액 유량비, 반응기내 미생물량, 살수액 순환량 등에 대해 고찰하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

The objective of this study is to identify the priority area where the nonpoint source pollution (NPS) management is required and to set up the load reduction goals for the identified priority area. In this study, the load duration curve (LDC) was first developed using the flow and water quality data observed at 286 monitoring stations. Based on the developed LDC, the priority area for the NPS pollution management was determined using a three-step method. The 24 watersheds were finally identified as the priority areas for the NPS pollution management. The water quality parameters of concern in the priority areas were the total phosphorus or chemical oxygen demand. The load reduction goals, which were calculated as the percent reduction from current loading levels needed to meet target water quality, ranged from 67.9% to 97.2% during high flows and from 40.3% to 69.5% during moist conditions, respectively. The results from this study will help to identify critical watersheds for NPS program planning purposes. In addition, the process used in this study can be effectively applied to identify the pollutant of concern as well as the load reduction target.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.930-934
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• 2006

홍제천 유역의 평창 배수분구를 대상으로 강우시 발생하수의 특성을 파악하기 위해 유량 및 수질 조사를 수행하였고, 강우유출수를 기저하수, 강우, 지붕유출수, 도로유출수, 관내 퇴적물 등 오염원별로 분석하여 기원별 초염기여도를 파악하였다. 강우시 발생초기의 오염물질의 농도는 초기세척현상에 의해 비강우시 농도의 3-10배 이상 높게 나타났으나, 강우 후반기에는 희석에 의해 비강우시 평균 농도 보다 오히려 낮은 농도를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 오염부하의 오염원별 기여도 분석에서 관거 퇴적물에 의한 오염도가 전체 오염도에서 COD의 경우 54.6%를, SS은 73.3%를 차지하여, 가장 높은 기여도를 보여 관거 내 퇴적물의 준설과 세정을 통하여 상당량의 오염부하를 저감시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.97-118
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• 2001

To solve the policy problem between transportation and environment in trade-offs, above all, it is necessary to understand the complicated relationship between transportation and environment clearly before selecting policy alternatives. From this point of view, this study will propose the logic structure to examine the complex interaction of transportation and environment and investigate theoretically what kinds of impact would appear by the air related polices. In this research, we used ’system-dynamics’ which investigates the complexity through the flow of information and materials and the interaction of elements, which constitutes systems. System Dynamics is an approach that the variables to decide structural relationship in a system affect one another not in only-way but in inter-way and the power of influence changes time by time. This research is trying to examine the complex interaction of transportation and air pollution. For achieving this purpose, causal maps in System Dynamics approach were used. The main issues are as follows; first, to investigate the dynamic relationship between transportation and air pollution caused by exhaust emission gas. Second, to structuralize the logic of simulation to experiment the impacts of policies to relieve air pollution.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2009

In previous study, a new allocation methodology of common cost on multi-product have been suggested. The aim of this study is to suggest the methodology that allocates an environment pollution cost including carbon emission cost to each cost of multi-product. For this study, a supposed multi-energy system composed of twenty kinds of systems was made. The multi-energy system produces eighteen kinds of outputs that are electricity, steam, hot water, chilled water, ice, warm air, and cooling air from seven kinds of energy source that are LNG, coil, geothermal energy, sun heat, hydrogen, bio-mass, and waste. The new methodology was applied to the multi-energy system in order to allocate the environment pollution cost to each production cost, and twenty seven equations were induced. From this result, it is concluded that this methodology can estimate each unit cost and allocate each cost flow in any product of any energy system.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2011

The goal of water quality management on stream and watershed is to focus not on discharged loads management but on a water quality management. Discharged loads management is not goal of water quality management but way for perform with total maximum daily loads management. It is necessary to estimate the relation between non-point source with stromwater runoff (NPSSR) and water quality to select a watershed where it is required to manage NPSSR for water quality improvement. To evaluate the effects of NPSSR on stream's water quality, we compare the aspects of water quality in dry and wet seasons using flow duration curve analysis based on flow rate variation data by actual surveying. In this study we attempt to quantify the variation characteristic of water quality and estimate the Inflow characteristic of pollution source with water quality and flow rate monitoring on 10 watersheds. We try to estimate water quality and flow rate by regression analysis and try again regression analysis with each high and low water quality data more than estimations. An analysis of relation between water quality and flow rate of 10 watersheds shows that the water quality of the Nonsan and the Ganggyeong streams had been polluted by NPSSR pollutants. Other eight streams were important point source more than NPSSR. It is wide variation range of $BOD_5$ also high average concentration of $BOD_5$. We have to quantify water quality variation by cv1 in wet season and cv365 in dry season with comparing the estimate of high water quality and low water quality. This method can be used to indicator for water quality variation according to flow rate.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.612-621
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• 2011

The influences of inland pollution sources because of rainfall events on the bacteriological water quality in Geoje Bay, a major shellfish production area in Korea, were investigated. The sanitary status of sea water and shellfish after rainfall events was also evaluated. The flow rates of 13 streams around Geoje Bay showed 6 to 7-fold increases after 15 to 21 mm of rainfall. Peak pollution was observed in the Naegan Stream, the Gandeok Stream and the Seojeong Stream. The calculated impact area of inland pollution sources was 3.1 $km^2$ immediately after 15 mm of rainfall and expanded to 3.5 $km^2$ after 24 hours. These calculations of impacted area matched results from fecal coliform analyses with sea water. The distance between the major pollution source in the bay (the Gandeok Stream) and the station with the worst bacteriological water quality immediately after 15 mm of rainfall, which was below the Korean standard, was 0.8 km in a straight line; this distance increased to 2.0 km after a period of 24 hours. The area impacted by inland pollution sources after a 15 mm rainfall event was wider than after a 21 mm rainfall. Although the flow rate from inland pollution sources was higher, the concentration of fecal coliform in the discharged water was lower after higher rainfall events. These observations corresponded with the results of fecal coliform analyses with sea water samples. According to the evaluation of the influences of inland pollution sources and fecal coliform analyses on sea water and shellfish samples in Geoje Bay, pollutants from inland sources did not reach the boundary line of the shellfish growing area after rainfall events of 15 or 22 mm. The bacteriological water quality of the shellfish growing area in Geoje Bay met the Korean standard and US NSSP requirements for approved shellfish growing areas.