• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.222-227
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• 1994

Effects of field applications of benomyl on Phomopsis seed decay of early soybeans were investigated at Suwon in 1992 and 1993. Pod and immature seed infections were markedly suppressed by benomyl application at the R6 stage whereas the spray at the R7 stage was not as effective as the spray at R6. When compared with unsprayed plots, benomyl spray at R6 resulted in decrease in Phomopsis seed infection by 37.1% and 73.9%, and increased in frequency of seed germination by 1.8% and 8.0% in 1992 and 1993, respectively. The results indicated that only one spray at early R6 could effectively reduce seed infection by Phomopsis spp.and could be adopted in a disease management program for commercial production of healthy soybean seeds.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2003

Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are frequently exposed to unfavorable environments during growing seasons and water is the most important factor limiting for the production system. The purpose of this study was to determine the leaf water potential changes by irrigation, and to evaluate the relationships of leaf water potential, growth and yield in soybeans. Three soybean cultivars, Hwangkeumkong, Shinpaldalkong 2, and Pungsannamulkong, were planted in growth chamber and field with irrigated treatments. Leaf water potential of three soybean cultivars was positively correlated with leaf water content during vegetative and reproductive growth stages in growth chamber and field experiments. Leaf water potentials measured for three soybean cultivars under growth chamber were higher than those of under field conditions. Higher leaf water potential with irrigated plots under field was observed compared to conventional plots during reproductive growth stages. Leaf water potentials of three soybean cultivars were continually decreased during reproductive growth stages under field and there was no significant difference among them. Number of leaves, leaf water content, pod dry weight, number of seeds and seed dry weight with irrigated plots were higher than those of conventional plots. The results of this study suggested that leaf water potential could be used as an important growth indicator during the growing season of soybean plants.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.470-473
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• 2008

A new kidney bean cultivar, "Hwanghyeob 2" was developed for edible pod kidney bean adaptable to Korean cultivation at the National Institute of Crop Science in 2005. "Hwanghyeob 2" was selected from a cross between KLG50073 and KLG50072. It has determinate growth habit, white flower, yellow pod color, oval shape of crossed section of pod at the harvesting time for edible pod. It has white seed coat and middle seed size (20.4 grams per 100 seeds). The average yield of edible pod of "Hwanghyeob 2" was 22.43 M/T per hectare in the yield trials which was carried out at the green house in spring and autumn in 2005. This yield level was 11 percent higher than that of the check cultivar "Kangnangkong 1".

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-64
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the general characteristics of raw okra seeds and the functional components of roasted okra seeds. The number of okra seed per pod was 78 in 'Greensod' and 88 in 'Beny'. The weight of okra seed per pod of 'Greensod' and 'Beny' were 4.4 g and 6.3 g, respectively. Free amino acid contents of the stir-fry and fresh okra seeds were measured as $2.69mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ and $0.31mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$. Total polyphenolic compound content of the stirfry okra seeds was estimated as $12.61mg\;CGA{\cdot}g^{-1}$, compared to $2.54mg\;CGA{\cdot}g^{-1}$ fresh okra seeds, Thus, free amino acid and total polyphenolic compound contents in the stir-fry okra seeds were higher than fresh one, Antioxidant activities, such as DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging in the stir-fry okra seeds was the higher than fresh okra seeds.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.146-153
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• 1985

To investigate the possibility of improvement of seed mustard varieties, these experiments were conducted at Muan in Chonranamdo for three years with five local seed mustard varieties and seeding dates. Local varieties collected from Seoul, Cheju and introduced from Japan showed earlier bolting date while Yungsanpo and Suweon varieties bolted later and Suweon variety exhibited the latest maturity. Suweon variety had the shortest plant height with higher number of grains per pod. Seoul and Yungsanpo varieties had more total branch numbers than others. There was no varietal difference in grain weight, pod length and one liter weight. Grain yield per 10a was highest in Seoul variety by 247.5kg. Late seeding date delayed the bolting and flowering date while plant height, total branch numbers, pod numbers per ear and grain number per pod were decreased. The magnitude of varietal response to seeding date was varied greatly with traits. Grain weights per liter, 1,000 grain weight, pod lengths, oil contents, and fatty acid compositions were not affected by the different seeding dates.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to clarify the functions of supernodulating characters on seed yield determination through the comparison of agricultural traits of supernodulating soybean mutants, Sakukei4, SS2-2, and their parent cultivars, Enrei and Shinpaldalkong2. The plant dry weights of supernodulating mutants, Sakukei4 and SS2-2, were $52\%$ and $61\%$ of their wild type parents at full seed stage (R6). However, the relative growth rate (RGR) from the pod set stage (R3) to R6 of Sakukei4 was 0.022 g/g/day and that of SS2-2 was 0.016 g/g/day, which were higher than those of their parents. Nodule number and dry weight were increased in two supernodulating mutants by the R6 stage. The nitrogen concentrations of leaf, petiole and stem of Sakukei4 were higher than those of Enrei. SS2-2 showed higher nitrogen concentration in petiole than Shinpaldalkong2 had. The positive correlations were appeared between nodule dry weight, plant dry weight and pod number, in two supernodulating mutants during the period from R3 to R6 stage. Although all of the yield components and seed yield were lower in two supernodulating mutants than their parents at the stage of full maturity (R8), the harvest index was higher in supernodulating mutants. The increasing rates of pod number to stem dry weight in two supernodulating mutants showed the higher than those of two their parents at R8 stage. In conclusion, the relative growth rates during the early to the middle reproductive growth period were higher in supernodulating mutants than the wild types. This could be resulted in an increase in pod number. The increase of relative growth rate was the result of the successive supplement of nitrogen source from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of nodules during the middle reproductive growth period in supernodulating mutants.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.466-469
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• 2008

A new kidney bean cultivar, "Hwanghyeob 1" was developed at the National Institute of Crop Science in 2005. "Hwanghyeob 1" was selected from a cross between KLG50064 and KLG50073. It has determinate growth habit, white flower, yellow pod color, oval shape of crossed section of pod at the harvesting time for edible pod, white seed coat and middle seed size (21.7 grams per 100 seeds). The average yield of edible pod of "Hwanghyeob 1" was 23.55 M/T per hectare in the yield trials which was carried out at the green house in spring and autumn in 2005. This yield level was 4 percent higher than that of the check cultivar "Kangnangkong 1".

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.526-530
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• 1998

The effect of field sanitation using ecological characters of the pathogen was investigated for controlling Phomopsis seed decay in soybean. Field sanitation which was eliminated the inoculum by removing host debris, abscised petioles and cotyledones out of field, reduced remarkably infection percentage of pods and seeds by Phomopsis spp. as compared to the inoculated field. Neverthless, seed infection was 28.7% in the sanitized field. The fields sanitized by benlate application around the soybean plants also decreased seed infection with Phomopsis spp. Total seed infection including that with miscellaneous pathogens occurred as much as 75∼79% to the no application and their control values were 34∼42% over the routine application schedule. Even though it was not satisfactory, field sanitation seemed to be effective in controlling Phomopsis seed decay when infection pressure was low level. Diaporthe phseolorum va. sojae, D. phaseolorum var. caulivora and Phomopsis longicolla were mostly identified from soybean seeds and Colletotrichum truncatum, Cercospora kikuchiana were also isolated in sequence. Field sanitation did not significantly increase in soybean yield over the no application, while routine application schedule did in field.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.81-85
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• 1980

Field experiment was conducted to determine the optimum harvesting time in winter rape (Brassica napus L.) by investigating the percent oil, 1, 000 seed weight, seed yield, dehiscent pod ratio and oil yield at 46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66 and 70 days after flowering. Variation of all characters with days after flowering could be explained significantly by second degree polynomial equations. Percent oil and 1, 000 seed weight increased until 62 days after flowering and thereafter these traits decreased, while seed yield increased to 58 days after flowering and thereafter this trait decreased. This controversy was due to the drastic increase in dehiscent pods beyond 58 days after flowering which brought loss in seed yield. These results suggest that optimum harvesting time is 58 days after flowering and it should not be later than 60 days after flowering.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.277-281
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• 2000

Fifty-four Korean native and 28 foreign varieties harvested in 1998 and 1999 were examined for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities. The SOD and POD activities of leaves extracts in Korean native and foreign rice varieties showed variation at the heading stage. The activities of SOD and POD changed with growth stage. In comparison of storage duration, the SOD and POD activities of the extract from three months stored seeds in Korean native (CV=53.3%) and foreign rice (CV=57.9%) varieties were higher than that of stored rices for a year in seed extracts although the activities among varieties did not show significant variation. Also, the averaged activity of foreign rice varieties (SOD=12.9%) was relatively higher than that of korean native rice varieties (SOD=10.7%). The test of activity at the enzymatic level related to antioxidative activity suggests that the rice varieties with higher antioxidative potentials can be developed and also may provide information with rice breeder to breed rice variety with a high antioxidative activity.