• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 1986

In order to investigate the effect of riboflavin on cholesterol and MLHP (methyl linoleate hydroperoxide) -induced fatty liver electron microscopically, riboflavin was given to rate receiving high cholestero and MLHP diet for 4 weeks, 8 week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated diets daily, as following group ; usual diet (control ), riboflavin 910 ug/20gm BW), cholesterol (50mg/gm BW), MLHP(0.1ml/20gm BW), cholesterol plus MLHP, cholesterol plus riboflavin, cholesterol plus MLHP plus riboflavin, by means of intubation into the stomach for 4 weeks. Each group consisted of 10 rats, The liver of the animals were examined ultrstructurally by transmission electronmicroscope. The results wee as follows ; 1) The three group including cholesterol, MLHP, cholesterol plus MLHP feeding resulted in fatty liver. 2) The main finding of the fatty liver were swelling and vacuolation of mitochondria, a lot of lipid droplets, disarrangements and loss of rough endoplamic reticulums. 3) the most striking features in the group of cholesterol plus riboflavin, cholesterol plus MLHP plus riboflavin feeding were decrease of size and number of lipid droplets, mitochondrial swelling and vesiculation, with restortion of rough endoplasmic retriculums. It is postulated with above findings that riboflavin was effective in prevention of cholesterol and MLHP -induced fatty liver.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.99-110
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• 2022

This study attempted to develop a bodice prototype that is the basis for the production of upper body clothing for 20s plus-size women who have distinct characteristics from women with general body types. Through this, it was intended to provide basic data necessary for the development of plus-size women's clothing, which is revitalizing the market due to the increase in the obese population. Through the first evaluation of appearance and abdominal pressure, patterns such as moving the side neck, adding the amount of armhole dart, and adding the amount of sagging were modified. Through the second evaluation, corrections such as vertical side lines, reduction of the neck of the back center line, and adding the amount of armhole darts were performed. Through the third evaluation, the final pattern drafting method was developed by vertically modifying the side line and adding the amount of back armhole darts. In the case of 20s plus-size female body types, a drafting method distinguished from the general body type was required in the method of setting the side and hem due to the protrusion of the abdomen. This study can be said to be meaningful in that it proposed a bodice prototype drafting method suitable for the body type of 20s plus-size women. In the follow-up study, it is thought that the wearability should be evaluated through actual garment wearing.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.17-29
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• 2023

This study collected and analyzed reference information on the size labeling method and size of clothing products in 13 online shopping malls for plus size women in their 20s and 30s, and compared the size specification information focusing on jeans. First, in the results of examining the method of clothing size designation, clothing sizes indicated by 1, 2, 3 or physique designation (M, L, XL) differed between shopping malls, and even in the same shopping mall, even if the same size notation was used. Most the clothing sizes were different depending on the type of clothing. For bottoms, it was found that one company used seven size designation methods at the same time, two shopping malls used four size designation methods, and five shopping malls used three size designation methods. In the meantime, in the results of comparing the size specifications of jeans XL (size 88, 32 inches) by product part, for waist and hip circumferences, each of the eight companies showed that the size was smaller than the body size suggested by KS adult women's wear.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.203-215
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate current garment sizes of women's formal jackets, targeting plus-size women in online shopping malls, and to identify effective size information involved in online apparel purchase behaviors to overcome the short comings of current garment sizes from the perspectives of consumers. Basic 88 size formal jackets from the seven companies found on the 22 websites were collected and analyzed. The data were collected from March to October 2007, and analyzed using SPSS 14.0. The results were summarized as follows. First, there was no website using standard garment size labeling with 'bust-hip-height' set up by KS K 0051 among the 22 websites. Instead, all 22 websites used garment size labeling with figures such as 88, 99, 100, 110, and 120 or with letters such as L, XL, and XXL. The websites presented no body size, but listed garment size. Furthermore, the size information was presented differently, ranging from three items of bust circumference, upper arm length, and jacket length to six items of shoulder width, bust circumference, waist circumference, sleeve width, sleeve length, and jacket length. In addition, no website presented basic information for hip circumference, despite the jacket length covering the hips. Second, a total of 85.7% the websites listed bust circumferences in 88 garment sizes collected as 100cm. Shoulder widths were presented as 39cm or 37cm. Sleeve circumferences were addressed the same, 36cm, in all websites. Third, comparing the differences between guidance sizes and measurement sizes, only 28.5% of the web sites posted guidance sizes of shoulder widths the same as those of the measurement sizes. All web sites presented guidance sizes of bust circumstances as 1 to 5cm smaller than those of the measurement sizes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.10 s.212
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• pp.179-190
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to apply the three dimensional Replica method to the fabrication of dress forms of plus-sized women to attain proper ease through draping and based on the ease to develop good torso patterns with superior fit. The results were as follows. The physical characteristics of the dress forms of plus-sized women were divided into two: Types I and 11. The proper ease was calculated through draping using dummies of each somatotype and appropriate torso patterns were developed. The differences of the types for each pattern were as follows. The bust girth ease of Type II was 6cm as for Type I. As for the bust breadth 1.0cm was added to the anterior chest width, the armpit width was the actual measurement plus 0.5cm, and the back breadth was the posterior chest width plus 2.5cm. The bust breadth was smaller and the back breadth was bigger that those of Type I after improving the bust and back fit. The bust of Type I protrudes outwards relatively and so the shoulder dart of front-side of Type I was 1.2cm bigger than that of Type II which improved the bust region fit. Considering the characteristics of the protruding abdominal region the front- side waistline of type II was assigned W/4+3.5cm and the back-side waistline W/4cm, so that the sidelines divided the front and back properly. It was drafted so that the center-front became diagonal, thereby improving the middle-hip girth fit.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.94-101
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• 2020

This helps plus-size consumers purchase ready-made clothes and improves fitness by analyzing the upper body shapes of abdomen-obese adult males; in addition, it creates a size system based on each size interval of obesity shapes. The criteria for the 572 male subjects surveyed were over 25 kg/㎡ of the BMI, over 90 cm of waist, and over 0.85 waist hip ratio. The results were as follows. First, the higher the age group, the higher the degree of abdominal obesity in each age group. The degree of obesity decreases age increase; however, was the risk of abdominal obesity increased. Second, Compared to standard body types, the average body size of Abdomen-obese males is significantly larger, especially in the waist area than in the chest area. Third, to propose a size system for abdominal obese adult males, 16 sections with a final 2% rate of appearance were finally adopted as suit-tops size system for abdominal obese adult males by applying a 3 cm dimension gap between each designation as specified in the KS standard. The coverage ratio for the 16 sections was 72.6% and the coverage effienciency was 4.5%. The results of this study can be used in a various clothes; in addition, the activation and segmentation of the plus-size market are also believed to be significant.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.171-180
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• 2014

Since the execution of structural design by professional structural engineers is not mandatory for small-size buildings in Korea, structural design is conducted by architects or contractors resulting in concern about the seismic safety of the buildings. Therefore, the Korean Structural Engineers Association proposed dedicated structural design criteria in 2012. The criteria were developed based on a deterministic approach in which the structural members are designed only with information of story and span length of the buildings and without structural analyses. However, due to the short time devoted to their development, these criteria miss satisfactory basis and do not deal with structural walls popularly used in Korea. Accordingly, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport launched a research on the 'development of structural performance enhancement technologies for small-size buildings against earthquakes and climate changes'.. As part of this research, this paper intends to establish direction for the preparation of deterministic structural design guidelines for seismic safety of domestic small-size reinforced concrete buildings. To that goal, a typical plan of these buildings is selected considering frames only and frames plus walls, and then design is conducted by changing the number of stories and span length. Next, the seismic performance is analyzed by nonlinear static pushover analysis. The results show that the structural design guidelines should be developed by classifying frames only and frames plus walls. The size and reinforcement of structural elements should be provided in the middle level of the current Korean Building Code and criteria for small buildings by considering story and span length for buildings with frames only, and determined by considering the shape and location of walls and the story and span length as well for buildings with frames plus walls. It is recommended that the design of walls should be conducted by reducing the amount of walls along with symmetrically located walls.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1262-1272
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• 2009

The study is classifies the figures of obese women aged 20-50 with an over 25 BMI from the data of the fifth Size Korea in 2005. As the result of conducting the factor analysis for segmenting the shape, Factor 1, Factor 2, Factor 3, and Factor 4 are respectively derived as the factor on a volume, the factor on the size of the vertical direction, the factor on the shoulder region, and the factor on the body length balance. As the result of conducting the cluster analysis using 4 factors (scores extracted from the analysis of factor analysis) the body type of obese women was classified into four types. The name of shape was specified by combining 'P' (an abbreviation of petite) that indicated the height (smaller than 155cm) among the height names of KS standard, 'R' (abbreviation of regular) that indicated the height (155cm-165cm) and the body characteristics. Type 1 had the longest length, and normal circumference, thickness, and width but with the developed shoulder. Type 1 was classified as a robust, 'Plus-RH'. Type 2 had the middle height, the shortest length of the upper part, a relatively-long length of the lower part of body. Type 2 shows the characteristics of a small body that was classified as 'Plus-PI'. The most obese body was Type 3 that had the normal length and shoulder size but showed the longest length of the upper part of the body; it was classified as 'Plus-PO'. Type 4 as the small shape had a potbelly and showed the characteristics of the shortest body classified as 'Plus-Pb'.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.2155-2161
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• 2015

This study suggests an optical method to measure cardinal of gait (step width, step length, and stride length) with position sensitive detector (PSD). The effect of reflector’s shape (flat and cylinder) on the PSD output voltage was examined for the application of the suggested system to real situations with a curved shape reflector (e.g. shoes). Various mathematical models were evaluated to find the optimal equation for the distance measurement. Considering the effect of shape on detected signal, the inverse polynomial model was developed. The suggested method is simple to operate, low in cost, small in size, and can evaluate gait parameters in real time. This method is expected to be useful in the field of rehabilitation and sport science

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.248-252
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• 2019

Tracheal collapse is a common respiratory disease in dogs. There are many ways to treat tracheal collapse, one of which is the use of an intraluminal stent. In this study, we divided 21 dogs into two groups and implant conventional stents and new nitinol stents. Comparison of two groups was based on following, feature of stent fracture, form of stent migration, clinical sign improvement, complication and prognosis. Approaching was established via C-arm under spontaneous breathing and placing a stent at the site of collapse. Using radiographic images, determine stent size accurately. For a comparison of identical condition, all intraluminal stents were placed 10 mm caudal from larynx to 10 mm cranial from carina. In this study, new nitinol stents improve the problems of conventional stents and may be effective in the treatment of tracheal collapse in small dogs.