• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2018

In the satellite operation phase, a ground station should continuously monitor the status of the satellite and sends out a tasking order, and a satellite should transmit data acquired in the space to the Earth. Therefore, the communication between the satellites and the ground stations is essential. However, a satellite and a ground station located in a specific region on Earth can be connected for a limited time because the satellite is continuously orbiting the Earth, and the communication between satellites and ground stations is only possible on a one-to-one basis. That is, one satellite can not communicate with plural ground stations, and one ground station can communicate with plural satellites concurrently. For such reasons, the efficiency of the communication schedule directly affects the utilization of the satellites. Thus, in this research, considering aforementioned unique situations of spacial communication, the mixed integer programming (MIP) model for the optimal communication planning between multiple satellites and multiple ground stations (MS-MG) is proposed. Furthermore, some numerical experiments are performed to verify and validate the mathematical model. The practical example for them is constructed based on the information of existing satellites and ground stations. The communicable time slots between them were obtained by STK (System Tool Kit), which is a well known professional software for space flight simulation. In the MIP model for the MS-MG problems, the objective function is also considered the minimization of communication cost, and ILOG CPLEX software searches the optimal schedule. Furthermore, it is confirmed that this study can be applied to the location selection of the ground stations.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.1-29
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• 2004

This paper aims to understand the points which the Board of Directors of the National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives System has proposed, and to find some improvement. This Fisheries Cooperatives previously had a single board system operating two small board rooms which became independent within the two sectors of credit and .provision in addition to the existing board of directors. This is a very unique board of directors system which is not found in cooperatives in our country nor in the business world. This change of the board of directors of the Fisheries Cooperatives is ascribed to the reorganization of the system into a completely independent division system, which operates business separately based on each sector as opposed to the previous multiple cooperatives system. However, a plural board of directors system does contribute to the improvement of managerial efficiency by strengthening the self-control of each independent business section, but deepens conflicts between its internal organizations, and brings about a reverse function which might deteriorate both the controlling power of a systematic organization and the coordinating power between sectors. This paper made an analysis of acceptors' attitudes toward the board of directors of the fisheries cooperatives system by regulating all the staff directly related to the operation of the board of directors of the fisheries cooperatives system as a group of acceptors and by selecting one hundred and fifty persons among the staff as a sample. The inquiry into acceptors' attitudes was made using questionaries, and the data for this investigation was processed and analyzed using a statistical method. The contents of this paper are composed of I. an introduction, II. the findings of the questionary investigation, III. the overall opinion for the improvement of the board of directors system, and IV. a summary and conclusion.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.321-347
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• 2002

The Russian language uses more words that imply collectivism than Western Indo-European languages. In Korean, the first-person plural pronouns are used more often than in Western languages. In this respect, Russian seems to stand closer to the latter, although typologically it belongs to the Indo-European family. The predominance of 'we' over 'I,' which took place in the history of the Russian language, had something to do with the Russian commune and the ecclesiastical and spiritual concept of 'sobornost' (equation omitted). A similarity between the Russian and the Korean nations lies in a collective way of life as compared to Western nations. The Russian concepts of (equation omitted) and (equation omitted) ('commune') have direct analogues in the Korean language. In all societies a commune involves a certain sense of collectivity, or spiritual unity of the people - 'sobornost' (equation omitted). Korean collectivity is more familial and moral in character, whereas Russian 'sobornost' is more spiritual. This has its direct reflection in Korean and Russian languages. One can say that a sort of a family version of Russian 'sobornost' takes place in Korean society.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.23-34
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• 2008

This paper reviews the relationships between diverse ecological design strategies and competing conceptions of ecological approach in place making. It focuses conceptual trends of what we categorize a building "green" and outlines a social constructive perspective on the development of sustainable architecture. This study classifies seven logics of ecological design-eco-technical, eco-aesthetical, eco-social, eco-medical, eco-renewable, eco-cultural, eco-central - which have their roots in competing philosophies of environmentalism. In my analysis of the logics concerning sustainable architecture, the adapted and incorporated technology from high-tech to low-tech levels is a key issue. These points lead us to propose a way that each logic configures the technological approaches and alternative visions of sustainable places. This paper discusses the implications of the competent nature of plural ecological design perspectives for architectural education, practice, and researches.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.2843-2846
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• 2003

This paper proposes a PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) circuit using CMOS OTA with a single-voltage supply. The OTA employed has an input stage which consists of a pair of two MOSFETs operating in plural operation regions. The MOSFETs work complemetarily and realize a rail-to-rail input range. The input stage requires no matching of an n-channel type input circuit and a p-channel type input circuit unlike conventional rail-to-rail input stages because the input stage is realized by single channel type MOSFETs. In order to confirm the validity of the proposed circuit, it is simulated by H-SPICE program. Futhermore, the proposed circuit will be integrated on chip using 0.35 $\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.439-442
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• 2000

When we measure the acoustical properties of a room using multiple microphone system, it is important to grasp exact time delay of the early reflections from impulse response pair. But it is often very difficult to identify the early reflections in natural shape, because a waveform may be deformed due to the characteristics of a sound source loudspeaker, microphone and reflected wall and overlapping of plural waveform. In this paper to obtain more accurate and enough early reflections, we propose the brand-new five-channel sound receiving system and introduce peak-detecting algorithm. The system has microphones mounted at the origin and four points of a regular tetrahedron. The newly introduced peak-detecting algorithm can show exact peak position in each channel, in spite of deformation due to reflected walls, loudspeaker and microphone.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.75-89
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• 2018

This paper presents the numerical valuation of the arithmetic Asian option by using the operator-splitting method (OSM). Since there is no closed-form solution for the arithmetic Asian option, finding a good numerical algorithm to value the arithmetic Asian option is important. In this paper, we focus on a two-dimensional PDE. The OSM is famous for dealing with plural-dimensional PDE using finite difference discretization. We provide a detailed numerical algorithm and compare results with MCS method to show the performance of the method.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.149-158
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual conditions of illumination circumstances in living rooms and the evaluation of residents about those. The respondents of this study were residents of 236 detached houses and 163 apartment houses in Taegu city, The results are as follows: (1) Fluorescent lamps are usded in living rooms by half and plural lighting fixtures are generally used; ceiling light and chandelier. While direct light system is generally used and core type is the most frequent in living rooms. (2) The average used illumination level is 59.7 1x while the possession illumination level is 84.9 1x by investigating of illumination circumstances. (3) Over half of residents are satisfied with illumination circumstances in their own houses. While they wish to improve the lighting fixtures lightness and the kind of light soure in order. And the evaluation of residents are medial level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.489-494
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• 1998

This paper describes a design of graphical user interface for a simulated breeding tool with multifield. The term field is used here as a population of visualized individuals that are candidates of selection. Multi-field interface enables the user to breed his/her favorite phenotypes by selection independently in each field, and he/she can copy arbitrary individual into another field. As known on genetic algorithms, a small population likely leads to premature convergence trapped by a local optimum, and migration among plural populations is useful to escape from local optimum. The multi-field user interface provides easy implementation of migration and wider diversity. We show the usefulness of multi-field user interface through an example of a breeding system of 2D CG images.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.167-176
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• 1998

The modern contains many problems that cannot be solved by the reductionism based on western natual science. Up until now, it has been formed determinism over the basis of empiricism or rationalism, this can be called a mechanical view of the world. In the field of natural science since 20C, however, raised the standard of revolt in traditional determinism, plural theory headed up. Consequently, in the name of post modernity, western reason became to deconstruct, further, new theory came to need. This new paradigm also affected design, and was studied to overcome the limitation of modern design.