• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.489-494
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• 2001

Pneumonia is the disease caused by inflammation of lung parenchyma. Major symptoms of pneumonia are fever, cough, etc and consolidation is seen in chest x-ray. When pleurisy gets in complication of pneumonia, pleural effusion occurs. Also chest pain occurs by pleurisy. Gyulhyung is the disease of which major symptom is chest pain. Sugyulhyung from in Gyulhyung, the water sound is audible from the flank side the fact that as Sugyulhyung. Symptom of Gyulhyung is similar to that of pneumonia. We diagnosed this case as Gyulhyung and administrated Banhabogryeongtang to patient. As result, there is remarkable Improvement in symptom and chest x-ray.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.282-285
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• 2018

A 7 years old, male, Afghan hound (case 1) and a 10 years old, castrated male, Pekingese (case 2) were referred with dyspnea. In case 1, thoracic radiographs showed moderate amount of pleural effusion and lobar sign in the left cranial lung lobe. Following computed tomographic (CT) examination, lung lobe torsion in left cranial lung lobe was diagnosed. In case 2, thoracic radiographs showed increased cranial lobar opacity but there was no evidence of pleural effusion. CT examination revealed an abrupt ending bronchus in the left cranial lung lobe. Based on the imaging diagnosis, left cranial lung lobectomy was performed in both cases. Case 1 showed increased lobar opacity and pleural effusion, while case 2 just showed less concrete evidence of lung lobe torsion on thoracic radiographs and marked severe chronic suppurative pneumonia was histopathologically confirmed. In conclusion, CT could be an important modality when atypical lung disease is suspicious.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.308-313
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• 2023

A 1-year-old castrated male Korean Shorthair cat presented with dyspnea, anorexia, lethargy, and seizures. Physical examination revealed salivation, right forelimb hemiparesis, and rapid breathing. No abnormalities were detected on auscultation. Laboratory findings revealed increased levels of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), globulin, glucose, and a decreased albumin-to-globulin (A:G) ratio. Both N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and feline serum amyloid A (fSAA) levels were significantly elevated. Thoracic radiography revealed mild cardiomegaly and diffuse increased interstitial infiltration with soft tissue opacity in the periphery of the right caudal pleural space. Echocardiography and lung ultrasonography were performed to investigate the cause of mild cardiomegaly and soft tissue opacity in the pleural space. Echocardiography revealed a mild amount of echogenic pericardial effusion, and lung ultrasonography showed an echogenic soft tissue mass with no blood signal in the right caudal pleural space, suggestive of a granulomatous lesion. After obtaining 5 mL of pericardial fluid through pericardiocentesis, cytology of the pericardial effusion sample revealed marked neutrophils and macrophages with no bacteria. IDEXX feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the presence of the FIP virus biotype in the sample. This case presents a rarely reported atypical mixed form of FIP in a cat diagnosed ante-mortem using pericardial effusion analysis. In this case, ultrasound examination played a crucial role in the definitive diagnosis of FIP by PCR biotyping through pericardiocentesis. Ultrasonography can be highly beneficial in guiding the diagnosis and evaluation of cats with suspected FIP.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.72 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2012

Microscopic polyangiitis is a necrotizing vasculitis, characterized by inflammation of small vessels (capillaries, venules, and arterioles) with few or no immune deposits. The kidneys are the most commonly affected organs and are involved in 90% of patients, whereas pulmonary involvement occurs in a minority of cases (10% to 30%). In cases of lung disease, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage with pulmonary capillaritis is the most common manifestation. Microscopic polyangiitis is strongly associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody, which is a useful diagnostic serological marker. We report a case of microscopic polyangiitis presented as pleural effusion in a 67-year-old female. Pleural effusions have been reported in some cases previously, but the number of cases were small and their characteristics have not been well described. This report describes characteristic findings of pleural fluid and its histological features in a case of microscopic polyangiitis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.258-264
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• 2001

A 26-year-old man with a one-year history of asthma and sinusitis presented with bilateral pleural effusions, patch basilar infiltrates on a chest x-ray and a pericardial effusion on an echocardiogram. The peripheral blood showed marked eosinophilia. An obstructive pattern was also observed during the pulmonary fuction test, which was responsive to bronchodilator inhalation. Nerve conduction studies showed right sural neuropathy. Thoracentesis yielded an acidotic exudative effusion with low glucose, low $C_3$ and eosinophilia. An open lung biopsy revealed an eosinophilic interstitial pneumonitis associated with a necrotizing eosinophilic vasculitis, and granulomatous inflammation foci. In the literature, pleural effusions were reported in 29 percent of Churg-Strauss patients, but the number of effusions was low and their characteristics have not been well described. This report describes the characteristic findings of pleural fluid and its histologic features in a case of classical Churg-Strauss syndrome.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.786-791
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• 1996

Systemic sclerosis is a multisystemic disease of unknown origin charicterized by degenerative fibrotic and inflammatory changes in the skin, vessels, joints, muscles, and visceral organs. Involvement of the lung in systemic sclerosis is common, but pleural effusion is rare. Although vasculitis commonly accompanies many connective tissue disorders, it has been rarely reported in systemic sclerosis. A 43-year-old woman, with a 10-year history of Raynaud's phenomenon, was admitted due to right chest pain. Her hands showed diffuse thickening and swelling of skin. Chest X-ray showed pleural effusions and esophageal manometry showed hypotonic peristalsis and low lower esophageal sphincter tone compatible with scleroderma esophagus. Antinuclear antibodies were present (titer>1 : 160) with a speckled pattern. She was positive for rheumatoid factor, anti scl-70 and RNP antibodies, but negative for anti-Ro, La, and Sm antibodies. Histology of the pleura revealed the presence of leukocytoclastic vasculiti. After adminisrration of prednisolone 30 mg/day, her chest symptom was improved. We report a case of systemic sclerosis with pleural effusions due to leukocytoclastic vasculitis with review of the literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1049-1053
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• 1995

Although neoplastic involvement of the pericardium is frequently present postmortem, cardiac manifestations before death are uncommon, and cardiac tamponade as the initial presentation of cancer is rare. We are presenting a metastatic pericardial tumor with cardiac tamponade of unknown primary neoplasm. The patient brought to hospital in a state of unconscious. The chest x-ray film showed cardiomegaly with a globular heart shape and right pleural effusion. We underwent an anterior thoracotomy and pericardial window was created. The histopathologic finding of pericardium, pleural and pericardial effusion show a metastatic adenocarcinoma. The patient subsequently received adjuvent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but he expired on the postoperative 132 day.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.223-225
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• 2013

Chest draining is a common procedure for treating pleural effusion. Perforation of the heart is a rare often fatal complication of chest drain insertion. We report a case of a 76-year-old female patient suffering from congestive heart failure. At presentation, unilateral opacity of the left chest observed on a chest X-ray was interpreted as massive pleural effusion, so an attempt was made to drain the left pleural space. Malposition of the chest drain was suspected because blood was draining in a pulsatile way from the catheter. Computed tomography revealed perforation of the left ventricle. Mini-thoracotomy was performed and the drain extracted successfully.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.153-156
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• 1994

Massive hydrothorax complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is relatively rare. A 67-year-old male and a 23-year-old female patients during CAPD presented massive pleural effusion. They have been performing peritoneal dialysis due to end-stage renal disease for 8 months and 2 weeks respectively. We injected $^{99m}Tc$-labelled radiopharmaceutiral (phytate and MAA, respectively) into peritoneal cavity with the dialysate. The anterior, posterior and right lateral images were obtained. The studies reveal visible radioactivity in the right chest indicating the communication between the peritoneal and the pleural space. After sclerotherapy with tetracycline, the same studies reveal no radioactivity in the right chest suggesting successful therapy. We think nuclear imaging is a simple and noninvasive method for the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion in patients during CAPD and the evaluation of therapy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.554-558
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• 1992

A 38 years old man had been treated as a pulmonary tuberculosis by the positive result of acid fast stain of bronchial washing from the focal infiltrative lesion at left lower lobe. On radiologic examination after one year treatment, there was an aggravation of lesion at left lower lobe with moderate amount of pleural effusion at the same side. After 11 weeks, follow up chest film disclosed bilateral pleural effusion. The pleural fluid of both side was pus in gross appearance with low pH, high LDH, low glucose and high protein. Pleurodectomy was performed to remove the loculated empyema with the thickened pleura of right thorax. This pleuro-pulmonary lesion can be easily misdiagnosed as a tuberculous lesion if it is not taken into consideration as a possible diagnosis.