• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2009

Streaming Technology can support the real-time playback without downloading and storing multimedia data in local HDD. So, client browser or plug-in can represent multimedia data before the end of file transmission using streaming technology. Recently, the demand for efficient real-time playback and transmission of large amounts of multimedia data is growing rapidly. But most users' connections over network are not fast and stable enough to download large chunks of multimedia data. In this paper, we propose an intelligent IP streaming system based on personalized media service. The proposed IP streaming system enables users to get an intelligent recommendation of multimedia contents based on the user preference information stored on the streaming server or the home media server. The supposed intelligent IP streaming system consists of Server Metadata Agent, Pumping Server, Contents Storage Server, Client Metadata Agent and Streaming Player. And in order to implement the personalized media service, the user information, user preference information and client device information are managed under database concept. Moreover, users are assured of seamless access of streamed content event if they switch to another client device by implementing streaming system based on user identification and device information. We evaluate our approach with manufacturing home server system and simulation results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.322-324
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• 2003

MMORPG(Massively Multi-player Online Role Playing Games)와 같은 클라이언트-서버 기반의 대규모 온라인 게임은 정보 전송을 위한 많은 메시지들을 정의하여 사용한다. 그러나 게임의 기획이나 내용 및 기타 게임 요소들이 변경되면 개발자들은 메시지를 추가하거나 변경하는 문서를 작성해야 하고 작성된 문서에 근거하여 프로그램의 수정작업을 수행해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 대규모 온라인 게임의 내용확장성으로 인해 지속적으로 반복되는 메시지의 추가 및 변경 작업을 용이하게 해주는 XML 기반의 메시지 정의 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 메시지 정의에 있어서 데이터의 구조 표현과 내용 표현이 동시에 가능한 XML을 이용했으므로 다양한 형식 (format)의 메시지를 정의할 수 있으며, 대규모 온라인 게임뿐만 아니라 클라이언트-서버 기반의 일반 통신 응용 프로그램에도 사용할 수 있다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.5C
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• pp.493-505
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• 2003

A new inter-client synchronization framework for multicast media streaming is proposed employing a server-client coordinated adaptive playout control. The proposed adaptive player controls the playback speed of audio and video by adopting the time-scale modification of audio. Based on the overall synchronization status as well as the buffer occupancy level, the playout speed of each client is manipulated within a perceptually tolerable range. Additionally, the server implicitly helps increasing the time available for retransmission while the clients perform an interactive error recovery mechanism with the assistance of playout control. The network-simulator based simulations show that the proposed framework can reduce the playout discontinuity without degrading the media quality, and thus mitigate the client heterogeneity.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.15-24
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• 2010

Web-based MMORTS has features that distinguish it from traditional client-based games. First, Web-based MMORTS is represented by the combination of graphics and texts. Second, there is parallax agent which has a player and a base town character. This paper written for the purpose of analyzing the storytelling of web-based MMORTS, and from Innogames selected as the subjects of the study. In view of the results so far achieved, the fact, when the player logs in web-based MMORTS, the player takes the experience after some time which had taken by the AI character instead of the player logged out and User Generated Storytelling created from this process, become known. This paper has a meaning for Web-based virtual world which can juxtaposition with routine tasks and can be linked with other platforms.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.147-168
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• 2017

We investigated perceptual similarity and the difference between client and vendor in information technology (IT) outsourcing projects. Specifically, we focused on each player's perception of how the fit of governance and peripheral knowledge affects the performance of IT project outsourcing. For 107 IT projects, we surveyed both client and vendor in the same IT projects and compared the responses of each side. Through a dyadic analysis, we first found that both client and vendor put more weight on the vendor's peripheral knowledge than that of the client as a positive influencer of project performance. However, regarding the governance style of an IT project, client and vendor showed completely different perspectives. The client believed that the vendor's peripheral knowledge positively contributes to the performance of IT project under the governance of outcome control. However, the vendor showed that its peripheral knowledge creates synergy effects under the governance of process control. Our interpretation of the perceptual similarity and difference between client and vendor delivers managerial implications for businesses that process IT projects.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.99-106
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose subregion-based area of interest management techniques for MMORPG(massively multiplayer online role playing games) integrating P2P(peer-to-peer) networking and cloud computing. For the crowded region, the proposed techniques partition it into several subregions and assign a player to manage each subregion as a coordinator. These techniques include a load balancing mechanism which regulates communication and computation overhead of such player below the specified threshold. We also provide a mechanism for satisfying the criterion, where subregions overlapped with each player's view must be switched quickly and seamlessly as the view moves around in the game world. In the proposed techniques where an efficient provisioning of resources is realized, they relieve a lot of computational power and network traffic, the load on the servers in the cloud by exploiting the capacity of the players effectively. Simulation results show that the MMORPG based on cloud and P2P architecture can reduce the considerable bandwidth at the server compared to the client server architecture as the available resources grow with the number of players in crowding or hotspots.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.216-219
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• 2004

Construction clients are the key player in that they initiate construction projects and are in a position to influence the efficiency and productivity of the projects. Construction projects by nature require team-working so clients's leadership is the crux of project success. The objective of this paper is to suggest characteristics of construction clients' leadership in terms of best practice based on the analysis of project success cases. Four key elements of construction clients' leadership are identified and best practice from the case studies were related to the elements.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2008

This paper measures and compares the traffic of a series of Massively Multi-player On-line Role Playing Game (MMORPG). The purpose of this analysis is to characterize the MMORPG traffic and compare the traffic characteristics of those games caused by the game structure difference between 2D and 3D environment. The target game is 'Lineage I' and 'Lineage II' which represent world's largest MMORPGs in terms of the number of concurrent users. We collect about 280 giga bytes and 1 tera bytes of packet headers, respectively. We compare packet size, packet inter-arrival time and bandwidth usage of these two games. The MMORPG traffic consists of two kinds of packets: client-generated upstream packets and server-generated downstream packets. We observe that the upstream packet size of payload has grown from 9 bytes to 19 bytes, while the average payload size of downstream packets has grown from 37 bytes to 318 bytes. This asymmetry of growing rate is caused by 3D game structure. Packet inter-arrival time becomes shorter from average 2 milliseconds to 58 microseconds. Bandwidth consumption per client has grown from 4 kbps to 20 kbps. We find that there is a linear relationship between the number of users and the bandwidth usage in both case.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.123-130
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• 2018

Many massively multiplayer online games(MMOG) use client-server architectures that have enormous server-side bandwidth requirements. In this paper, we propose a region-based hybrid game architecture that combines the advantages of client-server and peer-to-peer architectures, so that only critical events changing game state are processed by the server. In this hybrid architecture, the central server divides the game into regions and assigns a player as a regional server to distribute important updates for that region. Thus, the central server sends state updates to the players through the regional servers. All players in the same region directly exchange updates without affecting game state. This division of labor greatly reduces server bandwidth significantly and enables it to serve larger number of concurrent players. Our experiments show that the region-based hybrid architecture with three-level hierarchy scales better than the client-server architecture, saving considerable bandwidth at the central server while requiring enough bandwidth of players acting as regional servers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.799-801
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• 2005

There have been many streaming servers that provide a large number of contents for a user's preference. General purpose streaming sewer makes use of a RTSP protocol for streaming controls such as message passing with client players. To date, there has been minimal research regarding streaming server's performance test tools. For measuring streaming server's performance, performance evaluation technique is needed and also achieved by RTSP based controls, a server's performance result and its miscellaneous test tools such the PseudoPlayer for pumping data to a specified port and the PseudoMonitor for gathering information. In this paper, We implement a test toolkit for evaluating a streaming server's performance and show the case of its application