• 생약학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 1986

The smear method developed by Velaskar and Chitre was modified to allow the screening of plant extracts and/or fractions for platelet anti-aggregating activity. The modified smear method was also found suitable for massive screening of pure compounds. Sample fractions prepared from various plant extracts were examined for their effects against ADP, arachidonic acid (AA) or collagen induced platelet aggregations. Several solvent fractions of plant extracts including water fraction prepared from the methanol extract of Acanthopanax sp. was inhibitory against rat platelet aggregations. The activity guided treatments and fractionations of the water fraction from A. senticosus Max yielded two anti-platelet aggregatory substances, 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (I) and its artefact ethyl 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoate(II). The inhibitory activities of I and II against rat platelet aggregation were compared with that of aspirin, a known inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Discussions also included the results of the investigations on the structural activity relationships among the various dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives against platelet aggregations induced by either one of ADP, AA or collagen.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2008

The leaf extract of Ligularia stenocephala showed the highest anti-platelet aggregating activity in large numbers of edible and herbal plants. The active fraction fractionationed from L. stenocephala extract by using preparative HPLC inhibited the platelet aggregation up to above 80% and its blood coagulating time (PT and APTT) also showed similar effect to aspirin (0.2 ${\mu}g/mL$), known as an anti-thrombus compound. Two antithrombus active compounds were purified and identified as 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, respectively, on the basis of NMR and FAB-MS spectroscopic data. Two active compounds has not only antiplatelet aggregating activity, but also has anticoagulating activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.245-252
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• 1986

Various structural analogs of higenamine, 1-(4'-hydroxylbenzyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, were synthesized and their inhibitory activities against platelet aggregation induced by either arachidonic acid, ADP or collagen. Among the twenty-five compounds tested, inhibitory activity is favored by the 3, 4-dihydroisoquinoline system with the methyl bridge between the two aromatic rings replaced by either ethyl or ethenyl group. N-Methyl quaternization decreased the inhibitory activities. * 이논문의 내용중 편집상의 오류가 있습니다. 그에대한 정오표는 v.31, n.1의 45p.에 있습니다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.459-465
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• 1995

The ether extract of Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix(SMR) was fractioned to give five subfractions, so that two subfractions of them were recrystallized to yield each pure diterpene quinone pigment. On the basis of spectral evidence, these two compounds were identified as tanshinone II and crytotanshinone. Cryptotanshinone exhibited both of a potent platelet anti-aggregating activity in vitro and a potent antimicrobial activity. GC-MS analysis of the other extract showed that tanshinone II was contained in the largest proportion of all the diterpene quinones. In addition, GC-MS analysis gave other valuable analytical informations.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.267-274
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• 1997

산채류를 비롯한 식물자원으로부터 항혈전 성분을 탐색하기 위하여 전국일원의 농산시장 및 농촌지도소, 평창산채시험장과 한국인삼연초연구원의 실험포장으로부터 약 160점의 시료를 수집하였으며, modified smear method를 적용하여 그 methanol 추출물의 혈소판응집 저해활성을 비교하였다. Platelet rich plasma 즉 혈소판 혈장을 이용하는 modified smear method는 응집유도물질로서 ADP와 collagen을 사용하였을때 electrical impedence method와 높은 상관성을 나타내었고, 재현성도 비교적 우수하여 정제하지 않은 식물체의 조추출물의 항혈전 활성을 효율적으로 검색할 수 있었다. 참취, 개미취, 곤달비, 산마늘, 산도라지, 영양부추, 산뽕, 쇠비름, 생열귀등이 ADP와 collagen 모두 혈소판응집 저해활성을 나타내었으며, 곰취, 사철쑥, 씀바귀, 민들레, 산지치, 갯완두, 참대등은 collagen을 사용한 경우에는 저해활성이 다소 낮게 검출되었다. 반면에 참나물, 옥잠, 냉이, 메밀, 매실, 복분자, 해란초등은 오히려 혈소판응집 촉진효과를 나타내었다. 한편 DPPH법으로 활성산소 억제율을 비교한 결과 산채류중에는 고사리, 참취, 곰취, 구절초, 사철쑥, 고려엉겅퀴, 달개비, 냉이 그리고 생약재중에서는 적작약, 음양곽, 복분자등이 항산화활성이 높았다.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 1992

The possibility as an anti-inflammatory drug of Prunus davidiana which have been used in Korean folk medicine for treatment of neuritis and rheumatism was investigated on carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The MeOH extract exhibited potent inhibitory effect on carrageenin-edema rats when topically applicated. On the other hand, it did not show any effect when orally tested. It also had no influences on isolated ileum of guinea pig and anti-platelet aggregating activities. Thus, it appears from the present findings that the MeOH extract of P. davidiana may be utilizable only for the external treatment of inflammed sites. This study was also conducted to further isolation of flavonoids from the EtOAc soluble fraction and characterized as persiconin and isosakuranin by spectrometric analysis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.132-140
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• 1997

The effects of ginsenosides purified from red ginseng on platelet aggregation were investigated. Preincubation of washed platelets from rats with either ginsenoside Rg3, ginsenosides non-polar fraction (G-NPF), ginsenoside Rg1(Rg1) or ginsenosides polar fraction(G-PF) reduced the plytelet aggrelation induced by collagen in a dose-dependent manner, whereas ginsenoside Rg2 failed to inhibit the aggregation. Their IC50 values of Rg3, G-NPF, Rgl, and G-PF were 8.7$\pm$1.0, 150.3$\pm$0.1, 369.9$\pm$ 1.0, 606.211.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. Aggrelation induced by thrombin was also inhibited by Rg3 and G-NPF with IC50 being 5.2$\pm$ 1.1 and 66.5$\pm$0.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, respectively. The alterations of Intracellular Ca2+ concentration in platelets were monitored using fura-2 as a fluorescent Ca2+ indicator. Both Ca2+ release from internal stores and Ca2+ influx into cytosol were suppressed by Rg3. Rg3 also inhibited granular release of ATP and TXA2 formation induced by thrombin in a dose-dependent manner in the washed platelets. Rg3 also inhibited Aggregation and ATP release from human platelets induced by collagen to a similar extent as were observed in rat platelets. In conclusion, Rg3 is a Potent anti-aggregating component in ginsenosides and may exert its anti-aggrega1ing activity by decreasing TXAa formation and granular secretion in platelets, most likely by inhibiting Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular stores. Thus ginseng may contribute to the prevention and treatment of thrombosis.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2012

Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng Meyer, has been used frequently in traditional oriental medicine and is popular globally. Ginsenosides, which are the saponins in ginseng, are the major components having pharmacological and biological activities, including anti-diabetic and anti-tumor activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of total saponin from Korean red ginseng(TSKRG) on thrombin-produced thromboxane $A_2$ ($TXA_2$), an aggregating thrombogenic molecule, and its associated microsomal enzymes cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and $TXA_2$ synthase (TXAS). Thrombin (0.5 U/mL) increased $TXA_2$ production up to 169 ng/$10^8$ platelets as compared with control (0.2 ng/$10^8$ platelets). However, TSKRG inhibited potently $TXA_2$ production to the control level in a dose-dependent manner, which was associated with the strong inhibition of COX-1 and TXAS activities in platelet microsomes having cytochrome c reductase activity. The results demonstrate TSKRG is a beneficial traditional oriental medicine in platelet-mediated thrombotic diseases via suppression of COX-1 and TXAS to inhibit production of $TXA_2$.