• Composites Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2014

섬유강화복합재료는 비강도와 비강성이 뛰어나 여러 분야에 걸쳐 사용량이 증가하고 있으며 자전거와 같은 스포츠 용품에도 사용량이 점점 증가하고 있다. 복합재료는 다양한 형상의 구조부품으로 만들어져 사용되고 있다. 특히 자전거 프레임의 일부에는 사각형 복합재 튜브 형태로 제작되어 사용되고 있으나 이에 관한 연구는 많지 않다. 사각 복합재 튜브의 경우에 모서리에 적절한 라운드 값을 주어 굽힘과 비틀림에 견디도록 설계된다. 본 연구에서는 모서리의 곡률반경이 R5, R10, R15인 세 개의 그룹에 가로-세로 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2의 형상비를 갖는 아홉 종류의 사각 복합재 튜브를 제작하였다. 탄소섬유강화복합재료가 튜브제작에 사용되었으며 단면적은 모두 같도록 설계되었다. $[0/90/{\pm}45]s$으로 적층하여 제작한 사각 복합재 튜브에 굽힘과 비틀림 하중을 가하여 실험평가를 수행하였다. 실험결과 사각 복합재 튜브의 R 값과 형상비에 따라서 굽힘 및 비틀림 특성이 크게 다름을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2006

Recently, interest in using Al alloys in ship construction instead of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) has increased because of the advantages of A) alloy ships over FRP ships, including high speed, increased load capacity. and ease of recycling. This paper investigated the mechanical and electrochemical properties of Al alloys in a slow strain rate test under various potential conditions. These results will provide reference data for ship design by determining the optimum protection potential regarding hydrogen embrittlement and stress corrosion cracking. In general, Al and Al alloys do not corrode on formation of a film that has resistance to corrosion in neutral solutions. In seawater, however, $Cl^-$ ions lead to the formation and destruction of a Passive film. In a potentiostatic experiment. the current density after 1200 sec in the Potential range of $-0.68\~-1.5\;V$ was low. This low current density indicates the protection potential range. Elongation at an applied potential of 0 V was high in this SSRT. However, corrosion protection under these conditions is impossible because the mechanical properties are worse owing to decreased strength resulting from the active dissolution reaction in parallel parts of the specimen. A film composed of $CaCO_3\;and\;Mg(OH)_2$ confers corrosion resistance. However, at potentials below -1.6 V forms non-uniform electrodeposition coating, since there is too little time to form a coating. Therefore, we concluded that the mechanical properties are poor because the effect of hydrogen gas generation exceeds that of electrodeposition. Comparison of the maximum tensile strength, elongation, and time to fracture indicated that the optimum protection potential range was from -1.45 to -0.9 V (SSCE).

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1995

Pasture composed of about 30% botanical composition of white clover (Trijolium repem L.) is desirable in its productivity and quality. To get information on maintaining its productivity in the pasture, the experiment was canied out to determine the effect of infrequent, frequent defoliation or their alternation on change of its harvest yield and growth. Individual plants of Regal, Louisiana S-1, Grasslands Huia and Aberystwyth S184 were grown in 22cm plastic pot containing a 2 : 1 : 1 soil : sand : Peat moss mixture for 27 days after transplanting 50day seedlings raised on 3cm pots, and then all their fully expanded leaves are removed. Defoliation treatments were forced every 1 (CC, frequent), 4 week (RR, infrequent) or their alternations (CR, RC) after 8 weeks from the removal. To analyze the treatment effects, plants were sampled on 0 (the removal day), 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after the removal and seperated to leaves, petioles, stolons and roots. Each harvest yield of infrequent defoliation (RR) was higher than that of frequent defoliation (CC). Their alternations (RC, CR), however, forced fluctuation of the yield according to defoliation interval. Fraction weights from their altemations showed intermediate ones of infrequent and Frequent defoliation whose weights did the similar result to their harvest yields. Fraction and total dry weights per plant, shoot/root ratio were changed by relative span of defoliation interval, which resulted from the weights of leaves and petioles, removed parts. Root and total dry weight per plant of Regal were greater than the other cultivm in infrequent defoliation interval regardless of continuous or alternations. Productivity of white clover in pasture, therefore, can be controlled by alternation of infrequent and frequent defoliation or reverse.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.364-374
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• 2006

Natural ventilation technique could be the substitute for or the complement to the local exhaust ventilation system in the sense of protecting work environment. Moreover, it has many strong points ; almost no mechanical parts, no energy use and no noise. If applied appropriately, it could have the very high ventilation rate and save a lot of energy expense. But, it depends on the outdoor environment, especially temperature and wind speed/direction. Predicting the capacity of natural ventilation is not an easy job because it comes from both buoyancy and wind effect. Another problem is too much flow through the ventilator especially in winter time due to too much difference between indoor and outdoor temperature. Thus some ventilators in industries are sealed by door or plastic sheet, resulting in bad work environment. Various types of dampers are used to control the flow rate through ventilators. The capabilities of flow control by damper has not been estimated. In addition, it was not tested whether the damper could obstruct the flow through ventilator when fully opened. To answer these questions, 4 types of dampers were tested by using computational fluid dynamics. 10 different configurations includes no damper, full open and half open. Flow rates were estimated and airflow fields were analysed to clarify the before-mentioned questions. The dual type damper was the best choice for controling the capability of ventilator. In addition, the upward grill type damper was the best for not obstructing the air flow when fully opened.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.383-398
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 리브 보강된 강관 접합부의 유한요소 해석을 통하여 접합부의 극한강도를 추정하고 그 거동을 파악하는 것이다. 가셋트 강관 접합부의 강도는 관벽 모멘트에 의한 국부적인 응력집중 및 국부 소성화에 의해 크게 저하된다. 이러한 국부적인 응력분포를 재분배 시킬 목적으로 가셋트 상하 단부에 보강플레이트를 부착하고 있다. 이러한 접합부의 거동은 보강된 리브의 형상 및 보강 방법등에 따라 보강하지 않은 경우와 상당히 다르지만 현행 강관구조 설계식은 제한적인 부분만 다루고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ABAQUS 6.5.1을 사용하여 리브로 보강된 가셋트-강관 접합부의 거동과 구조적 성능을 파악하고 기존 접합부 내력식과 비교하여 리브 보강된 플레이트 원형 강관 X형 접합부에 적합한 내력식을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2016

The automotive vehicle is made through the following processes such as press shop, welding shop, paint shop, and general assembly. Among them, the most important process to determine the quality of the car body is the welding process. Generally, more than 400 pressed panels are welded to make BIW (Body In White) by using the RSW (Resistance Spot Welding) and GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding). Recently, as the needs of light-weight material due to the $CO_2$ emission issue and fuel efficiency, new joining technologies for aluminum, CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) and etc. are needed. Aluminum parts are assembled by the spot welding, clinching, and SPR (Self Piercing Rivet) and friction stir welding process. Structural adhesive boning is another main joining method for light-weight materials. For example, one piece aluminum shock absorber housing part is made by die casting process and is assembled with conventional steel part by SPR and adhesive bond. Another way to reduce the amount of the car body weight is to use AHSS (Advanced High Strength Steel) panel including hot stamping boron alloyed steel. As the new materials are introduced to car body joining, productivity and quality have become more critical. Productivity improvement technology and adaptive welding control are essential technology for the future manufacturing environment.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1042-1047
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• 2004

Urethane is a high polymeric and elastic material useful in designing mechanic parts that cannot be molded in rubber or plastic material. Especially, urethane is high in mechanical strength and anti-abrasive. Hereby, an urethane coated aluminum wheel is used for supporting of OHT vehicle moving back and forth to transport products. For the sake of verifying the safety of the vehicle, structural safety for applied maximum dynamic load on a urethane wheel needs to be carefully examined while driving. Therefore, we have performed the dynamic simulation on the OHT vehicle model. Although the area definition of applied load can be obtained from the previous study of Hertzian and Non-Hertzian contact force model when having exact properties of contact material, static analysis is simulated, since the proper material properties of urethane have not been guaranteed, after we have performed the actual contact area test for each load. In case of this study, the method of distributing load for each node is included. Finally, in comparison with result of analysis and load-displacement curve obtained from the compression test, we have defined the material properties of urethane. In the analysis, we have verified the safety of the wheel. After all, we have performed a mode analysis using the obtained material properties. With the result, we have the reliable finite element model.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2011

This is the fourth of a series of companion papers dealing with the mechanical property reductions of various marine structural steels. Even though a reduction of the elastic modulus according to temperature increases has not been obtained from experiments, high temperature experiments from room temperature to $900^{\circ}C$ revealed that initial the yield strength and tensile strength are both seriously degraded. The mechanical properties obtained from high temperature experiments are compared with those from EC3 (Eurocode 3). It is found that the high temperature test results generally comply with the prediction values by EC3. Based on the prediction of EC3, time domain nonlinear finite element analyses were carried out for a blast wall installed on a real FPSO. After applying the reduced mechanical properties, corresponding to $600^{\circ}C$ to the FE model of the blast wall, more than three times the deflections were observed and it was observed that most structural parts experience plastic deformations exceeding the reduced yield strength at the high temperature. It is noted that a protection facility such as PFP (passive fire protection) should be required for structures likely to be directly exposed to fire and explosion accident.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2011

마그네슘 합금은 비중이 1.74로 가벼운데다 비강도는 구조용 금속 중에서 가장 크며, 방진성, 전자파 차폐성, 저용점 용 여러 가지 장점이 있어 최근 자동차 부품과 전자산업 제품 분야에서 이용이 크게 기대되는 금속이다. 그러나 마그네슘의 결정구조는 조밀 육방정이기 때문에 소성변형이 가능한 슬립면이 한정되어 있으며 압연이나 압출가공 시에는 강한 집합조직이 형성되어 상온가공이 곤란하다. 따라서 지금까지 성형성 개선을 위한 조직제어와 성형기술 분야에서 많은 연구개발이 이루어져 왔다. 본고에서는 결정립과 집합조직에 관한 미세조직의 제어방법, 용체성형, 압연 및 압출에 관한 성형가공 기술과 마그네슘 스크랩 리싸이클링 기술에 관하여 최근의 연구개발 사례를 소개한다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2008

폐 컴퓨터나 OA기기 중 PCB (Printed Circuit Board)에는 귀금속을 포함한 많은 양의 금속성분이 함유되어 있으며, 본 연구에서는 이들을 분리회수하기 위한 건식처리 기술을 검토하였다. 폐 컴퓨터로부터 얻은 PCB 스크랩을 산화처리한 시료에 대해 정량분석을 실시하고, 함유된 산화물 종류에 대하여 적합한 슬래그계를 선정하여 유가금속을 분리회수하기 위한 산화물 성분의 슬래그화를 시도하였다. 용융작업을 위해 슈퍼칸탈 회전로를 사용하였으며, 이때 도가니 회전이 금속의 회수율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.