• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.105-118
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• 2008

The newly developed analysis method for nanoindentation load-displacement curves are focused on not only obtaining elastic modulus and hardness values but also other mechanical properties, such as yield strength and strain hardening properties. Dao et al. developed a forward and reverse algorithm to extract the elasto-plastic properties of materials from the load-displacement curves obtained in nanoindentation test. These algorithms were only applicable for engineering metals (Poisson#s ratio 0.3) using the equivalent conical indenter of the Berkovich. However, the applicable metals are substantially limited because range of used in the finite element analysis is narrow. This study is designed to expand range of the applicable metals in the reverse algorithms established by Dao et al. and to improve the accuracy of that for extracting the elasto-plastic properties of materials. In this study, a representative strain was assumed to vary according to specific range of $E^*/{\sigma}_r$ and was defined as function of $E^*/{\sigma}_r$. Also, an initial unloading slope in reverse algorithms improved in this study was not considered as independent parameters of the load-displacement curves. The mechanical properties of materials for finite element analysis were modeled with the elastic modulus, E, the yield strength, ${\sigma}_y$, and the strain hardening exponents, n. We showed that the representative strain (0.033) suggested by Dao et al. was no longer applicable above the $E^*/{\sigma}_r$ of 400 and depended on values of $E^*/{\sigma}_r$. From these results, we constructed the dimensionless functions, in where the initial unloading slope was not included, for engineering metals up to $E^*/{\sigma}_r$ of 1500. These functions allow us to determine the mechanical properties with greater accuracy than Dao#s study.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.1051-1066
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• 2015

The study aims on the effect of material dependency in elastic- plastic contact models by contact analysis of sphere and flat contact model and wheel rail contact model by considering the material properties without friction. The various materials are selected for the analysis based on Young's modulus and yield strength ratio (E/Y). The simulation software 'ANSYS' is employed for this study. The sphere and flat contact model is considered as a flattening model, the stress and strain for different materials are estimated. The simulation of wheel-rail contact model is also performed and the results are compared with the flattening model. The comparative study has also been extended for finding out the mean contact pressure for different materials the E/Y values between 150 and 660. The results show that the elastic-plastic contact analysis for materials up to E/Y=296.6 is depend on the nature of material properties and also for this material the mean contact pressure to yield strength reaches 2.65.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.205-217
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• 2014

In this study, flexural strength and ductility requirements of composite hybrid steel I-girder with its HSB(high performance steel for bridge) applied to tension flanges are examined in positive bending. In AASHTO LRFD specification, flexural strength and ductility requirements of composite I-girder in positive bending are specified in terms of plastic moment and plastic neutral axis that are derived from plastic behavior of conventional steel. However, plastic zone cannot be defined clearly from the stress-strain behavior of HSB unlike the behavior of conventional steel. Therefore, through idealized stress-strain curves of HSB, the plastic moment of composite hybrid steel I-girder with its HSB applied to tension flanges is defined by assuming the plastic zone of HSB. By using the consequences of numerical analysis regarding arbitrary cross-sections that have various dimensions, ductility requirements and flexural strength of composite hybrid I-girder with its HSB applied to tension flange are proposed.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.383-393
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• 2024

Monopile foundations of offshore wind turbines embedded in soft clay are subjected to the long-term cyclic lateral loads induced by winds, currents, and waves, the vibration of monopile leads to the accumulation of pore pressure and cyclic strains in the soil in its vicinity, which poses a threat to the safety operation of monopile. The researchers mainly focused on the hysteretic stress-strain relationship of soft clay and kinds of stiffness degradation models have been adopted, which may consume considerable computing resources and is not applicable for the long-term bearing performance analysis of monopile. In this study, a modified cyclic stiffness degradation model considering the effect of plastic strain and pore pressure change has been proposed and validated by comparing with the triaxial test results. Subsequently, the effects of cyclic load ratio, pile aspect ratio, number of load cycles, and length to embedded depth ratio on the accumulated rotation angle and pore pressure are presented. The results indicate the number of load cycles can significantly affect the accumulated rotation angle of monopile, whereas the accumulated pore pressure distribution along the pile merely changes with pile diameter, embedded length, and the number of load cycles, the stiffness of monopile can be significantly weakened by decreasing the embedded depth ratio L/H of monopile. The stiffness degradation of soil is more significant in the passive earth pressure zone, in which soil liquefaction is likely to occur. Furthermore, the suitability of the "accumulated rotation angle" and "accumulated pore pressure" design criteria for determining the required cyclic load ratio are discussed.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

This paper assesses the suitability of existing standards for plastic material models and performance level evaluation methods in seismic performance evaluations of concrete dam piers during Maximum Credible Earthquakes (MCE). Dynamic plastic analysis was conducted to examine the applicability of the plastic material model under various conditions. As a result reveal that when the minimum reinforcement ratio is not met, the average stress-average strain method recommended in current dam seismic performance evaluation guidelines tends to underestimate pier responses compared to the predicted outcomes of dynamic elastic analysis. Consequently, the paper proposes an improvement plan that treats dam piers with an insufficient minimum reinforcement ratio as unreinforced and integrates fracture energy into concrete tensile behavior characteristics for performance level evaluation. Implementing these improvements can lead to more conservative evaluation outcomes compared to current seismic performance evaluation methods.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.445-454
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• 2001

This paper is to study elasto-plastic behavior of shear deformed braced frames. Two types of frames are considered , X-type and K-type. The slenderness ratio has been used in the parametric study. The stress-strain curve is assumed tri-linear model, and considered the strain hardening range. The finite difference method is used to solve the load-displacement relationship of the braced frames. For the elastic slope and maximum load, experimental results are compared with theoretical results and its difference remains less than 10%. Therefore suggested method in this paper is reasonable.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2015

Plastic wastes, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET) generated from used bottled water constitute a worldwide environmental issue. Reusing the PET waste for geotechnical applications not only reduces environmental burdens of handling the waste, but also improves inherent engineering properties of soil. This paper investigated factors affecting shear strength improvement of PET-mixed residual soil. Four variables were considered: (i) plastic content; (ii) plastic slenderness ratio; (iii) plastic size; and (iv) soil particle size. A series of unconfined compression tests were performed to determine the optimum configurations for promoting the shear strength improvement. The results showed that the optimum slenderness ratio and PET content for shear strength improvement were 1:3 and 1.5%, respectively. Large PET pieces (i.e., $1.0cm^2$) were favorable for fine-grained residual soil, while small PET pieces (i.e., $0.5cm^2$) were favorable for coarse-grained residual soil. Higher shear strength improvement was obtained for PET-mixed coarse-grained residual soil (148%) than fine-grained residual soils (117%). The orientation of plastic pieces in soil and frictional resistance developed between soil particles and PET surface are two important factors affecting the shear strength performance of PET-mixed soil.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1672-1679
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• 2002

This paper provides an engineering J estimation equation for cylinders with finite internal axial surfacecracks under internal pressure. The proposed equation is the J estimation equation based on deformation plasticity using Ramberg-Osgood (R-O) materials. Based on detailed 3-D FE results using deformation plasticity, plastic influence functions for fully plastic J components are tabulated for practically interesting ranges of the mean radius-to-thickness ratio, the crack depth-to-length ratio, the crack depth-to-thickness ratio. the strain hardening index for the R-O material, and the location along the semi-elliptical crack front. Based on tabilated plastic influence functions, the J estimation equation along the crack front is proposed and validated for R-O materials. Good agreements between the FE results and the proposed J estimation provide confidence in the use of the proposed method to elastic-plastic fracture mechanics of pressurized piping.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.357-362
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• 2000

In the present paper the plastic buckling of thin-walled rectangular tube is analyzed. The stress-strain relations of the plates of the tube are idealized into nonlinear material of Ramberg and Osgood. Computing elastic moduli of the nonlinear material a precise plastic buckling stress has determined. The plastic buckling stress of the wider plate of the tube is considered as the crippling strength of the tube. The present theory is in good agreement with the experiments in various thickness-width ratios and materials.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.839-856
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• 2013

Metallic annular discs with their outer boundary fully constrained are studied with newly derived semi-analytical solutions for the effects of thickness variations under thermal loading and unloading. The plane stress and axisymmetric assumptions were adopted, and the thickness of the disk depends on the radius hyperbolically with an exponent n. Furthermore, it is assumed that the stress state is two dimensional and temperature is uniform in the domain. The solutions include the elastic, elastic-plastic and plastic-collapse behavior, depending on the values of temperature. The von Mises type yield criterion is adopted in this work. The material properties, Young's modulus, yield stress and thermal expansion coefficient, are assumed temperature dependent, while the Poisson's ratio is assumed to be temperature independent. It is found that for any n values, if the normalized hole radius a greater than 0.6, the normalized temperature difference between the elastically reversible temperature and plastic collapse temperature is a monotonically decreasing function of inner radius. For small holes, the n values have strong effects on the normalized temperature difference. Furthermore, it is shown that thickness variations may have stronger effects on the strain distributions when temperature-dependent material properties are considered.