• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.504-514
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• 2001

The contents of total flavonoids, total antioxidant status and superoxide scavenger activity of edible plants were measured. Among twenty one samples of leafy vegetables and teas, mugwort (Artemesia capillaris) and green teas gave high total flavonoids contents, 48.2 mg/g sample and 44.7 mg/g sample, respectively. The highest concentration of total flavonoids among eighty nine samples analyzed was 52.1 mg/g sample from propolis. When samples were tested for total antioxidant status, a kind of groundsel showed the highest Total Antioxidant Status(TAS) value, 13.4 mM among leafy vegetables and teas and green tea gave high TAS value, 11.84 mM. On the other hand, purslane gave the lowest TAS value, 0.01 mM. The superoxide scavenge activity was measured from the extracts of all edible plants. The superoxide scavenge activity of polygonatum(81.1%) and chrysantemum (78.5%) were the highest among leafy vegetables, teas and medicinalplants. On the other hand, ginseng, poria, cassiae semen and dioscoreae rhizoma showed no superoxide scavenge activities.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.45-48
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• 2009

The investigation assessed the influence of Compositae plants consumption on the protein profile in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by injection of STZ (45 mg/kg body weight) into tail vein. The rats were randomly assigned to five groups: normal and STZ-control fed an AIN-93 diet, and groups whose diets were supplemented with 10% Compositae powder containing Artemisia iwayomogi (A. iwayomogi), Atractylodes lancea (A. lancea) or Taraxacum mongolicum (T. mongolicum). To observe the effects of Compositae plants in the animal model, the levels of protein in liver, kidney, lung, pancreas, and brain were determined after 4 weeks. The level of protein in kidney increased significantly in rats receiving the A. iwayomogi- and T. mongolicum-supplemented diet compared to the STZ-control group. The level of protein in lung was increased significantly in the A. iwayomogi-supplemented group. Blood glucose level correlated well with brain protein level but did not correlate with other protein levels. Also, blood glucose correlated inversely with kidney, lung and brain protein levels. It is suggested that supplementation with A. iwayomogi in diabetic rats leads elevates protein in kidney and lung.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1996

The 18th Winter Universiade will be held in Muju in 1997. It is a good opportunity to inform the local foods of Muju to the inside and outside of Korea. First of all, we carefully investigated the quantity of all kinds of food material, their circulation ability, and cookery per year in Muju. We found about sixty kinds of food as many as restaurant. We presented how to improve such kinds of food as O-Chunk (fish porridge), Minmulmaeuntang, Kochunaengi chungsik, etc. and how to use the special products of Muju such as yam, kochunaengi, wasabi and wild herb. The many kinds of cookery were specialized to cooks through manual and actual skills. And then we held a food contest that twenty-two cooks took part in the contest and there were exhibitted forty-two kinds of foods. Finally, through discussion and food contest, Muju Sanchae Bibimbap (meal which mixed rice with wild plants), Muju Sanchae chungsik (meal which has various wild plants with rice), Muju Kochunaengi Chungsik (meal which has various wild plants and wasabi with rice), Ma Naengmyun (cold yam noodle) and Muju Minmulmaeuntang (hot fish porridge) were recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.605-612
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• 2020

In this study, 11 plant extracts from Bangladesh were used to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content, in vitro antioxidant activities using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Also, the inhibitory effect of nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and the neuroprotective effect on H2O2-induced PC12 cells were tested. Our results revealed that Piper betle L. showed the highest total phenolic content (162.2 mg GAE/g extract) among the 11 plants from Bangladesh. Most plants showed strong radical scavenging effects and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Besides, Piper betle L. protected PC12 neuronal cells against H2O2 related oxidative stress in LPS-induced PC12 cells. Regarding the anti-inflammatory effect, Piper betle L. significantly inhibited NO accumulation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Our results provide evidence that Piper betle L. could be useful for the development of functional health foods.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.423-428
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• 2013

Although closed soilless culture is useful for saving water and fertilizers with minimizing environmental pollution, adequate management of nutrient solutions is still not stabilized in greenhouse cultivation. In order to investigate the problems occurred in closed soilless culture of Paprika (Capsicum annuum L., cv. Fiesta), we compared ion balance, fruit yield, and the water and fertilizer use efficiencies in the closed system with those in the open system. The plants were grown in rockwool culture with a nutrient solution of EC $2.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. After 4 weeks of treatment, individual ratio of $NO{_3}^-$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$ to total ion concentrations ($meq{\cdot}L^{-1}$) decreased from the initial value, especially the biggest decrement was observed in $K^+$, and on the other hand, $SO{_4}^{2-}$, $Cl^-$, and $Na^+$ were accumulated in the closed system. Yields after four-time harvests were 19% higher in the open system than in the closed system. Total volume of water used per unit area ($m^2$) in the open system was 20% higher, but the total water use per fruit was not significantly different between the two systems, while t total fertilizer use per fruit was 78% higher in the closed system. Amount of marketable fruits was not significantly different between the two systems. We concluded that the increase in $K^+$ supply and the replenishment of recycled nutrient solution every four weeks were required for preventing the imbalance or depletion of nutrients in the close soilless culture of paprika plants to get more balanced nutrient composition during whole cultivation period.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2011

The cultivated potato as well as its tuber-bearing relatives are considered model plants for cell and tissue culture, and therefore for exploiting the genetic variation induced by in vitro culture. The association between molecular stability and tissue culture in different genetic backgrounds and ploidy levels has already been explored. However, it still remains to be ascertained whether somaclonal variation differs between callus-derived chromosome-doubled and undoubled regenerants. Our research aimed at investigating, through amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, the genetic changes in marker-banding patterns of diploid and tetraploid regenerants obtained from one clone each of Solanum bulbocastanum Dunal and S. cardiophyllum Lindl (both 2n = 2x = 24) and tetraploids from cultivated S. tuberosum L. (2n = 4x = 48). Pairwise comparisons between the banding patterns of regenerants and parents allowed detecting considerable changes associated to in vitro culture both at diploid and tetraploid level. The percentages of polymorphic bands between diploid and tetraploid regenerants were, respectively, 57 and 69% in S. bulbocastanum and 58 and 63% in S. cardiophyllum. On average, the frequencies of lost parental fragments in regenerants were significantly higher than novel bands both in S. bulbocastanum (48 vs. 22%) and S. tuberosum (36 vs. 18%) regenerants. By contrast, in S. cardiophyllum, a similar incidence of the two events was detected (32 vs. 29%). Our results revealed that structural changes after tissue culture process strongly affected the genome of the species studied, but diploid and tetraploids regenerated plants responded equally.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 1999

This study was carried out to clarify several factors affecting embryogenesis from anther culture of nine cultivars in Brassica oleracea L. var. italica and to investigate the characteristics of plants derived from anther culture. Androgenesis from anther culture was elevated on the B5 medium supplemented with 0.1mg/L NAA, 0.1mg/L 2.4-D and 10% sucrose. Embryo production in liquid medium was five-fold higher than solid medium. High temperature treatment at 35$^{\circ}C$ for one day before transfer to culture room maintained at $25^{\circ}C$ had effective to induce embryogenesis of cultured anthers but extended treatment at 35$^{\circ}C$ decreased significantly the percent of embryogenesis. Frequency of embryogenesis from cultured anthers exhibited significant difference from 2.8% in 'Green Valiant' to 21% in 'Haisi' as affected by genotypes. Percent of spontaneously dihaploid among regenerated plants from anther culture was ranged from 62 to 74% as affected by the genotypes. Characteristic in relation to plant height, number of leaves and branches, and size of head from anther-derived plants showed differential variation in 'Rokguray' and 'Haisi'. Among these charaters obtained from two cultivars, five lines were selected for early maturity, long plant height and large head. Selected lines were used as breeding meterials for F$_1$ hybrid.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.365-368
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• 2003

Variations of agronomic traits were evaluated on the progenies of regenerated rice plants of different callus origin and subculture period. From eighty-eight percent to ninety percents of ovary culture-derived plants (OCP) and anther culture-derived plants (ACP) were not segregated within the lines in major agronomic characters. Compare to ACP and OCP lines, the seed culture derived lines (SCP) showed more segregation (17％) in major agronomic traits among the lines. The most frequent segregating traits were grain fertility (6.1％) in ACP, leaf color (4.2％) in OCP and grain fertility (4.9％) and leaf color (4.9％) in SCP lines. The SCP line showed more variation in culm length, panicle length and heading date than those of OCP and ACP lines. The variation of agronomic traits in SCP lines was tended to increase with prolonged subculture. Culm and panicle length were shorter than those of original cultivar in all three types of tissue culture-derived lines (OCP, ACP and SCP).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.407-415
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• 2012

An endophytic bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis GS1, was isolated from bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) and found to have maximal production of chitinase (4.3 units/ml) at 5 days after culture. This study investigated the ability of B. thuringiensis GS1 to induce resistance to Rhizoctonia solani KACC 40111 (RS) in cucumber plants. Chitinase activity was greatest in RS-treated plants at 4 days. ${\beta}$-1,3-Glucanase activity was highest in GS1-treated plants at 5 days. Guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD) activity increased continuously in all treated plants for 5 days. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in RS-treated plants was increased 1.5-fold compared with the control at 4 days. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in RS-treated plants was increased 1.5-fold compared with the control at 3 days. At 5 days after treatment, activity staining revealed three bands with chitinase activity (Ch1, Ch2, and Ch3) on SDS-PAGE of cucumber plants treated with GS1+RS, whereas only one band was observed for RS-treated plants (Ch2). One GPOD isozyme (Gp1) was also observed in response to treatment with RS and GS1+RS at 4 days. One APX band (Ap2) was present on the native-PAGE gel of the control, and GS1- and GS1+RS-treated plants at 1 day. PPO bands (Po1 and Po2) from RS- and GS1+RS-treated plants were stronger than in the control and GS1-treated plants upon native-PAGE at 5 days. Taken together, these results indicate that the induction of PR proteins and defense-related enzymes by B. thuringiensis GS1 might have suppressed the damping-off caused by R. solani KACC 40111 in cucumber plants.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 2004

We have investigated that a couple of soft ferrite ceramic powders having a spinal structure have shown the effect on growth and secondary metabolites production of some medicinal plants cultured in vitro. The addition of the ceramic powders as bare state to culture medium has stimulated the growth of Achyranthes japonica callus and plantlet, adventitious root of Hyoscyamus niger and Platycodon grandiflorum hairy root about 65, 75, 150 and 50%, respectively. Whereas Centella asiatica callus and plantlet, Scopolia parviflora hairy root, and Hyoscyamus albus adventitious root were not affected markedly. Moreover, the ceramic powder has enhanced the growth of H. niger adventitious roots even under conditions of irradiating alone without any direct contact between ceramic powder and media. Based on growth stimulation effect, the ceramic powders have enhanced the gross production of tropane alkaloid in H. niger adventitious root, and polyacetylene in P. grandiflorum hairy root about 35 and 30%, respectively.