• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.328-332
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• 2009

Diseases caused by Pepper yellow leaf curl virus infection is considered to be emerging plant diseases in Indonesia in the last five years. One key factor for disease management is the availability of accurate detection of the virus in plants. Polyclonal antibody for Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus-Bogor (PYLCIV-Bgr) was produced for detection of the virus using I-ELISA and DIBA methods. The antibody was able to detect PYLCIV-Bgr from infected plants up to dilution 1/16,384 and cross reaction was not observed with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV). Positive reaction was readily detected in membrane containing Begomovirus samples from Yogyakarta (Kaliurang and Kulonprogo) and West Java (Bogor and Segunung). Infection of PYLCIV-Bgr in chillipepper, tomato, and Ageratum conyzoides was also confirmed using polyclonal antibody for PYLCIV-Bgr in DIBA. Polyclonal antibody for PYLCIV-Bgr is suggested to be included in disease management approach due to its good detection level.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.240-242
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• 2006

The inspection method, which is used to inspect the electronic system for the control system of the fossil-powered thermal power plant, has the technical restrictions based on its primary application area, whereas the reliability is requested more and more by the plant operators to minimize the shutdown of a plant. This paper reviews the inspection methods currently used by the thermal power plant and how to adopt the condition based maintenance to increase the availability of power plant.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.164-169
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• 2011

Previous studies have addressed the management of phyllosphere pathogens by leaf and root-associated microbes. The present study evaluated the effect of the foliar application of three strains of Bacillus spp. on plant growth and fruit quality. The application of a bacilli spore preparation significantly improved leaf growth parameters such as leaf thickness and photosynthesis capacity, indicating that bacilli treatment directly promoted leaf growth. In addition, foliar treatment resulted in an improvement in the key indicators of fruit quality including water, glucose, and sucrose contents. The present results suggest that foliar spraying of beneficial bacilli is a potential treatment of wide application for the improvement of apple quality. Foliar application of bacilli preparation as effective plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria broadens the spectrum of their availability for orchard application.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1997년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.502-507
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• 1997

As a maintenance optimization project to improve the safety of Wolsong NPP (Nuclear Power Plant), reliability of diesel generators are estimated based on the operating experience, and improvement options are suggested. A reliability measure is suggested for the estimation of reliability for standby safety systems to reflect availability. It is assessed that the reliability of diesel generators can be much improved if the suggested improvement options are implemented.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.407-418
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• 2002

Phytase 공급원으로 밀과 밀기울의 첨가가 육계 생산성 및 P이용률에 미치는 영향을 측정하기 위해 5주간의 사양 실험을 실시하였다. 갓 부화한 1,000수의 병아리(Ross$^{(R)}$)를 20pen에 50수씩(암수 각 25수) 공시하여 5처리 4반복으로 완전임의 배치하였다. T1은 대조구로 정상수준의 nonphytate-P(NPP)를 함유하였고, T2는 T1 －0.1% NPP의 低 NPP구, T3는 T2 + 사료 kg당 600IU microbial phytase(NOVO$^{(R)}$)구, T4는 T2 + 밀과 밀기울로 사료 kg당 600IU plant phytase 공급구, T5는 T2 + 밀과 수침 후 건조 처리한 밀기울로 사료 kg당 600IU plant phytase 공급구 였다. NPP 수준을 0.1% 감소시킨(T2) 처리에서 생산성과 사료효율이 감소되었고 식물성 phytase 처리시(T4와 T5)에서는 생산성이 회복되었다. 식물성 phytase 처리구들(T4와 T5)이 microbial phytase 처리구(T3)보다 더 나은 결과를 보였다. 정상 밀기울구(T4)와 수침 후 건조 처리한 밀기울구(T5)와는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 폐사율은 低  NPP(T2)에서 가장 높았다. 육성 사료에서 조지방과 조회분 이용률에 일반 밀기울 처리구(T4)가 가장 높았다. Ca과 P의 이용률 또한 T4가 가장 높고 T3와 T5가 다음으로 높았다. Phytase 처리구 (T3, T4와 T5) 들은 Mg, Fe와 Zn의 이용률을 크게 증가시켰다. Ca, P, Mg, Fe와 Zn의 배설량은 microbial phytase가 가장 적었다. 혈청내 Ca과 Mg의 함량은 低 NPP에서 가장 높았고, 경골내 조회분 함량은 T2와 T3가 T1, T4와 T5보다 낮았다. 그러나 경골내 Ca 함량은 T1과 T2가 다른 처리구들보다 높았다. 경골내 P과 Mg의 함량은 T1구가 가장 높았다. 결론적으로 밀기울을 통한 식물성 phytase의 공급은 P 이용률 향상에 효과적이었다. 수침 후 건조처리하는 것은 이용률 향상에 도움이 되지 않았다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Despite it has been mentioned that the successful restoration in landscape level was achieved in the Young-il soil erosion control project, quantitative evaluation of restored plant communities (Alnus firma as introduced species and Pinus thunbergii as native species) was hardly founded. Light availability, litter and woody debris cover, and forest structure and composition were determined for 500 m² band-quadrat in three forest types. Abiotic factors of Q. serrata stands, as reference forest, and A. firma stands were similar but not for P. thunbergii stands. There were no significant difference on mean stem density (stems ha^-1, H = 3.6, p = 0.162), and the mean basal area of each stand had marginal significance (m² ha^-1, H = 5.7, p = 0.058) among stands as total basal area was higher with the order of A. firma (21.4 m² ha^-1), P. thunbergii (19.8 m² ha^-1) and Q. serrata (16.2 m² ha^-1). Restoration of vegetation structure was more effective in fast-growing and N-fixing A. firma, as introduced species plantation. However, result of MRPP, NMS ordination and ISPAN for herbaceous layer, not for tree and shrub species composition, indicated that restoration of ground vegetation was likely influenced highly from local environment. Propagule availability from landscape context such as connectedness to natural vegetation and management practices in restored isolated stands are available explanations for restoration effects and gaps between restored plantations and secondary oak forest.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1491-1499
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• 2010

Rhizosphere microorganisms possessing phytase activity are considered important for rendering phytate-phosphorus (P) available to plants. In the present study, the Citrobacter braakii phytase gene (appA) was overexpressed in rhizobacteria possessing plant growth promoting (PGP) traits, for increasing their potential as bioinoculants. AppA was cloned under the lac promoter in the broadhost-range expression vector pBBR1MCS-2. Transformation of the recombinant construct pCBappA resulted in high constitutive phytase activity in all of the eight rhizobacterial strains belonging to genera Pantoea, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas (two strains), Rhizobium (two strains), and Ensifer that were studied. Transgenic rhizobacterial strains were found to display varying levels of phytase activity, ranging from 10-folds to 538-folds higher than the corresponding control strains. The transgenic derivative of Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0, a well-characterized plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, showed the highest expression of phytase (~8 U/mg) activity in crude extracts. Although all transformants showed high phytase activity, rhizobacteria having the ability to secrete organic acid showed significantly higher release of P from Ca-phytate in buffered minimal media. AppA overexpressing rhizobacteria showed increased P content, and dry weight (shoot) or shoot/ root ratio of mung bean (Vigna radiata) plants, to different extents, when grown in semisolid agar (SSA) medium containing Na-phytate or Ca-phytate as the P sources. This is the first report of the overexpression of phytase in rhizobacterial strains and its exploitation for plant growth enhancement.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2017

The object of this study was to assess availability of meteorological drought index for agricultural dorught estimation in ungauged area of agricultural drought parameters which are reservoir water level and soil moisture. The IADI (Integrated Agricultural Drought Index) and the SPI (Standard Precipitation Index), which are the criteria for determining agricultural drought and meteorological drought, were calculated and compared. For this purpose, the droughts that occurred in the Baeksan reservoir in Gimje and the Edong reservoir in Suwon were evaluated by using the IADI and SPI drought indecies. In addition, we compared and analyzed the depth of drought based on the two drought indices. Evaluations derived form the IADI and SPI showed that the standard precipitation index tended to indicate the occurrence of drought earlier than the integrated agricultural drought index. However, the integrated agricultural drought index was better than the standard precipitation index at evaluating the severity of drought during the period of irrigation. The relationship between these two drought indices seems to be useful for decision making in the case of drought, and it is considered that more studies are needed to examine the applicability of these drought indexes.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2023

This study was designed to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients of soybean meal, soy protein concentrate (SPC), soy protein isolate (SPI), rapeseed meal (RSM), pea protein concentrate (PPC), wheat gluten meal (WGM) and wheat flour (WF) for olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. A reference diet (RF) was formulated to meet the nutrient requirements of olive flounder with 1% chromic oxide (Cr₂O₃) as an inert indicator. Test diets were prepared to contain 70% RF and 30% of the test ingredient. Olive flounder, averaging 150 ± 8.0 g, was cultured in 400-L fiberglass tanks at a density of 25 fish per tank. Fecal collection columns were attached to each tank. Fecal samples were obtained from triplicate groups of fish for 4 weeks. Dry matter digestibility of SPC (75%) and WGM (76%) were significantly higher than the other test ingredients. Protein digestibility of SPC (85%), PPC (88%) and WGM (89%) were significantly higher than the other test ingredients, and protein digestibility of RSM (77%) and WF (76%) was lower than the other ingredients tested. Lipid digestibility of SPC (72%) and SPI (69%) were significantly higher than the other test ingredients. Energy digestibility of SPC (85%) and WGM (82%) were significantly higher than that of others tested ingredients. The availability of amino acids in WGM was generally higher than in other plant-feed ingredients. Therefore, SPC and WGM were seems to be efficient as potential protein sources for olive flounder compared to other tested ingredients. Overall, findings of the current study may assist in more efficient and economical formulation of diets using plant feed ingredients for olive flounder.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2002

The effects of long-term fertilization on soil properties and nutrient availability are not well documented for cassava cultivation in Vietnam. In 1990, a field research plots were established with 12 treatments to test the effect of different rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on soil properties in Acrisols at Thai Nguyen University in Northern Vietnam. In 1999, composite soil samples (0 to 20cm depth) were collected from eight selected plots for measurements of nutrient supply rates by ion exchange membrane probes and for growing corn and canola in a growth chamber with and without added lime. Generally, long-term nitrogen (N) fertilization increased available N supply rates but decreased available potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg). Long-term phosphorus(P) applications increased canola N, calcium (Ca) and Mg uptake. Canola P uptake increased with increased P rates only when lime was added. Long-term K applications increased canola N, K, Ca, Mg uptake but only significantly increased corn N uptake. Liming significantly increased uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S for both corn and canola. However, N $H_{4-}$N, K and Mg soil supply rates were reduced when lime was added, due to competition between Ca from the added lime and other nutrients.