• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2011

Cicada is a very familiar insect to people but habitat characteristics of them are not well known. To investigate habitat characteristics of cicada nymph, plant species, plant cover, soil hardness, accumulated organic mass, organic content in soil, and root density were investigated at 11 sites in an apartment complex garden in Seoul. Selected sites had different densities of cicada nymph case above the ground. Density of cicada nymph case was positively correlated with accumulated organic mass, organic content in soil, and root density and negatively correlated with soil hardness. Even though shrub coverage was not linearly correlated with the density of cicada nymph case, 80% cover of shrub was necessary for the high density of them. Data in this study suggested that organic matter in addition to root density be the primary limitation factor of cicada nymph and high amount of litter-fall decrease soil hardness through the increase of soil organic matter. This study suggests that the density of cicada nymph can be managed through organic content in soil.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.301-308
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• 1994

The individual and combined effects of acidic rain, Mg deficiency (-Mg) and Al surplus (＋Al) on the growth of shoots and roots of pitch pine seedlings and the effect of humic substances (Lit) on Al toxicity were investigated. The growth of height and dry matter were not significantly less for pitch pine seedlings sprayed with simulated acid rain (SAR) of pH 3.5 than for those sprayed with SAR of pH 5.6. But treatments of Al and ＋Al-Mg in soil solution reduced the growth of seedlings in terms of height of shoots, and dry matter of shoots or roots. Effect of Mg deficiency on the growth of seedlings was apparent only when Al was treated simutaneously. The growth of seedlings, regardless of rain pH, decreased in the following order: control=-Mg>Lit＋Al>＋Al>＋Al-Mg. Treatments of Al and ＋Al-Mg in soil solution reduced the total length of secondary and teritary roots of seedlings regardless of rain pH, and decreased in the following order: the primary root

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1969

In this experiment, the litters of each five species of neadle-leaf trees and broad-leaf trees were laid on each pot soils, which had same soil conditions, is the green house and the sil fertility of each pots were determined after four years. Chemical properties among each pot soils under litters of needle-laef trees showed remarkable different values in the pH, base exchange capacity, total exchangeable base, base saturation, organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium and calcium, and that of broad-leaf trees showed respectively significant difference. The content of chemical components, such as total exchangeable base, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchanbeable potassium, between pot soils under litters of the needle-leaf trees and the broad-leaf trees were significant at the 0.01 and 0.05 levels of the statistical probability. The fertility of soil under the influence of decayed fallen leaves is the highest value in the posts of broad-leaves and next to the pots of needle-leaves and the control pots the lowest. The pH value of the soil with various kinds of fallen leaves showed little difference among themselves, but it especially approached in the broad leaves plots gradually to neutral and hte non-treated plot showed acidity. Lespedeza bicolar and Castanea crenata are supposed to contribute to the fertility of soil. Pinus rigida showed excellent exchanged properties of soi. The leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus koraiensis did not contribute much to the promotion of fertility of soil.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.449-455
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• 2018

In this study, the contribution of hot biomass ash to enrichment of the mineral content and to reducing the moisture content of broiler poultry manure was investigated. For this purpose, the mixtures have been prepared by adding biomass ash at varying rates (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) and at different temperatures ($100^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$ and $250^{\circ}C$) according to the dry matter content (74.77%) of the poultry manure. The results showed that incorporation of biomass ash into poultry manure at 50% at $250^{\circ}C$ reduced the moisture content from 25.23% to 9.82%. Regarding the maximum N in the final product, the ideal temperature of biomass ash has been obtained at $150^{\circ}C$. The highest nutrient contents were obtained at 50% biomass ash incorporation. The highest dose of biomass ash application had significantly increased nutrients, such as Ca (19.34%), K (4.03%), Fe (1,545 mg/kg), Mn (812 mg/kg) and Zn (479 mg/kg) in the final organomineral fertiliser formulation. Overall, it was concluded that the addition of hot biomass ash can dramatically decrease the moisture content of poultry manure and therefore provide odour and pathogen removal and increase its plant nutrient content.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.343-343
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• 2023

식생피복(Vegetation cover)은 대기 중의 강우와 토양 사이에서 침식으로부터 표토를 보호하는 역할을 한다. 자유 낙하하는 강우의 물방울은 식생을 통과하면서 차단(interception), 수관통과(throughfall), 수간유하(stemflow)의 형태로 변화한다. 식생은 강우입자의 운동에너지와 수량을 감소시키고, 지표면에 도달하는 시간을 지연시킴에 따라 지표유출(overland flow) 저감에 기여한다. 유출수의 흐름과정에서 식물의 줄기, 낙엽, 뿌리 등은 유속을 감소시키는 장애물로 작용하여 궁극적으로 토양침식은 감소한다. 토양침식은 식생피복이 증가함에 따라 일반적으로 감소하며, 지수함수의 관계를 갖는다. 식생의 종류와 구조 그리고 잎의 모양 등에 따라 수문물리적인 반응이 달라진다. 캐노피를 갖는 지상식물(canopy cover plant)은 물방울의 운동에너지를 갖는 반면, 지피식물(ground cover plant)은 낙하고가 작기 때문에 운동에너지는 적으며, 특히 낙엽층은 지표면을 보호하여 토양침식의 저감효과가 더욱 크다. 산불지역의 식생피복에 따른 토양침식 측정 자료에 따르면, 강우운동에너지는 식생피복이 증가함에 따라 지상피복(canopy cover)에 의한 감소보다는 지면피복(ground cover)과 낙엽피복(litter cover)에 의한 감소효과가 상대적으로 컸다. 식생피복에 의해 차단되는 강우의 손실량보다 침투량 증가에 의한 손실량이 상대적으로 많았다. 낙엽피복에 대한 강우모의 실험 결과에 따르면, 낙엽의 피복율이 증가함에 따라 지수적으로 토양침식량은 감소하였다. 낙엽 피복율의 40% 이상은 토양침식량을 현격이 감소시킨 반면, 피복율의 70% 이상은 지표유출량을 현저히 감소시켰다. 낙엽 피복율이 70%이상이면, 유출계수가 33%가 감소하였으나, 토양침식민감도는 94%로 크게 감소하였다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제35권3호통권99호
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• pp.172-180
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• 2002

큰 강의 하류에서 우점하는 정수식물의 분해 기작을 알기 위하여 1998년 11월부터 1999년 9월까지 낙동강하류의 수변에 분포하는 정수식물 중 우점종인 갈대와준우점종인 줄 및 애기부들의 낙엽분해속도(개방망과 폐쇄망, 부유층과 침수층)를 비교하고，　수서 무척추동물의 낙엽분해 기여도를 조사하였다. 낙엽주머니에서 채집된 수서 무척추동물은 11과 11종이었으며 평균 밀도는 $222\;ind./m^2$ (n= 792)였다. 우점종은 평균 밀도의 약 68% 이상을 차지하는 파리목 깔따구과의 Chironomus sp.(깔따구속)로 수집-모으는 기능군(collector-gather)이　우점하였다. 수서 무척추동물의 서식 밀도는 개방망보다　폐쇄망에서 높게 나타났으며 부유층과 침수층에서는 큰차이가 없었다．　낙엽주머니 내 깔따구과의 평균 밀도는 줄($180\;ind./m^2$, n= 264), 애기부들($187\;ind./m^2$, n= 264), 갈대 ($95\;ind./m^2$, n= 264) 순이었고 부유층보다 침수층에서, 개방망보다 폐쇄망에서 다소 많이 출현하였다. 50%분해에 소요되는 기간은 줄이 가장 짧고 다음은 애기부들 그리고 갈대 순으로 나타났다. 실험결과 분해율은 줄이 가장 높았으며, 애기부들이 갈대보다 조금 더 빨리　분해되었다. 그리고 3종의 낙엽 모두 분해율이 침수층에서보다 부유층에서 더 빠르게 분해되었다. 개방망과 폐쇄망에서는 분해율의 차이가 나타나지 않았다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 1996

The removal rates of gross production and organic matters were investigated in the Lake Paldangho. In 1995 and 1996, soils and litter sarraples were collected and annual mean production and removal rates were calculated. Communities in the Lake Paldangho were Phragrnites communis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Typha aegustata and Scirpas tahernaemoutani. Removal constants of aquatic plant communities estimated by the mathematical theoretical models, were 0.826, 0.567, 0.571 and 0.751, respectively. The durations of reaching half of initial organic amounts were 0.839 yeras, 1.221 years, 1.213 years and 0.922 years respectively at the steady state of removal and accumulation for organics For organics, the rapidity of removal were more speedy P. communis, S.tahernaemontani, T. augustata, M sacehariflorus in order. The times needed for 99% removal were 6.051 years, 6.651 years, 8.752 years and 8.811 years, respectively. Key wotds:Gross production, Organic matters, Lake Paldangho, Phragmites communis, Mis-ca ethus sacchariflorus, Typha angustata, Scirpus tahernaemoutani., Removal constants.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.239-241
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• 2013

보광염낭거미(Clubiona zacharovi Mikhailov, 1991)의 암컷을 우리나라에서 최초로 기재한다. 이 종은 식물의 잔사체나 돌 밑 등을 배회하는 희귀종이다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2018

In this study, we examined myxomycetes that developed in moist chamber cultures of substrata material collected from $K{\ddot{u}}tahya$ and Konya provinces in Turkey. We collected bark samples from living trees, plant litter from the ground, standing dead wood or stumps, and downed and decayed wood or bark and placed them in the moist chamber cultures. We identified 36 species belonging to 12 genera of myxomycetes. The species determined are listed, and four new records, Didymium balearicum Ing, Macbrideola oblonga Pando & Lado, Paradiacheopsis erythropodia (Ing) Nann-Bremek. and Perichaena pedata (Lister & G. Lister) G. Lister, are added to the mycoflora of Turkey.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.331-342
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• 1995

An investigation was performed to reveal the removal rates of organic constituents of the litters in a Phragmithea longivalvis grassland in a Delta of the Nakdong River, The removal rates of the inorganic and organic materials are determined by the mathematical models. The removal rates and time required to decay up to a percentage of each organic constituent were calculated using these new models. The removal rates of cold water soluble fractions, other carbohydrates, hot water soluble fractions, cellulose, crude fat, lignin and crude protein were 2.67, 1.39, 1.25, 1.02, 0.92, 0.49 and 0.47, respectively, The periods required to reach half time to the steady state of the removal and accumulation for cold water soluble fractions, other carbohydrates, hot water soluble fractions, cellulose, crude fat, lignin and crude protein of the litter were 0.26, 0.50, 0.55, 0.68, 0.75, 1.41 and 1.48 years, respectively.