• Title/Summary/Keyword: Plant functional types

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Gender Variation in Relation to Resource Allocation in Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia에 있어서 자원분배와 관련된 성비의 변이)

  • Kang, Hyesoon
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.231-241
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    • 1995
  • I examined the relationship between allocations to plant size components such as plant height, total leaf weight, and nuber of branches and to reproductive components such as the number and weight of male and female fowers in three populations of the monoecious, wind-pollinated Ambrosia artemisiifolia. In particular, the two types of gender of plants, phenotypic and functional gender, were related to resource allocation. Mean values of all plant size and reproductive components differed significantly among the three populations. Such inter-population differences did not exist for both photosynthetic and reproductive efforts, Plant size components were mostly positively correlated with reproductive components among plants. However, the relationships between photosynthetic effort and reproductive components were largely negative and inconsistent among populations. The phenotypic gender was much lover than 0.5 in all of the three populations. Pairwise correlations between functional gender and each allocation measurement such as plant size components, reproductive components, photosynthetic effort, and reproductive effort were not consistent across the three populations. These results suggest that the gender of A. artemisiifolia measured as flower production responds sensitively to environmental conditions which might differ whithin as well as among populations.

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Reply to Comment by Kang and Kim on "Estimation of Net Radiation in Three Different Plant Functional Types in Korea" ("한국의 세 개의 다른 식생기능형태에서의 순복사 추정"에 대한 의견의 답변)

  • Kwon, Hyo-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.123-125
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    • 2009
  • I thank Kang and Kim (this issue) for their interests and constructive comments on Kwon (2009) in which the objectives were to find the site-specific relationship between net radiation ($R_N$) and solar radiation ($R_S$) in major plant functional types in Korea and to examine its applicability for estimating $R_N$. The authors addressed six major points requesting clarification and suggesting improvement. Below, my replies are provided.

A Genome-Scale Co-Functional Network of Xanthomonas Genes Can Accurately Reconstruct Regulatory Circuits Controlled by Two-Component Signaling Systems

  • Kim, Hanhae;Joe, Anna;Lee, Muyoung;Yang, Sunmo;Ma, Xiaozhi;Ronald, Pamela C.;Lee, Insuk
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.166-174
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    • 2019
  • Bacterial species in the genus Xanthomonas infect virtually all crop plants. Although many genes involved in Xanthomonas virulence have been identified through molecular and cellular studies, the elucidation of virulence-associated regulatory circuits is still far from complete. Functional gene networks have proven useful in generating hypotheses for genetic factors of biological processes in various species. Here, we present a genome-scale co-functional network of Xanthomonas oryze pv. oryzae (Xoo) genes, XooNet (www.inetbio.org/xoonet/), constructed by integrating heterogeneous types of genomics data derived from Xoo and other bacterial species. XooNet contains 106,000 functional links, which cover approximately 83% of the coding genome. XooNet is highly predictive for diverse biological processes in Xoo and can accurately reconstruct cellular pathways regulated by two-component signaling transduction systems (TCS). XooNet will be a useful in silico research platform for genetic dissection of virulence pathways in Xoo.

Growth Characteristics of Rhizophagus clarus Strains and Their Effects on the Growth of Host Plants

  • Lee, Eun-Hwa;Eom, Ahn-Heum
    • Mycobiology
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.444-449
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    • 2015
  • Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous in the rhizosphere and form symbiotic relationships with most terrestrial plant roots. In this study, four strains of Rhizophagus clarus were cultured and variations in their growth characteristics owing to functional diversity and resultant effects on host plant were investigated. Growth characteristics of the studied R. clarus strains varied significantly, suggesting that AMF retain high genetic variability at the intraspecies level despite asexual lineage. Furthermore, host plant growth response to the R. clarus strains showed that genetic variability in AMF could cause significant differences in the growth of the host plant, which prefers particular genetic types of fungal strains. These results suggest that the intraspecific genetic diversity of AMF could be result of similar selective pressure and may be expressed at a functional level.

Preparation of Functional Food in Combination of Tartary Buckwheat and Bean Flour Mixes by Hot Melt Extrusion Process

  • Azad, Obyedul Kalam;Kang, Wie Soo;Park, Cheol Ho
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2018.04a
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    • pp.71-71
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    • 2018
  • The aim of this study was to prepare a new functional food with enriched bioactive compound by the combination of Tartary buckwheat and bean flour mixes. Two types of bean such as: black bean and white bean with the ratio of 5, 10, 15 % were used to develope a food formulation. The solid formulation of functional food was prepared by the hot melt extrusion process (HME) at the temperature of 60, 90, $120^{\circ}C$. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid (TF) and DPPH were analysed of the prepared food by the use of spectrophotometer. Results demonstrated that TPC (254 mg/g), TF (18.22 mg/g) and DPPH (88%) were significanlty increased in the receipe of 10% black bean and 90% Tartary buckwheat mixes among the formulation at $90^{\circ}C$. As therefore, it is concluded that the optimum ratio of bean and Tartary buckwheat flour mixes should be considerd for the preparation of high quality functional food.

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Use of Functional Films for Storage of Seed Tuber in Liriope platyphylla (맥문동 뿌리줄기의 저장력 향상을 위한 기능성필름 활용)

  • Seong, Eun Soo;Choi, Jae Hoo;Kim, Hee Kyu;Choi, Seung Hyuk;Kim, Chul Joong;Lee, Jae Geun;Yoo, Ji Hye;Kim, Na Young;Yu, Chang Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.296-301
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    • 2018
  • Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of packaging material on the growth of rootstock of Liriope platyphylla. Methods and Results: This study examined the effects of two types of packaging material, LDPE (low density polyethylene) and functional film on the growth of the tubers of L. platyphylla, at $5^{\circ}C$. During the 16-weeks of storage period, the ratio of loss and decay of the tubers was examined at intervals of 4, 8, and 16 weeks to detect the quality of the plant. After 16 weeks of storage, the treated tubers were own. Subsequently, plant height and the number of leaves were recorded. The results revealed that functional film at $5^{\circ}C$ was the ideal material for the storage of L. platyphylla tubers. The rate of loss was the highest (57.42%) with a onion net and the lowest (22.12%) with a functional film. Similarly, the rate of tuber decay was highest (8.20%) using onion net and the least (4.60%) when the functional film was used. Conclusions: Thus, the use of the functional film proved to be the most effective in the storage of L. platyphylla tubers when compared with the LDPE.

Structural Characteristics of Two Wheat Histone H2A Genes Encoding Distinct Types of Variants and Functional Differences in Their Promoter Activity

  • Huh, Gyung-Hye;Iwabuchi, Masaki
    • Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1996.07a
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    • pp.26-38
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    • 1996
  • To investigate the regulation of plant histone H2A gene expression, we isolated two H2A genes (TH254 and TH274) from wheat, which encode different types of variants. Both genes had an intron in the coding region. In the promoters, some characteristics sequences, such as Oct and Nona motifs, which are conserved among plant histone genes were also found, and they were located in a short region (about 120 bp) upstream from the putative TATA box. Analyses of promoter activity with H2A-GUS fusion genes in the transient system using tobacco protoplasts revealed novel types of positive cis-acting sequences in the TH254 promoter: a direct repeat of a 13-bp sequence (AGTTACATTATTG) and a stretch composed of an AT-rich sequence (ATATAGAAAATTAAAA) and a G-box (CACGTG). A quantitative S1 assay of the mRNA amounts from the TH254/GUS and TH274/GUG chimeric genes in stably transformed and cell cycle-synchronized tobacco cell lines showed that the promoters of both genes contained at least one cis-acting element responsible for S phase-specific expression. Histochemical analysis of transgenic tobacco plants carrying the chimeric genes showed that the promoters of the two H2A genes were both active in developing seedlings and flower organs but regulated in different manner.

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Estimation of Net Radiation in Three Different Plant Functional Types in Korea (한국의 세 개의 다른 식생기능형태에서의 순복사 추정)

  • Kwon, Hyo-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 2009
  • Net radiation ($R_N$) is a driving force of biological and physical processes between the surface and the atmosphere and its knowledge is critical to weather forecasting and water resource management. The measurement of $R_N$ is, however, scarce and it is typically estimated from an empirical relationship. This study presented two different methods of $R_N$ estimation over three major plant functional types (i.e., a deciduous forest, a coniferous forest, and a farmland) in Korea. One is a linear regression method between $R_N$ and solar radiation and the other is a radiation balance method. The two methods were examined using the data collected in 2008 at the three sites. Based on the linear regression method over a year, $R_N$ was 70% of the incoming shortwave radiation ($R_S{\downarrow}$) for a deciduous forest, 79% for a coniferous forest, and 64% for a farmland, indicating that the relationship was plant functional type-specific. For the radiation balance method, the inclusion of longwave radiation component slightly improved $R_N$ estimations. Overall, there was a good agreement between the observed and the estimated $R_N$ from both methods, indicating a reliable applicability of the two methods in estimating $R_N$.

Comparison of Phytochemicals Ingredient Contents According to Flower Color of Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai

  • Mun, Jeong-Yun;Jang, Tae-Won;Choi, Ji-Soo;Im, Jong-Yun;Park, Jae-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.04a
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    • pp.118-118
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    • 2019
  • Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai belonging to Oleaceae is only species in Korean endemic genus, Abeliophyllum. Abeliophyllum distichum (AD) is divided into various types according to flower shape and color. AD is known to have various colors such as white, pink, and ivory. Recently, light yellow flowers have been registered as new varieties (Okhwang 1ho). To date, various ecological and morphological studies on AD have been carried out, but no studies have been made on the phytochemicals and activities according to various traits. In this study, we analyzed the phytochemicals and antioxidative activities of from four kinds of flowers (white, pink, ivory, light yellow) in full bloom. The contents of phytochemicals such as chlorogenic acid, Hirsutrin, Rutin, Acteoside and Isoacteoside were analyzed by HPLC. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS. As a result, the content of each substance varied according to the flower color. These results will provide basic data for evaluating the usefulness of genetic resources in Korea and developing new functional materials in preparation for the Nagoya Protocol.

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The Identification and Vegetation Structure of Several Mountainous Wetlands in Dan-yang and Around Area (단양 및 주변 산지습지의 판별 및 식생 구조)

  • Kim, Hyeong-Guk;Jeong, Jin-Yong;Koo, Bon-Hak
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2010
  • This study was accomplished to identify and analyze vegetation structure of Mountainous Wetlands in Dan-yang and around area, and surveyed from September to November, 2006. 6 sites of total 16 potential Mountainous Wetlands by GIS based wetland forecasting system (Korea National Arboretum, 2006) were identified as wetlands throughout field survey by the indicators such as hydrology, soil and vegetation. By classification system of Korea National Arboretum (2006), types of wetlands were classified into 3 slope-types and 3 flat-types. To understand vegetation structure of wetlands, height, DBH (diameter at breast height), DI (Dominance Index), sociability and constancy were surveyed and the projection diagram and charts ware drawn. As results, Salix koreensis in woody plant layer and Persicaria thunbergiiin and Juncus effusus var. decipiens in herb layer were surveyed as broadly distributed species. The wetlands of Dan-yang around area were similar to those of Chung-ju around area, but the species of plants and hydrology conditions were different. This study is mainly focused on vegetation condition of Mountainous Wetlands. But, further studies on functional assessment for management and restoration of wetlands were necessary.