• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

본 연구는 실제 지형의 특성을 파악, 이를 초기 산사태 위험도 평가에 활용하는데 그 목적이 있다. 지형특성 분석을 위해 SINMAP과 통계적 기법인 평면도(Planarity)를 활용하였으며 이를 실제 산사태 발생지역에 적용, 지형 특성과 산사태 위험도와의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 분석결과는 제안한 두 가지 기법 모두 위험도가 높다고 평가한 지역에서는 초기 산사태 위험도가 상대적으로 높게 산정되었다. 이는 본 연구에서 제시한 방법이 지형특성과 산사태 위험도와의 관계성 규명에 있어 합리적임을 보여준다고 할 수 있다. 또한, 실제 현장조사 결과와 비교한 초기 산사태 위험도는 SINMAP 기법이 토석류와 같은 연속성 산사태에 있어 보다 정확하게 판단되었으나, 특정요소의 위험성을 구체적으로 고려할 수 있는 기법을 추가적으로 고려한다면 보다 정확한 초기 산사태 위험도를 평가할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.261-276
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• 2010

The analysis of an art trend in the principle dimension starts by observing the object of work in the perspective of formative composition and recognizing it as a universal system. It can be said that it is consistent with an interpretation method for a form theory of formal history by Heinrich W$\ddot{o}$lfflin, a leading form critic in art criticism. Hence, the purpose of this study was to find out what are the formative principles in Renaissance Classicism as a design principle to be applicable to modern fashion by reviewing the formative characteristics of Renaissance Classicism Architecture with which W$\ddot{o}$lfflin directly dealt. As for the theoretical literature review, I used W$\ddot{o}$lfflin's theoretical framework and looked at the Renaissance Classicism Architecture that he studied and examined the possibility of utilizing his theory as a layout principle and the characteristics. As for analysis of design cases, I applied the aforementioned architecture layout principle to modern fashion and conducted case study analysis to delve into distinctive layout principles found in fashion. The study showed that the Renaissance Classicism Architectural Style is marked by linearity, planarity, closing and multiple unity: linearity was expressed in the observation form in fixed frontal view and an emphasis on a tangible silhouette homeogenous and definite line structures; planarity was achieved in the form of paralleled layers of frontal view element, planarity style, and identical and proportional repetition of various sizes.; closing signified the pursuit of complete and clear regularity, and architecture developed in a constructive phase through organizational inevitability and absolute invariability.; multiple unity was expressed in self-completedness and independent parallel of discrete forms and harmony of emphasized individual elements in a totality. Applying these layout characteristics of the Renaissance Classicism Architectural style and to see their individual expressive features, I found out that in adopting layout principles of the Renaissance Classicism Architecture to modern fashion, it turned out to be an emphasis of individual silhouettes, a flattened space, completed objects, organic harmony among independent parts: the emphasis of individual silhouettes was expressed in individual definitiveness of formative lines of clothes in accordance with body joints and an emphasis on formative lines of clothes; the flattened space was marked by single layer structure, planarity of elements of clothes, and listing arrangement by appropriate proportion.; the completedness of the objects was expressed by the stationary state where overall image is fixed, the construction of homogeneous and complete space, and absolute inevitability of internal layout in proportion; lastly, organic harmony of independent parts was stressed in independent completedness of each detail, and organic harmony of the whole. The expressive features would lead to a unique expression style of linear emphasis, proportion, constructive forms, and two-dimensional arrangement. The meaning of this study is follows: The characteristics of art school of thought are given shape by appling & analysing the architectural layout principles of historical art school of thought to modern fashion in the view point of formal construction dimension. The applied possibility of historical art school of thought as the source of inspiration about the fashion design is extended.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2009

This paper is focused on the buckling and post buckling behaviour of rectangular corrugated board panels simply supported and subjected to compression load. The aim of the work is to understand the failure mechanism of investigated structure in order to quantify the effect of design parameters on the strength of a panel of given geometry. Two numerical models were developed adopting the finite element method. In the first one the corrugated board is represented by means of shell elements adopting an equivalent material, in the second the local structure is described in full detail modelling both straight and corrugated layers by means of shell elements and representing the connection between layers by special interface elements. The model correctness was checked by the comparison between out of plane central displacement predicted by the models and the experimental values found in literature. For the same case the effect of panel planarity error was evaluated. Finally a parametric analysis to investigate the effect of design parameters was carried out.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2019

Automatic transmissions are standard equipment in most automotive vehicles because they provide smooth speed shifting and a compact design with multiple speed ratios. Their structure consists mainly of planetary gear sets as power-transmitting devices and brakes and clutches as shifting devices. Several forward and one reverse speed ratios are achieved by actuating shifting devices to connect gears, input and output shafts, and the transmission case. In the development of a new transmission, kinematic configurations reflecting the transmission concept design are required, and the ability of the new concept design to be assembled without any interference among the connections must be demonstrated. In this study, an assemblability analysis of the kinematic configurations of a Ravigneaux-type automatic transmission was conducted with an assemblable example of an 8-speed Ravigneaux-type automatic transmission.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.97-121
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• 2023

Through-the-thickness stress distribution in a tubular member has a profound effect on the fatigue behavior of tubular joints commonly found in steel offshore structures. This stress distribution can be characterized by the degree of bending (DoB). Although multi-planar joints are an intrinsic feature of offshore tubular structures and the multi-planarity usually has a considerable effect on the DoB values at the brace-to-chord intersection, few investigations have been reported on the DoB in multi-planar joints due to the complexity of the problem and high cost involved. In the present research, data extracted from the stress analysis of 243 finite element (FE) models, verified based on available parametric equations, was used to study the effects of geometrical parameters on the DoB values in two-planar tubular DYT-joints. Parametric FE study was followed by a set of nonlinear regression analyses to develop six new DoB parametric equations for the fatigue analysis and design of axially loaded two-planar DYT-joints.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.551-555
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• 2004

In this paper, in order to reduce the high COO (cost of ownership) and COC (cost of consumables), we have collected the silica abrasive powders by filtering method after subsequent CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) process for the purpose of abrasives recycling. And then, we have studied the possibility of recycle of reused silica abrasive through the analysis of particle size distribution and FE-SEM (field emission-scanning electron microscope) measurements of abrasive powders. It was annealed the collected abrasive powders to promote the mechanical strength of reduced abrasion force. Finally, we compared the CMP characteristics between self-developed KOH-based silica abrasive slurry and original slurry. As our experimental results, we obtained the comparable rate of removal and good planarity with commercial products. Consequently we can expect the saving of high cost slurry.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제35권6_1호
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• pp.973-985
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 저비용으로 생성할 수 있는 무인항공기 기반의 포인트 클라우드를 사용하여 평면성 분석을 통해 지면과 건물 영역을 분리하고 자동으로 건물 모델을 생성하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 총 다섯 단계로 구성된다. 첫 단계에서는 입력되는 포인트 클라우드의 평면성을 분석하여 포인트 클라우드를 구성하는 평면들을 추출하였다. 두 번째 단계에서는 추출된 평면들을 분석하여 지표면에 해당하는 평면을 찾고 포인트 클라우드에서 해당 평면 기준으로 포인트들을 제거하였다. 세 번째 단계에서는 지표면이 제거된 포인트 클라우드를 정사 투영하여 영상을 제작하였다. 네 번째 단계에서는 정사 투영된 영상에서 각각의 객체의 외곽선을 추출하고 외곽선의 넓이와 넓이, 길이 비율을 이용하여 건물 불인정 영역을 제거하였다. 마지막 단계에서는 건물의 지표면 높이와 건물의 높이를 이용하여 건물의 외곽점을 구성하고 3D 건물 모델을 생성하였다. 제안한 방법을 검증하기 위하여 무인항공기 영상을 이용해 제작된 포인트 클라우드를 사용하였으며, 실험을 통해 제안 기법을 통해 무인항공기 기반 포인트 클라우드에서 자동으로 건물의 3D 모델이 생성 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권6_1호
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• pp.1349-1365
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• 2020

최근 스마트 시티, 디지털 트윈 등에 실제 3차원 좌표를 취득할 수 있는 이점에 따라 포인트 클라우드를 이용한 모델 생성에 관한 연구가 늘어나고 있으며, 건물 형상 및 텍스처의 수정이 용이한 솔리드 모델에 대한 요구가 늘어나고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 포인트 클라우드 데이터를 기반으로 군집형 솔리드 건물 모델을 생성하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 총 다섯단계로 구성된다. 첫 단계에서는 포인트 클라우드의 평면성 분석을 통해 지면을 제거하였다. 두 번째 단계에서는 지면이 제거된 포인트 클라우드에서 건물 영역을 추출하였다. 세 번째 단계에서는 건물의 세부 구조물 영역을 추출하였다. 네 번째 단계에서는 추출된 영역에 3차원 좌표정보가 부여된 3차원 건물 모델의 형상을 생성하였다. 마지막 단계에서는 건물 모델 형상에 텍스처를 부여하여 3차원 건물 솔리드 모델을 생성하였다. 제안하는 방법의 검증을 위하여 상용 소프트웨어를 이용해 무인항공기 영상으로부터 포인트 클라우드를 추출하여 실험하였다. 그 결과, 포인트 클라우드 내에 존재하는 일정 높이 이상의 모든 건물에 대하여 포인트 클라우드 대비 위치오차 1 m 내외의 3차원 건물 형상을 생성하고, 원본 영상 해상도 대비 2배 이내의 해상도를 갖는 텍스처링이 수행된 3차원 모델이 생성되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2019

An automotive automatic transmission is a popular power-transmitting device in passenger vehicles, as it provides various speed ratios for diverse driving conditions with easy manipulation and smooth gear shifting. The transmission is mainly composed of input and output shafts, planetary gear sets, brakes/clutches, and housing, and it yields multiple forward gears and one reverse gear by actuating the shifting devices of the brakes and clutches. In developing a new transmission, kinematic configurations of a transmission, which presents a brief structure and actuation schemes for speed ratios, need to be checked to determine if the structure can be assembled in a layout. It is impossible for a transmission concept having any interference in connecting main components to be developed further in the design process, since connection interference leads to failure of a layout design in the 2-D plane. In this research, an analysis of the assemblability of a front-wheel drive automatic transmission is carried out on an example concept design by applying the vertex addition algorithm based on graph theory.

• 약학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 1994

The structure-activity relationships of (E)-chalcone-4-carboxylic acids, flavone-4'-carboxylic acids, two types of aromatic amides, terephthalic monoanilides, and (arylcarboxamido)benzoic acids, which were made by Shudo group, are discussed by conformation analysis(AM1) of retinoic acid and those compounds. Conformer of each compound is superimposed on the conformationally restricted compound, 4-(6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-6,6,9,9-tetramethyl-4H-4-oxonaphto[ 2,3-b]pyran-2-yl) benzoic acid(Fv80), possessing the strongest differentiation-inducing activity on human promyelocytic leukemia cells HL-60. The results indicated that the lengths between the carboxylic carbon and the two 6, 9 carbons binding to dimethyl, 1.20 nm and 1.09 nm, as well as the planarity of molecule are very important factors for the activity, especially 1.20 nm. In the case of the recently synthesized azulenic retinoic acids by Sato, et al. in 1993, the distance probably is also important, resulted from superimposing them on a Ch55 conformer and Fv80. The distance 1.0 nm is also important in Ch55. Several conformers of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) are well superimposed on the almost non-flexible Fv80, RA, 9-cis RA, and, specifically s-10,12 cis RA. And a simple hexangular model of RA is suggested to draw RA conformers easily without computer drawing model or molecular model.