• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.488-496
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• 2010

Dens evaginatus is a tooth with cylindrical enamel projection which forms a nodule on occlusal surface. It could be explained as outward overgrowth of inner enamel epithelium or localized hyperplasia of pulpal mesenchymal tissue during tooth development. A problem is that it is likely to be worn out or fractured by mastication ensuing pulpal inflammation. It is occasionally found on the lingual surface of upper anterior teeth as well, called talon cusp. Dens invaginatus is a tooth with deep lingual pit made by invagination of lingual enamel epithelium during tooth development while it is considered normal in terms of size and shape. Radiographically, a part of cervical enamel shows inward growth forming cavity and it is reasonable to say that the base is possibly open to pulpal cavity since they are very close. Talon cusp and dens invaginatus are relatively common abnormality of shape. However it becomes the opposite if the two exist in the same tooth. Once the talon cusp is broken by occlusal force or fissure between cusps is decayed, the complicated structure of canals makes the pulpal treatment difficult. Preventive treatments such as occlusal equilibrium and sealant, and regular oral examination should be preceded and thorough understanding of canal shape, using radiography, is required when pulpal treatment is necessary. This report is about a 9- year-old boy(lower left central incisor), a 8-year-old girl(upper right central incisor), and a 7-year-old boy(upper right central incisor), who have dens invaginatus and talon cusp in the same teeth. The first and the second patients are under pulpal treatments, and the last one is being observed showing no pathologic impressions.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.532-536
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• 2010

Hidden caries is a subtype of the occlusal pit and fissure caries type and is defined as a dentinal caries lesion near the occlusal surface of the tooth seen on a radiograph. In visual examination, the occlusal enamel is seen intact or is minimally perforated. Covert caries, Occlult caries or Fluoride syndrome are used as synonym. The percentage of occlusal dentin lesions that are clinically undetected ranges from 1.4-50%. Little is known about the mechanisms involved in the development of hidden caries. But it is thought that extensive use of topical fluoride or the special bacteriological profile has been a major factor. This case report is about detection and treatment of hidden caries of two children who visited the department of pediatric dentistry, Yonsei University Dental Hospital. The color of caries dentin found in hidden caries lesion is lighter than cavity forming caries, which makes it more difficult to detect caries by visual examination. Therefore diagnosis of hidden caries is often accomplished after clinical sign is recognized by patients. The use of advanced caries detection aids such as Diagnodent.. with periodic radiographic examination is seemed to be helpful for early detection of hidden caries.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.129-139
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of pediatric and adolescent patients who received sealant after health insurance coverage based on demographic factors such as gender, age, insurance type, care institution and region. Patient Sample Data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service were used for this study. A total of 8,454,636 patients' data were obtained from 2010 to 2017. Of these, 114,680 patients got sealant treatment. Females were more likely to receive sealant treatment than males. 5 - 9 year age group showed the highest number of patients and proportion of treatment. Patients with health insurance were more likely to receive pit and fissure sealant treatment compared to patients with medical aid program. The number of sealant patients and the proportion of sealant treatment were the highest in dental clinics, followed by dental hospitals and public health centers. The number of sealant patients were the highest in Gyeonggi and proportion of sealant patients were the highest in Jeonbuk.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.305-309
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• 2009

Dens evaginatus is a dental anomaly most commonly seen in premolar teeth in which a tubercle or protuberance projects from either the center of the occlusal surface or the buccal triangular ridge. These tubercles are easily fractured from mastication as the tooth erupts and frequently leads to pulp necrosis as a common complication. To prevent these sequelae, prophylactic treatment soon after the tooth starts erupting is essential. These preventive treatments include, selective grinding and protection of the tubercle by pit and fissure sealant. When the tooth does shows signs of pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis, endodontic procedures are needed. Apexification and apexogenesis are usually the treatment of choice for the affected teeth which have immature apices. Apexogenesis is a vital pulp therapy procedure performed to encourage continued physiological development and formation of the root end. It involves removal of the inflamed pulp and the placement of calcium hydroxide on the remaining healthy pulp tissue. This case report describes an atypical apexogenesis of a mandibular premolar which showed to be a dens evaginatus. The tooth which was treated with calcium hydroxide shows good results and is planned for permanent root canal filling.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2003

The researcher worked with a total of 158 high school girls visiting the scaling practice room at the department of dental hygiene in Jinju Health college from November 11, 2002 to December 4, 2002, having their teeth scaled, observing their teeth and interviewing them with the aid of questionnaires. The findings can be summarized as follows. 1. The survey on the understanding of dental health and the attitudes of the subjects shows the following results : "I have never learned how to brush teeth" (65.8%: 104 girls); "I brush my teeth twice a day" (57.0%: 90 girls) : "I brush my teeth for 2 minutes"(44.3%: 70 girls): "I brush my teeth vertically and horizontally" (53.2%: 84 girls): "( brush my teeth, gum and tongue" (462%: 73 girls): "I use one brush for two months" (40.5%: 64 girls); "I don't have any floss" (582%: 92 girls): "I have never had my teeth scaled" (84.2%: 133girls) : "Smoking is bad for the teeth" (77.8%: 123 girls): "Drinking is bad for the teeth" (48.7%: 77 girls): "I have ever visited dental clinics" (92.4%: 146 girls). 2. The study on part of the teeth most exposed to caries shows the following results : Mandibular right first molar(79.8%: 126 girls): Mandibular left first molar(77.5%: 124 girls), Mandibular left second molar(70.2%: 111 girls). Mandibular right second molar(65.7%: 104 girls). Maxillary left first molar(59.5%: 94 girls): Maxillary left second molar(59.5%: 94 girls): Maxillary right first molar(58.2%: 92 girls). Maxillary right second molar(50.7%: 80 girls) 3. The statistics on the subjects' caries show the following results: DMF rate: 943%: DMFT rate: 25.61%: DMFT index: 7.17 teeth : DT rate: 4651%: FT rate: 52.25%: MT rate: 124% 4. The survey on dental caries statistics, dental health, dental health behavior, and the subjects' attitudes shows the following results: The worse the subjects' dental health was(r=-327, p<.001), the more they visited dental clinics(r=.195, p<.05), the higher DMT rate, DMFT index were; The more the subjects visited dental clinics(r =.359, p<.001), the higher DT rate was; The worse the subjects teeth went(r=-.197, p<.05), the higher MT rate was. It is necessary that systematic and substantial dental health education for high school students should be carried out in regard to plaque control, fluoride application, diet control, pit & fissure sealant as a part of developing national health policies designed for the dental health of the teenagers.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.375-380
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• 2008

This study evaluated the effect of an school-based oral health program supplied to primary school children in Anyang city. This program included oral health education, pit and fissure sealing, fluoride mouth rinsing and professional tooth brushing. The numbers of the subjects were 311 children in the program participant group and 165 children in the control group which were not in the program. Data were analyzed with t-test, one way ANOVA and pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS WIN 12.0 program. In attitude, behavior of oral hygiene, participant group was better than the control group. In case of the perceived oral health, satisfaction of oral health, need oral treatment there was no significant difference between the two groups. These results suggest that school children can learn the good attitude and behaviors and oral health promotion can be achived from the oral health program run by shool dental clinic.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2014

Although adolescents usually show peculiar aspects in oral health status, there have been not so many studies about it, while there have been innumerable studies for children. This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of dental caries of adolescents in Yangsan in Republic of Korea, detecting its contributing factors, and distinguishing the high-risk group by epidemiological mass survey. Besides, the significance including early caries lesion in diagnosis criteria was assessed with minimal invasive concept. This survey was performed on 1,371 adolescents aged 14 to 16 in Yangsan as subject examinees by a single trained examiner. The dental caries status was checked by oral examination at schools and questionnaire survey was accompanied for some relevant risk factors. The data were analyzed to yield the results as follows: Regarding the caries experience, the DMFT score by WHO criteria with ECL including or not was 4.79 and 3.97 respectively. In both the criteria, female showed higher values and that of high-risk group was almost twice compared with whole examinees by Sic Index. About pit & fissure sealed rate, it revealed the tendency that the more sealed teeth, the lower DMFT values. Among the studied risk factors, only the habit of brushing before going to bed showed positive relationship (p < 0.05).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2002

A number of techniques may be employed to reduce the discomfort of syringe or needle for dental care. The use of topical anesthesia is one such method. Topical anesthetics are applied to alleviate pain during many clinical procedures, such as injection of local infiltration anesthetics, primary tooth extraction, X-ray taking of sensitive patients, reducing gag reflex prior to impression taking. In children, placement of a rubber dam clamp, however, may cause significant discomfort for purpose of pit and fissure sealant and preventive resin restoration(PRR). A topical anesthetic would be beneficial to aid in rubber dam placement for this purpose. It has been suggested that all intra-oral topical anesthetics are equally effective on reflected mucosa, however EMLA(an acronym for eutectic mixture of local anesthetics), which was developed in the 1980s and produces surface anesthesia of skin, has been shown to be more effective than conventional topical anesthetics when used on attached gingivae. This report is topical anesthesized 4 case by EMLA cream, who showed better effect in reducing the pain of infiltration anesthesia, extraction of deciduous teeth, rubber dam clamp placement and reducing the pain of preformed crown adaptation.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.196-203
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• 2003

The application of sealants is a highly technique-sensitive procedure, requiring an extremely dry field prior to placement. Moisture contamination of the etched enamel surface before sealant placement is cited as the main reason for sealant failure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different methods of sealant application on the shear bond strength of sealants to enamel. In groups 1, 2, 3, 4 Teethmate(unfilled sealant) was used, while Ultraseal XTplus(filled sealant) was used in groups 5, 6, 7, 8. Groups 1 and 5(control) were acid etched for 15 seconds using 35% phosphoric acid, washed and then dried. In groups 2, 6 drying agents were applied, and in groups 3, 7 bonding agents were applied and light cured. In groups 4 and 8 both drying agent and bonding agent were applied. Then sealant was cured to the specimen using molds 3mm in diameter and 2mm in height. Thermocycling was performed and shear bond strength was finally measured. The following results were obtained : 1. Groups using filled sealant(groups 5, 6, 7, 8) showed higher shear bond strengths compared to groups using unfilled sealant(groups 1, 2, 3, 4). 2. Among groups using unfilled sealant(groups 1, 2, 3, 4), groups 2, 3, 4 showed significantly higher shear bond strength compared to group 1(p<0.05). There were no significant differences among groups 2, 3 and 4. 3. There were no significant differences(p>0.05) among groups using filled sealant(groups 5, 6, 7, 8). 4. When modes of fracture were examined, cohesive failure was observed in groups 2, 3 and 4.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.486-494
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in microleakage of enamel-sealant interface when all-in-one adhesives were used compared with conventional acid etching and single-bottle adhesive system. Seventy-five extracted permanent third molars were randomly divided into 5 groups and treated with only Etching, $Adper^{TM}\;Single\;Bond^{TM}\;Adper^{TM}\;Prompt^{TM}$ L-Pop, AQ-bond and One-up Bond F each. After sealant application, the samples were thermocycled and the degree of microleakage was determined. The results were as follows : 1. Group 3, 4, 5 using the all-in-one adhesive system showed significantly higher microleakage score than Group 1(p<0.05). 2. The lowest mean microleakage score was Group 2(0.41) followed by Group 1(1.05) Group 3(1.65), Group 4(2.85) and Group 5(3.05). 3. Among Groups using all-in-one adhesives, Group 3 showed significantly lower mean microleakage score than the other groups(p<0.05) but showed significantly higher mean score than both Group 1 and Group 2(p<0.05). 4. There was no statistically significant difference(p>0.05) between Group 4 and Group 5. 5. In SEM examination, all the groups used all-in-one adhesive showed shorter resin tags than Group 1.