• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2016

Because the Apple Pay which created by U.S's Apple Inc. and launch of Samsung pay in last August in domestic, people have high interest in Pin-Tech industries and new method of easy payment. In this paper, it will study newly introduced Pin-Tech industries and marketability of Pin-Tech industries. Also it will propose safe use of Pin-Tech services based on cases in domestic and overseas. This paper is organized as follows. In Chapter 2, it will study concept of Pin-Tech services and status of Pin-Tech services in domestic and overseas. In Chapter 3, it will look technical trends of Pin-Tech services. In Chapter 4, it will propose direction based on analysis of cases of Pin-Tech services. This paper will finish with conclusion in Chapter 5. Given the global trends, Korea is now just took the first steps in new Pin-Tech era. The Pin-Tech services are in situations that it is not yet activated in domestic due to the various financial regulations and procedures. In this paper, it will shows cases of concerns of Pin-Tech services and domestic authentication which relates to easy payment certification. If Pin-Tech services are develop with easy payment certification and adapt to domestic environment and develop based on stability and security as mentioned in this paper, domestic Pin-Tech services and security technology will grow to the world level. Also it requires unceasing research and efforts from relevant government officials, security companies and Pin-Tech ICT companies.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2017

Due to development of IT, various Internet services via the non-face-to-face are increasing rapidly. In the past, the resident registration numbers (RRN) was used a mean of personal identification, but the use of RRN is prohibited by the relevant laws, and the personal identification services using alternative means are activated. According to the prohibition policy of RRN, i-PIN service appeared as an alternative means to identify a person. However, the user's knowledge-based i-PIN service continues to cause fraudulent issuance, account hijacking, and fraud attempts due to hacking accidents. Due to these problems, the usage rate of i-PIN service which performs a nationwide free personal identification service, is rapidly decreasing. Therefore, this paper proposes a technical safety enhancement method for security enhancement in the i-PIN-based personal identification service. In order to strengthen the security of i-PIN, this paper analyzes the encryption key exposure, key exchange and i-PIN authentication model problems of i-PIN and suggests countermeasures. Through the proposed paper, the i-PIN can be expected to be used more effectively as a substitution of RRN by suggesting measures to enhance the safety of personal identification information. Secured personal identification services will enable safer online non-face-to-face transactions. By securing the technical, institutional, and administrative safety of the i-PIN service, the usage rate will gradually increase.

• 융복합기술연구소 논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2015

A Pin-fin array is widely used to enhance the heat transfer in the internal cooling passage. The heat transfer distribution around the pin-fin is varied by the horseshoe vortex and flow separation. The difference of heat transfer coefficient induces the large thermal stress, which is one of the major reasons to break of hot components. So, it is required to enhance the heat transfer on the back side of pin-fin to solve the thermal stress problem. This study suggests the pin-fin with inclined jet hole and complex pin-fin/dimple array to enhance the heat transfer on the back side of pin-fin. The heat transfer coefficient is predicted by the numerical analysis, which is performed by CFX 14.0. The numerical results are obtained at Reynolds number, 10,000. The results show that the heat transfer on the back side of pin-fin is increased in both cases. Beside, the wake, which comes from dimple and jet, helps to develop the horseshoe vortex and increase the heat transfer on the next row pin-fin.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.159-179
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• 2015

In 2005, Korean government created the Internet Personal Identification Number (i-PIN) for a new online personal identification system to protect citizens' personal information against criminal abuse. However, i-PINs have not been widely in use over a decade. Although many people joined the i-PIN service, its actual use rate has been low. This study intends to identify the factors necessary to boost the continuous use of i-PINs. It was shown that government support and perceived security had a positive effect on the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of the i-PIN, respectively. Perceived security also directly affected the continuous use intention of the i-PIN. The perceived ease of use significantly affected the perceived usefulness, but it did not affect the intention to continuously use the i-PIN. The factor that had the most significant influence on the continuous use intention of the i-PIN was perceived usefulness. To increase the i-PIN use rate, Korean government must reduce users' anxiety through strict security functions, and must attempt to help people use the i-PIN easily.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2005

직렬 PIN 다이오드 스위치의 격리도는 PIN 다이오드의 병렬 커패시턴스에 의해 제한을 받으며, 스위치 구동회로는 PIN 다이오드 스위치의 스위칭 속도를 제한한다. 이런 문제를 극복하기 위해, 병렬 공진 인턱턴스와 TTL 호환의 스위치 구동회로가 적용된 높은 격리도와 고속 스위칭의 PIN 다이오드 스위치를 제안하였다. 3 GHz PIN 다이오드 스위치의 측정 결과, 1 GHz의 주파수 대역폭, 1.5 dB 이내의 삽입 손실, 65 dB의 격리도, 15 dB 이상의 반사 손실 그리고 30 ns 이내의 스위칭 속도를 나타내었다. 특히, 병렬 공진 인덕턴스를 사용한 3 GHz스위치는 15 dB의 격리도 향상을 나타내었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.2431-2441
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• 2020

Currently, the pin-by-pin homogenized solvers are a very active research field as they can, unlike the nodal codes, directly predict the local power, while requiring significantly less computational resources than the heterogeneous transport codes. This paper presents a recently developed pin-by-pin diffusion/SP3 solver Tortin, its spatial discretization method and the reflector treatment. Regarding the spatial discretization, it was observed that the finite difference method applied on pin-cell size mesh does not properly capture the big flux change between MOX and uranium fuel, while the nodal expansion method is more accurate but too slow. If the finite difference method is used with a finer mesh in the outer two pin rows of the fuel assembly, it increases the required computation time by only 50%, but decreases the pin power errors below 1% with respect to lattice code reference solutions. The paper further describes the coupling of Tortin with a microscopic depletion solver. Several verification tests show that the SP3 pin-by-pin solver can reproduce the heterogeneous transport solvers results with very good accuracy, even for fuel cycle depletion of very heterogeneous core employing MOX fuel or inserted control rods, while being two orders of magnitude faster.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.814-820
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• 2015

PinX1, a nucleolar protein of 328 amino acids, inhibits telomerase activity, which leads to the shortening of telomeres. The C-terminal region of PinX1 is responsible for its nucleolar localization and binding with TERT, a catalytic component of telomerase. A fraction of TERT localizes to the nucleolus, but the role of TERT in the nucleolus is largely unknown. Here, we report a functional connection between PinX1 and TERT regarding PinX1 stability. The C-terminal of $PinX1^{205-328}$, a nucleolar fragment, was much more stable than the N-terminal of $PinX1^{1-204}$, a nuclear fragment. Interestingly, PinX1 was less stable in TERT-depleted cells and more stable in TERT-myc expressing cells. Stability assays for PinX1 truncation forms showed that both $PinX1^{1-328}$ and $PinX1^{205-328}$, nucleolar forms, were more rapidly degraded in TERT-depleted cells, while they were more stably maintained in TERT-overexpressing cells, compared to each of the controls. However, $PinX1^{1-204}$ was degraded regardless of the TERT status. These results reveal that the stability of PinX1 is maintained in nucleolus in the presence of TERT and suggest a role of TERT in the regulation of PinX1 steady-state levels.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.484-491
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 Ku-대역 위성통신 중계기에 사용되는 전압제어형 PIN 다이오드 감쇄기를 설계, 제작, 측정하고 이 감쇄기의 온도 특성 변화를 보상하기 위한 온도보상회로를 제안하였다. PIN 다이오드 감쇄기는 박막 하이브리드 기술을 이용하여 설계되었으며 PIN 다이오드 감쇄기를 전압제어형으로 사용할 경우 최대 선형 특성을 얻을 수 있는 부하 저항(R$_{L}$)의 값을 Simulation 및 실험에 의해 결정되었다. 최적의 부하 저항값은 사용한 PIN 다이오드의 특성에 의해 달라지며, 본 논문에서 사용한 APD-0805의 경우 150$\Omega$의 부하저항으로 PIN 다이오드 한 개에 10 dB 까지 선형 감쇄범위를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 부하 저항을 포함한 PM 다이오드 감쇄기의 온도 특성을 측정하였고, 측정결과 관찰된 PIN 다이오드 감쇄기가 전압제어형으로 사용되어질 경우의 가장 큰 단점인 온도 특성의 심각한 변화를 보상할 수 있는 온도보상회로를 제안하였다. 제안된 온도보상회로를 갖는 PIN 다이오드 감쇄기는 동작온도에 대해 선형적인 특성을 보이며 동작온도 범위에 걸쳐 0.6 dB 이하의 오차만을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2018

이 논문에서는 스마트폰에서 사용자 인증 프로토콜에 머신러닝을 사용하는 기법을 제안한다. 우리가 제안하는 기법은 사용자가 PIN을 입력할 때, PIN 뿐만 아니라 추가적으로 스크린을 터치하는 시간 간격 및 위치를 인증 정보로 수집하여 식별자로 사용하는 기법이다. 먼저 사용자 등록 단계에서 다수의 사용자 터치 시간 및 위치 데이터를 수집 한 다음, 그 데이터로 머신러닝을 이용하여 모델을 제작한다. 그리고 사용자 인증 단계에서 사용자가 입력한 PIN을 비교하고, PIN이 일치하면 사용자의 터치 시간 및 위치 데이터를 모델에 입력하여 기존에 수집한 데이터와 거리를 비교하여, 그에 따라 인증 성공 여부가 결정된다. 우리는 사용성 실험과 보안성 실험을 통하여 이 기법을 사용하는데 큰 불편이 없다는 것(FRR : 0%)과, 이전의 사용되고 있던 PIN 입력 기법보다 안전하다는 것(FAR : 0%)을 보였고, 그에 따라 충분히 사용될 수 있는 기법이라는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 숄더 서핑 공격 실험을 통하여 PIN이 유출되어도 보안 사고가 발생하기 힘들다는 것(FAR : 5%)을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2011-2016
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• 2018

In this study, we have been investigated pin to plate pulsed bi-polar discharges in saline solutions, where bubble generation occurs. We integrate basic I-V-t electrical characteristics with the ICCD shadowgraph images, and finally instant and time averaged I-V waveforms. We observed that the bubble formation phase dynamics is quite different corresponding to the polarity applied to the pin electrode. When the pin electrode is a cathode, the bubble tends to be periodically detached from the pin electrode and the numerous tiny voltage spikes occur related to the electron emission from a pin cathode casing via, we judge from, direct dissociation of water molecules by energetic electrons. On the contrary, the bubble tends to stick to the pin electrode, when the pin electrode is anode; the bubble grows in size throughout the pulse duration. The dynamic electrical characteristics relative to the applied polarity of a pin electrode are presented and discussed by analysis of time averaged I-V waveforms.