• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제27권7호
• /
• pp.1019-1025
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to observe the effects of crossbreeding and gender on the carcass traits and meat quality of Korean Native Black Pig (KNP) and $KNP{\times}Duroc$ crossbred ($KNP{\times}D$). A total of 50 pigs comprising seven KNP barrows, eight KNP gilts, twenty $KNP{\times}D$ barrows and fifteen $KNP{\times}D$ gilts were used in this study. Animals were reared in the same housing condition with same feed diet for six months prior to slaughter. After an overnight chilling, the carcasses were graded, and samples of Musculus longissimus dorsi were obtained for meat quality analysis. The slaughter and carcass weights and dressing percentage of $KNP{\times}D$ were higher (p<0.001) than those of KNP. The slaughter and carcass weights and backfat thickness of barrows were higher (p<0.01) than those of gilts. There were no significant difference in carcass conformation and quality grade between KNP and $KNP{\times}D$ as well as barrow and gilt. Fat content of $KNP{\times}D$ was higher (p<0.001) than that of KNP. Fat content of barrow was higher (p<0.001) than that of gilt. There was interaction between crossbreeding and gender on the fat content. KNP gilt showed higher fat content than KNP barrow whereas $KNP{\times}D$ barrow showed higher fat content than $KNP{\times}D$ gilt. Lightness, redness, yellowness, chroma and hue angle values and color preference of meat of $KNP{\times}D$ were lower (p<0.001) than those of KNP. Redness, yellowness and chroma values of meat of barrow were lower (p<0.05) than those of gilt. It is concluded that crossbreeding KNP with Duroc increases carcass productivity and meat fat but decreases meat color values and preference. Crossbreeding of KNP with Duroc produces a better fat deposition in meat of barrows than in gilts.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.539-556
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 남녀학생의 학습을 공평하게 향상시킬 수 있는 방법을 모색하기 위한 일환으로, GSP를 사용한 테셀레이션 활동이 중학교 남녀학생의 수학적 성취도와 수학적 성향에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 중학교 남녀학생의 4학급을 대상으로 컴퓨터 환경의 기하적 교수학습자료가 2005년 2학기 3개월에 걸쳐 사용되었으며 사전, 사후 검사지로 자료수집이 이루어졌다. 연구결과는 테셀레이션 활동을 하였을 때 기하의 변환 학습의 성취도에서 유의미하게 차이가 났으며 여학생이 남학생보다 우수하였다. 이는 기하 또는 테크놀로지 환경에서 선행연구의 결과와 크게 대조를 이루는 것으로 매우 높은 여학생의 학습 성취 결과는 여학생들이 이런 종류의 학습 환경을 지원받았을 때, 자신들이 활동한 것을 학습요소와 더 잘 연결함을 나타낸다. 수학적 성향에서는 여학생들은 유의미한 수준은 아니었지만 긍정적인 변화를 나타내었고 향상도가 가파르게 상승하는 것으로 보아, 이보다 장기간의 테셀레이션 활동을 하게 된다면 더욱 유의미한 산출물을 가져올 것으로 예측할 수 있었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.89-99
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to develop the diagnosis techniques for sex determination of rabbit embryos at preimplantation stage. To detect male specific sequences using polymerase chain reaction, two genes functional on sex determination including SRY and ZFX/Y genes were targeted using multiple oligonucleotide primer sets. Three of them for conserved SRY gene were used for appropriate amplification pattern, and then only one primer set #3 proved to be most efficient, showing male-specific strong signal ofamplified sequences. Using this male specific bandsfrom human, cattle, pig and mouse, the gender of rabbit was determined. As an another system for sex determination system, amplified 910bp fragment from ZFX/Y was digested with several restriction endonuclease and showed gender specific restriction fragments only by Hinf I. Using two different system for sex identification of rabbit in this study, blind tests for 17 samples was conducted and showed identical results from two different methods. And then, amplification limit of PCR reaction for template DNA was estimated using various amounts of DNA for both SRY and ZFX/Y systems, resulted as 20pg and 800pg, respectively. With this results, test for gender identification of rabbit embryos were performed using SRY derived amplification system. From total 22 embryos selected for its developmental state 18 were identified as male embryos, showing significant difference from expected sex ratio 1:1. This biased sex ratio was interpreted as to have been caused by the fact, reported by the fact, reported by several researchers, that male embryos develop more rapidly and are more resistant against the in vitro manipulation than female embryos.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2005

Tessellations are the pattern of iterations of geometric symmetry and translation. We can find them in the works of Escher who is the famous Dutch artist, and the American Indean life. Also, we can find the beauty of tessellations in the Korean traditional house door, Buddist temple architecture, palace's fence, etc. In the article, the figures of patterns we present are bird, fish, cat, pig, elephant, penguin, child and horse riding man, including Escher's, which are constructed using the computer geometric program, GSP (Geometer's Sketchpad). We want to talk about girl's disposition toward mathematics related to the figures. If they are supported by this kind of interesting figures constructed by their own hands, students will have more interest in learning geometric figures.

• 동물자원연구
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.165-171
• /
• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 비육돈의 성이 육질과 맛 특성에 미치는 영향을 구명하는 것으로, 이를 위해 총 90두 삼원교잡 LYD 비육돈(180일령 암퇘지 45두와 거세돈 45두; 각 처리구당 1+, 1, 2등급 15마리씩 배치)의 육질, 기계적 맛 및 관능적 맛을 성별에 따라 조사하였다. 등심근의 pH, 근내지방 함량, 육색 및 전단가는 성별 간 차이가 없었지만(p>0.05), 암퇘지와 거세돈의 육즙감량(1.66% vs 1.21%), 유리수분량(12.19% vs 10.68%) 및 가열감량(23.67% vs 21.04%)에서는 유의적인 차이가 확인되었다(p<0.05). 전자혀 측정치는 거세돈의 신맛의 강도가 암퇘지보다 유의적으로 낮은 반면, 감칠맛과 감칠맛후미의 강도는 높았다(p<0.05). 관능검사에서는 풍미, 다즙성 및 연도에서 거세돈이 높은 점수를 받은 결과, 기호성에서도 거세돈(5.51점)이 암퇘지(4.86점)보다 유의적으로 높은 점수를 얻었다(p<0.05). 이러한 결과로부터, 암퇘지보다 높은 거세돈의 보수력이 감칠맛 강도를 증가시켜 관능적 맛도 좋게 한 것으로 사료되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.683-689
• /
• 2014

This study examined carcass and meat quality parameters in growing/finishing pigs fed unconventionally versus the concentrate-based system. Ninety-six, 12 wk old pigs ($34{\pm}SD0.3kg$) were randomly divided into three groups, assigned to one of the three dietary treatments: standard complete concentrate mixture, conventional (C diet); unconventional, steamed potato-green forage-concentrate based diet (U diet), and unconventional basal diet+herbage mix (UH diet). Pigs fed U diet showed lower dressing percentage, meatiness, loin eye area, and weight of pork neck ($p{\leq}0.05$), but their carcasses were significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) longer and had increased backfat depth ($p{\leq}0.05$). There was no impact of the diet on the meat content of dry matter, crude ash, acidity, and colour parameters of m. longissimus. Unconventional feeding significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) elevated water the holding capacity of m. longissimus and slightly improved the sensory attributes analysis of meat. The addition of herbs resulted in increased loin eye area ($p{\leq}0.05$), decreased fat content ($p{\leq}0.05$) in m. longissimus, and tended to improve some sensory attributes of meat. There were significant gender differences in response to all diets. There were significant diet${\times}$sex interactions for some measured variables, but there were no clearly identifiable trends with regard to any specific carcass or meat parameters. Feeding unconventional diet to pigs may offer better culinary attributes of the meat, and improve some technologically important characteristics of pig carcass, but may negatively affect some carcass or meat parameters.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제29권8호
• /
• pp.1181-1187
• /
• 2016

The objective of the study was to evaluate fattening performance, carcass value and meat quality in pigs of Prestice Black-Pied breed in relation to slaughter weight (SW) and gender (barrows and gilts, resp.). Pigs were divided into weight categories: SW1 (75 to 99.9 kg), SW2 (100 to 109.9 kg) and SW3 (110 to 130 kg) and all individual traits were analyzed by the general linear model procedure (SAS 9.3). Average SW of each weight group was as follows: SW1 94.2 kg, SW2 105.8 kg, and SW3 115.2 kg. Differences among average backfat thickness of 36.07 mm in SW1, 40.16 mm in SW2, and 43.21 mm in SW3 were significant (p<0.01). Lean meat content was 48.94% (SW1), 48.78% (SW2), and 48.76% (SW3). Pigs were slaughtered at average weight of 105.7 kg for barrows and 104.4 kg for gilts. Average backfat thickness for barrows was 40.90 mm and 38.72 mm for gilts (significant difference p<0.05). Lean meat content was 48.75% in barrows and 48.91% in gilts. The values of pH45, characterizing the meat of very good quality. The loin in SW3 was darker than the muscles of SW1 and SW2. Drip loss was the lowest in SW1 (1.96%), compared to the highest drip loss in SW3 (2.59%). Content of intramuscular fat was 2.68% in SW3, 2.79% in SW2, and SW1 had the lowest content 2.47%. The values of pH45, colour lightness and drip loss were similar in both genders. However barrows had higher intramuscular fat content by 0.31% than gilts (p<0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제26권7호
• /
• pp.905-910
• /
• 2013

This study was performed to determine the influence of pig breed and gender on the ultimate pH and physicochemical properties of pork. The correlations between pH and pork quality traits directly related to carcass grade, and consumer's preference were also evaluated. The pH and meat grading scores for cold carcasses of 215 purebred pigs (Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire) from four different farms were obtained. Meat quality parameters of the pork loin were analyzed. Duroc and female animals were more affected compared to other breeds and male pigs. Duroc animals had the highest ultimate pH, carcass back fat thickness, marbling scores, yellowness, and fat content (p<0.05). Landrace pigs had the highest color lightness and cooking loss values (p<0.05). Among all trait parameters, marbling scores showed the highest significant differences when evaluating the impact of breed and gender on meat quality characteristics (p<0.001). Ultimate pH was positively correlated with carcass weight (0.20), back fat thickness (0.19), marbling score (0.17), and color score (0.16) while negatively correlated with cooking loss (-0.24) and shear force (-0.20). Therefore, pork samples with lower ultimate pH had lower cooking loss, higher lightness, and higher shear force values irrespective of breed.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.183-188
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 도체 등급 판정을 받은 비육돈 YL 및 YLD 종중 암퇘지 128두와 거세돈 528두, 총 656두를 공시동물로 성별 및 품종별로 도체 등급 출현율을 조사하고, 도체 및 육질특성을 파악하여 고급 돈육 생산에 필요한 기초적 자료를 얻고자 실시하였다. 상위 도체등급(A와 B등급)은 전체 중 62.19%의 높은 출현율을 보였고, 성별로 암퇘지가 67.96%와 거세돈이 60.80%로 암퇘지가 거세돈보다 높았다. 도체중 전체 평균치는 $88.7{\pm}8.71 kg$, 등지방 두께 평균은 $24.3{\pm}4.94 mm$, 육색도 평균은 $3.5{\pm}0.77$, 보수력 평균은 $52.5{\pm}37.94$, 근내 지방도 평균은 $1.7{\pm}0.88$, 평균 도체등급은 $2.8{\pm}1.19$, 그리고 출하 평균 일령은 $176.8{\pm}8.24$일이었다. 성별 도체 특성에서 도체중은 암컷보다 거세돈에서 약간 높은 경향을 보였고, 등지방 두께는 암컷보다 거세돈에서 유의하게(p<0.05) 두꺼웠다. 육색도, 근내 지방도, 보수력 및 출하일령은 암컷과 거세돈에서 유의차는 없었으나, 도체등급은 암컷이 거세돈보다 다소 높은 경향을 보였고, PSE 출현을은 암컷이 4.7%로 거세돈 12.7%보다 우수하였다. 도체중별 도체 특성에서 등지방 두께는 도체중이 무거울수록 유의하게(p<0.05) 두꺼웠다. 육색도와 출하일령은 도체중간에 유의성은 없었으나, 근내지방도와 보수력은 도체중간에 유의한(p<0.05) 차이를 보였다. 등지방 두께별 도체 특성에서 도체증은 등지방 두께간에 유의성 있게(p<0.05) 등지방 두께가 두꺼울수록 도체중도 함께 무거웠다. 근내 지방도와 PSE 출현율은 등지방 두께간에 유의성 있는 차이는 없었다. YL종과 YLD종에서 등지방 두께가 중간층인 $21{\sim}25 mm$군에서 각각 44.8%와 32.0%로 가장 높은 빈도를 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보면 도체등급과 육질이 양호한 돼지고기를 생산하기 위해서는 너무 단축된 출하일령, 지나친 도체중, 너무 얇은 등지방 두께 등이 되지 않도록 적절하게 관리해야 바람직할 것으로 사료되었다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 2024

Soybean meal (SBM) is a high-protein plant product commonly used as the primary protein source in pig diets. However, its price has been steadily rising, prompting us to search for cost-effective, high-yield protein sources. This experiment aimed to assess the effects of partial replacing SBM with 6% of palm kernel meal (PKM), lupin kernel (LK), rapeseed meal (RSM), and distillers dried grains solubles (DDGS) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal scoring in growing pigs. A total of 200 (Yorkshire × Duroc) growing pigs with an initial weight of 34.83 ± 1.38 kilograms were utilized in this research for 29 days. All pigs were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments based on their gender and initial body weight, Each treatment consisted of 10 replicates with 2 barrows and 2 gilts per pen. The dietary treatments were as follows: control (CON), a corn-SBM-based diet; and basal diet supplemented with 6% of different plant byproducts (PKM, LK, RSM, and DDGS) Adding 6% of RSM to the basal diet showed slightly higher daily gain (2.520 > 2.513) and there was no difference observed on the nutrient digestibilty and fecal score. Replacing soybean meal with different plant byproducts has no adverse effect on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal score.