• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.411-418
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• 1992

Recently, onset of bacterial disease, especially infiltration of chronic respiratory diseases have been increasing at high rate. The main cause of these diseases are originated from inappropriate sanitary management and slow progress in introducing system and herd free system, which are the base of productivity improvement in bigger pig management, Methods for the prevention and removal of these diseases, are divided into four categories. The first category includes prevention and removal of infectious diseases by organizing strict animal quarantine, enforcing vaccination, and legal regulation and disposal at the time of outbreak. The second category includes improvement of production systems. This purpose can be achieved by discontinuing the open herd system, which brings on the invasion of foreign pathogens and replacing the system by the closed type of farm. To Continue eradication process step-wisely by performing the all-in all-out system at every pig pen or herd level is also effective for this purpose. The third category includes introduction of herd free system can be achieved by repopulating conventional pigs with SPF pigs. If these means are unrealizable from economic or technical viewpoint, medicated early weaning system is perfomed. This system consists of disinfection of pigsty at pre-postpartum stage, application of drugs to pregnant sows and newborn piglets in accordance with the medication program, and early weaning and rearing of newborn piglets in isolation. The fourth category is sanital leading by veterinarians, aimed to eliminating incentives for diseases through diagnoses. Their main activities include periodical monitoring and improvement leading on each responsible subject.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 1993

This study was conducted to determine the main effects of the parity and farrowing season on gestation length and newborn pigs on the basis of the data obtained from 234 litters of Landrace breeds raised at an integrated swine farm in Kyunggy province from January 1991 to December 1992. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1. The average gestation length was 115.37 days, and 114.64 days of 8th parity and over was shorter than those of other parities. 2. The averages of litter size and litter size alive per sow were 9.91 and 9.50 heads. The litter size horn at 1st parity was smaller than at other parities, and the litter size in spring was larger than in summer, autumn or winter. 3. The averages of birth weight per litter and pig were 13.53 kg and 1.37 kg. The effect of farrowing season for each litter weight(p<0.01) and pig weight(p<0.05) at birth was significantly higher in spring than other seasons. 4. Incidence of malformation and stillbirth at birth was 4. 10%, and it at 8th parity and over showed the highest rate(7.50%).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.279-286
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• 2010

Livestock production in Vietnam is, as in most Asian countries, increasing rapidly and changing into specialized highly intensified operations. The volume of animal excreta generated exceeds the capacity of the operation land base and cannot be utilized efficiently. As a consequence, there is a loss of plant nutrients from livestock farms that causes environmental pollution. This study carried out a feed and excretion experiment measuring fecal characteristic, daily fecal production, daily nitrogen and phosphorous excretion from grower-finisher pigs fed prevalent rations in Vietnam. Furthermore, equations for assessing the excretion were tested, which can be used in farm models for optimal recycling of manure while focusing on reducing pollution. The results indicated that fecal production and nutrient excretion were affected by the different rations tested. This study showed that five selected equations for predicting excretion from grower-finisher pigs in Danish conditions can also be used with precision in Vietnamese pig farming systems. The equations have been proven valid and can, therefore, be used as a much needed tool for assessing fecal production and nitrogen in excreta on pig farms. The study also showed that about 12% of nitrogen excreted was emitted during housing. Waste water contains more than half of the nitrogen excreted, mainly in ammonium form which has a high potential for gaseous emission.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.78-82
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• 1984

This study was undertaken to investigate congenital microphthalmia occurred at a pig farm in Gyeongbug province. These microphthalmic piglets composed of 20 piglets farrowed by three different sows(1, 11 and 8 piglets by No.1, 2 and 3 sow, respectively) that were apparently normal during pregnancy and after parturition. Attempts were made to know epidemiological findings and histopathological changes of these piglets and the results were summarized as follows; 1. One piglet from No. 1 sow exhibited staggering and incoordination and remained alive, but 19 piglets from No. 2 and 3 sow died between 3 and 20 minutes after birth. 2. In histopathological finding, hypoplasia and edema of all organs were observed in all piglets, and significant of lesions related to infection of microrganisms were not observed. 3. The cause of microphthalmia was considered as hypovitaminosis A in the sown intaked only barley barn before and during early pregnancy.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the expression of harmful social behaviours in breeding pigs. Totally 64 pure breed pigs were assigned to determine the effect of breed (Yorkshire and Duroc) and sex (male and female) on the expression of each harmful social behaviours at the GGP level commercial breeding farm. Sucking, bothering, fighting and pushing behaviour were selected the notable harmful social behaviour. The most prevailing and the highest proportion of time spent in harmful social behaviours were bothering and sucking, respectively. Total frequency of bothering and fighting were more in Duroc than Yorkshire. Yorkshire had more proportion of time spent in sucking whereas fighting was more in Duroc. According to sex, female pigs had more frequency of sucking and pushing whereas fighting was significantly more in male pigs. The female pigs showed more time spent in sucking whereas bothering and fighting was more in male pigs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.499-504
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• 1987

Two cases of congenital hyperostosis at a pig farm were observed and examined pathologically in Landrace piglets. Twenty two piglets from 2 litters: 10 alive piglets in a litter and 2 stillborn and 10 alive piglets in another, were born with thickened forelimbs and some of them with thickened hindlimbs too. These piglets stowed symptoms of staggering and incoordination. Only one of these piglets could be reared normally and all the others died within 3 days of age. The thickened parts of their limbs were felt firm and not well pitted by finger pressing. An apparent ossification was identified on the central regions of the cross sections of the thickened limbs, and some pale, gray and ossiferous signs were found in the peripheral soft areas. On histopathological examination of the thickened limbs, it was found that the bone trabeculae were newly proliferated in a concentric form in central regions and in a radiated form in peripheral regions. The peripheral regions of the periosteum and perichondrium of new bone were proliferated with connective tissue and the edematous muscle bundles were atrophic and degenerative. Both the sows which produced piglets of congenital hyperostosis were mated with a different boar at next breeding and farrowed normal piglets. It was concluded that the swine congenital hyperostosis in the present cases was expressed by autosomal recessive gene of first mating boar.

• Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.129-132
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• 2017

The current study identified risk factors associated with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection on pig farms in the Republic of Korea using a multinomial logistic regression model to evaluate the PCV2 infection status of pigs at different growth stages. Compulsory disinfection of visitors (odds ratio [OR]: 0.019, 95% confidence interval [CI]: <0.001-0.378, p=0.0095), compulsory registration of visitors (OR: 0.002, 95% CI: <0.001-0.184, p=0.0070), regular blood testing (OR: 0.012, 95% CI: <0.001-0.157, p=0.0007), and running on-farm biosecurity learning programs for workers (OR: 0.156, 95% CI: 0.040-0.604, p=0.0072 and OR: 0.201, 95% CI: 0.055-0.737, p=0.0155, respectively) were identified as factors which could reduce the risk of PCV2 infection. However, visitation by a regular veterinarian (OR: 32.733, 95% CI: 3.768-284.327, p=0.0016) was associated with PCV2 infection.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2023

The increase in the rearing intensity of pigs has caused deterioration in the pig house's internal environment such as temperature, humidity, ammonia gas, and so on. Traditionally, the widely used method to control the internal environment was through the manipulation of the ventilation system. However, the conventional ventilation system had a limitation to control the internal environment, prevent livestock disease, save energy, and reduce odor emission. To overcome this problem, the air-recirculated ventilation system was suggested. This system has a semi-closed loop ventilation type. For designing this system, it was essential to evaluate the ventilation rates considering the pressure loss of ducts. Therefore, in this study, pressure loss calculation and experiment were conducted for the quantitative ventilation design of a semi-closed loop system. The results of the experiment showed that the inlet through which external air flows should always be opened. In addition, it was also found that for the optimum design of the semi-closed loop ventilation system, it was appropriate to install a damper or a backflow prevention device rather than a ventilation fan.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of detection of PRRSV and PRRSV-specific antibodies in oral fluids for monitoring of PRRSV infection in endemic farms. The level of PRRSV and anti-PRRSV antibodies in serum and oral fluids was evaluated in five age groups of pigs (6, 9, 12, 16 weeks of age and gilts). The samples (25 serums and 5 oral fluids/per a farm) were collected from 5 different farms endemically infected by PRRSV. Both serum and oral fluid samples were tested for PRRSV by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and for anti-PRRSV antibodies by two commercial PRRSV ELISA kits. ELISA mean s/p ratios (2.98 vs 1.63) and positive rate (84.0% vs 68.8%) of the oral fluid samples showed significantly higher levels but had similar patterns to the seroprofile of the blood samples. The PRRSV positive rate of oral fluid and serum samples was 40.0% and 44.0% respectively. In conclusion, the use of oral fluids for PRRS monitoring in endemic farms is strongly recommended.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.371-378
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• 2001

This research devoted to develop an incubator that could make an optimum environment condition according to days of age for suckling pigs to decrease the mortality and improve the rate of the weight gain of the suckling pigs. Results obtained from this research summarized as follows: 1. Several experiments were carried out at the farm to find the effect of incubator developed for suckling pigs on weight gain by season. The total average gain of the weight of the treatment group was around 6∼22kg, and 6∼23kg higher than control group at the first experiment (April 19), at the second (July 30), and at the third (September 23), year of 2000 experiment, respectively. There were no significant differences ($\alpha$=5%) of the total weight gain among treatment groups. There was, however, a significant difference ($\alpha$=5%) of the total weight gain between the control and treatment groups and it was considered to be that the incubator had efficiency for weight gain of the suckling pigs. 2. The survival rate of the control group was 87% in the total sample number of 92, meanwhile, which of the experiment group was 98% in the total sample number of 50 suckling pigs. 3. Finally, economic analysis was executed for suckling pigs based on a farm size of breeding 500 sows. The results showed that a break-even point was around 9 months and the annual profit of ￦52,265,694 was expected after the break-even point.