• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.314-321
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine a standard quality characteristic through the evaluation and statistical analysis of the morphological characteristics of dried ginseng (white ginseng) products. Samples of 4-year-old 30 and 50 piece grade curved ginseng and 5-year-old 25 and 15 piece grade straight ginseng products were collected from a market, with 5 to 10 packs of each product being collected annually over a 5-year period (2006-2010). Morphological characteristics, such as weight, length, diameter, and surface color, were measured and statistically analyzed to present a standard quality characteristic value using $mean{\pm}3SD$, a range that excluded outlier. The 4-year-old curved ginseng samples of 50 and 30 piece grade were 4.80 to 6.12 cm and 5.28 to 7.60 cm long, 0.22 to 1.70 cm and 0.21 to 2.07 cm wide, and weighed 5.28 to 7.40 g and 8.62 to 12.26 g, respectively. The 5-year-old straight ginseng samples of 25 and 15 piece grade were 9.66 to 15.47 cm and 10.66 to 16.80 cm long, 1.32 to 1.94 cm and 1.48 to 2.43 cm wide, and weighed 9.18 to 16.40 g and 15.89 to 24.82 g, respectively. The surface color of the different piece grades in the same type of dried ginseng product was similar, whereas the straight ginseng demonstrated a lower level of brightness, but the relative redness and yellowness were of higher levels, than that of curved ginseng.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.349-354
• /
• 2013

Dried ginseng (DG) is in fact the representing ginseng product in the worldwide market. Although it is made in various packages depending on the processing method, size and age of DG, basic scientific data reporting the chemical components are limited. In this study, 4-year-old curved ginseng (CG), one of the domestic DG products, was selected for further investigation. Eighty-six samples of 30 and 50 piece-grade CG, which are the most widely distributed in the market, were collected for 5 yr. Their major components, such as moisture, total sugar, acidic polysaccharides, total phenolic compounds, and saponins, were analyzed to figure out the standard quality characteristics. The moisture content of all CG samples was less than 15%. The total water-soluble sugar contents were 22.9% to 47.8% and 23.2% to 49.5% in the 30 and 50 piece-grade CG, respectively. The acidic polysaccharide contents were 3.6% to 6.7% and 2.9% to 6.9% in the 30 and 50 piece-grade CG, respectively. The total phenolic compound content was 0.4% to 0.5% in CG, regardless of the piece-grade. The crude saponin content, which represents the active component of ginseng, was over 2% in all samples. In 30 piece-grade CG samples, the contents of major ginsenosides, Rb1, Rf, and Rg1, were 2.2 to 4.7 mg/g, 0.4 to 1.3 mg/g, and 1.6 to 4.0 mg/g, respectively. The ginsenoside contents in 50 piece-grade CG samples were 2.1 to 3.9 mg/g (Rb1), 0.5 to 1.2 mg/g (Rf), and 1.3 to 3.4 mg/g (Rg1). Overall, since there were relatively high standard deviation and coefficient of variation in all the chemical component contents that were assessed, we found some difficulties in showing the CG standard chemical component characteristics by average, standard deviation, and other statistical analysis factors.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.769-779
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is proposing a knitting method that is suitable for the bodies of women in their 20's and can enhance aesthetic aspect and wearing satisfaction. For this study, four kinds of seamless knit one-pieces were implemented by different knitting method of waist dart each other. The inspection of the exterior and the sensory test of movement adaptability were included in this study. The results of this study were listed below. Exterior evaluation of the four samples results that the sample with outside narrowing and widening get low grade. Thus, we can see that the method having only outside narrowing and widening for waist shaping can cause problems. In addition to that, the sample with inside narrowing and widening get highest grade for almost all test items. The dressing evaluation results that the knitting method of waist dart affect only on the exterior but not on the movement adaptability of the seamless knit one-piece.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.613-618
• /
• 2008

As one way of cost innovation and weight saving of the automobile, the one-piece typed lower control arm was developed for the purpose of replacing the box typed lower control arm. In order to overcome less buckling strength of the one-piece typed lower control arm, the design parameters such as the high strength steel grade, the thickness and the shape of main panel were optimized based on Taguchi method.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2009

Objective : Although endoscopic procedures for lumbar disc diseases have improved greatly, the postoperative outcomes for high grade inferior migrated discs are not satisfactory. Because of anatomic limitations, a rigid endoscope cannot reach all lesions effectively. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of endoscopic transforaminal suprapedicular approach to high grade inferior-migrated lumbar disc herniations. Methods : Between May 2006 and March 2008, a suprapedicular approach was performed in 53 patients with high grade inferior-migrated lumbar disc herniations using a rigid endoscope and a semi-rigid flexible curved probe. One-to-four hours after surgery, the presence of remnant discs was checked with MRI. The outcomes were evaluated with the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) one week after surgery. Results : The L2-3 level was involved in 2 patients and the L3-4 level was involved in 14 patients, while the L4-5 level was involved in 39 patients. There were single piece-type in 34 cases and a multiple piece-type in 19 cases. Satisfactory results were obtained in all cases. The mean preoperative VAS for leg pain was $9.32{\pm}0.43$ points (range, 7-10 points), whereas the mean ODI was $79.82{\pm}4.53$ points (range, 68-92 points). At the last follow-up examination, the mean postoperative VAS for leg pain was $1.78{\pm}0.71$ points and the mean postoperative ODI improved to $15.27{\pm}3.82$ points. Conclusion : A high grade inferior migrated lumbar disc is difficult to remove sufficiently by posterolateral endoscopic lumbar dscectomy using a rigid endoscope. However, a satisfactory result can be obtained by applying a transforaminal suprapedicular approach with a flexible semi-rigid curved probe.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2015

Gears are produced through a variety of methods. In general, a metal piece is formed into the general shape of a gear through rough cuts. The gear then moves on to a more precise machine that removes more material. Grinders work via abrasion, rubbing a rough surface against a work piece at such high speeds that it literally scrapes unwanted material away from the item. Since the grinder is spinning so fast, the material is removed very quickly. This allows a grinder to remove a very small amount without taking any unwanted material with it. This study investigates the effect of grinding process parameters like grinding spindle speed and table transfer speed on the gear grade and grinding efficiency.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.46 no.2 s.117
• /
• pp.227-237
• /
• 2007

This research analyzes students' response types in the creativity assessment by using pattern block, geoboard, and pantomino. 74 students from third grade to sixth grade participated in this research. 15 minutes were given to pattern block and geoboard questions. 74 students showed 393 answers in pattern block question and 590 answers in geoboard question. In pantomino, 20 minutes were given and 54 students showed 443 types of answers. The results are as follows: First, in the students' responses, tendency of using particular piece or figure, which presents conjoining in a piece selection and positioning, showed strongly. For example, usage of hexagon and trapezoid pieces were higer in pattern block and usage of L, P, and I pieces were higer in pentomino. Second, it is confirmed that creativity's subordinate factors, fluency, flexibility, and originality, are separate from each other. To illustrate, in pattern block, three students', who showed 11 types of responses in fluency, flexibility responses were each 5, 6, and 8 types. Specially, among those studenys, only one could achieve a point in originality. Third, students' response types categorized in this research could be used for a bae-data to mark grades on originality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.228-229
• /
• 2007

As one way of weight saving of the vehicle, 1-piece typed lower control arm has been developed using high strength hot rolled steel sheet. In order to overcome the edge splitting problem during edge flanging or burring process, HER (hole expansion ratio) value of steel sheet was primarily considered. The strength grade of steel sheet and the shape were optimized utilizing Taguchi method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2010

This paper focuses on the design of microspeakers with minimum flux leakage, for use in radiotelegraphy. The response surface methodology (RSM) is applied as the optimization technique for obtaining a large magnetic force and a small flux leakage on diaphragm. The object functions of this optimization are the magnetic force and the flux leakage along three factors; pole piece thickness, magnet grade and yoke thickness, which are determined by the design of the experiment. The magnetic force and the flux leakage are calculated for each condition and optimized by results evaluated with RSM. For a pole piece thickness of 0.9 mm, a magnet grade of N42H and a yoke thickness of 0.75 mm, the magnetic force is satisfied as initial model and flux leakage is decreased to 11.8% than initial model.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 1990

The quality of raw, red and white ginseng and the contents of some minerals were examined using 6-year-old ginseng roots produced in different shades, thatch and polyethylene net (P..E.). The yield of first and second grade ginseng roots was higher in the thatch shade than in the P.E. shade. The smaller sizes of ginseng routs were probably due to loss of ginseng yield called by alternaria blight in the third and fourth years, and lower quality was dale to more rusty roots in the P.E. shading. For red ginseng. rates of heaven and earth grades were higher in the P.E. than thatch shade. producing red ginseng with less inside cavity Production of white ginseng was higher in the thatch shade than in the P.E. shade. showing a higher yield, better piece grade, lower inside crack and better quality index in the thatch. The contents of some minerals such as K, Ca, Mg and Mn of fine ginseng roots differed between the two shades, some of which had a significant correlation with the quality indices of white ginseng. Keywords Thatch shade, polyethylene shade, alternaria blight, rulsty root, quality of ginseng.