• 복식문화연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.793-805
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• 2018

At the beginning of the $20^{th}$ century, Cartier developed Art Deco jewelry designs that have been used as design inspirations to this day. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the Art Deco jewelry designs of Cartier in the early $20^{th}$ century. Regarding the research method, this study explored the jewelry designs from 1904 to 1939 by extracting 288 analysis subjects from Cartier's exhibitions, auction picture books, and foreign books, and analyzed the characteristics in terms of design motifs, colors and materials. The results of the study are as follows. Regarding the design motifs, 73% were geometric motifs, and 66% were a combination of circular shapes and polygons, the most frequent. In terms of colors, 69% were chromatic in color, and vivid colors were mostly used in the order of red (24%), - green (19%), and - blue (14%). Of the materials, 92% of the metals consisted of platinum, and gemstones were used in the order of diamonds (41%), - onyx (13%), - emeralds (11%), - rubies (9%), and - sapphires (8%). In the early $20^{th}$ century, Cartier's Art Deco jewelry designs featured abstract and geometric motifs, vivid colors and strong contrasts, platinum and precious gemstones. This study is meaningful in that it explores the competitiveness of Cartier's designs and provides practical ideas to combine Art Deco style with contemporary jewelry designs successfully.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.2449-2463
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• 2014

Hierarchical B-frame coding was introduced into H.264/SVC to provide temporal scalability and improve coding performance. A content analysis-based adaptive group of picture structure (AGS) can further improve the coding efficiency, but damages the inter-frame correlation and temporal scalability of hierarchical B-frame to different degrees. In this paper, we propose a group of pictures (GOP) adaptation coding method based on the positions of video cuts. First, the cut positions are accurately detected by the combination of motion coherence (MC) and mutual information (MI); then the GOP is adaptively and proportionately set by the analysis of MC in one scene. In addition, we propose a binary tree algorithm to achieve the temporal scalability of any size of GOP. The results for test sequences and real videos show that the proposed method reduces the bit rate by up to about 15%, achieves a performance gain of about 0.28-1.67 dB over a fixed GOP, and has the advantages of better transmission resilience and video summaries.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report the patient with radial nerve palsy, who improved by oriental medical treatment. Methods : The patient was managed by bee venom aqua-acupuncture, sclp acupuncture and herbal medicine. We took picture of the patients's wrist and checked the power of muscles. Results : After 4 week treatment, the movement and power of wrist was restored of nearly normal range. also the numbness of hand was removed. Combined oriental medical treatment can treat radial nerve palsy earlier than other methods. Conclusions : The results suggest that combination of bee venom aqua-acupuncture, scalp acupuncture and herbal medicine is good method for treatment of radial nerve palsy. But further studies are required to concretely prove the effectiveness of this methods for treating radial nerve palsy.

• 복식
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to develope a creative expression technique in fashion illustration through analyzing applied techniques of the elements related to creative expressions in fashion illustrations. They were investigated in view of line, form, texture, color, space and the results were summarized as follows. In the creative expression using line in the fashion illustration. emotional effects of line created by specific character of mediums and duplicated lines have been applied to visualize movements of the objects. In shape, the transformed figure by destructing. covering or eliminating a part of the figure or the dress has been adapted. In texture. the invented texture reconstructed from actual texture has been applied, collage technique. computer graphic being used to give various images of texture. The creative expressions using color have been achieved by the shading. and spreading effects and the symbolic meaning of color for creating a spatiality in a picture plane and to give emotional effects and visual concentricity. In space, the color perspective together with detailed description. the combination of various points of view and liner perspective have been used to create depth and illusional space in pictorial plane.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2004년도 정기총회 및 학술대회
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• pp.43-46
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• 2004

MPEG-21 is an on-progress project of the Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) that has been started in many independent parts such as part for standardizing the declaration of a digital item (MPEG-21 Part 2: Digital Item Declaration), right expression language (MPEG-21 Part S: Rights Expression Language), way to process the digital item (MPEG-21 Part 10: Digital Item Processing), etc. All this part is intended to form a framework to enable transparent and augmented use of multimedia resources across a wide range of networks and devices (1). In this paper, we show our research initiative to develop a web-based application that utilized many parts of MPEG-21 technology. The implemented concept uses a digital item and license providers in the server side while the MPEG-21 Conformant application is implemented as a plug-in application that will be downloaded to the user terminal when user accesses the webpage for the frist time. The result of this research shows that with some combination of MPEG-21 parts, we can develop an authorized multimedia delivery and consumption application.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.178-188
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• 1998

In this paper, I tried to interpretate the matter and form of Chumsungdae, which has been mainly assumed as an facility for astronomical observaton of ancient Shilla dynasty, located on Kyongju, Korea. Basically, I took the thoughts of the place and the theory of cognition on landscape as a research tool, and the research was undertaken through the surveying the physical surroundings of chumsungdae and studying the references related to a myth, thoughts, and a tale of shilla era. This research was anticipated to find out the various symbolic meanings and functions of Chumsungdae and its place, which is somewhat different from the view of scientific uses of it. The matter and form of the Chumsungdae realizes the archetypal form of the well and meanings of petition for agricultural abundance, leading to a wishing for political stability of the nation, especially an authority of a reign of the queen, named Sun-duk who is the first one in Shilla Dynasty. The chumsungdae was located on the very sacred place surrounded by the tumulous and Kyerim forest which was birth and death place of the founder and king of a family of Kim. It does mean that the Chumsungdae was very scared work, and made place with combination of meaning above mentioned and natural environment. Finally, this paper suggested the neighboring area of the Chumsungdae be restored with the forest as an archetypeof old picture and environment of Kyerim.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2014

Objectives : Reaserch on ophthalmology drawings in Euibangyoochui reveals the medical historic flows of the theory of ohryun-palgwak that is representative theory of ophthalmology. Methods : Ophthalmology drawings are divided into ohryun-palgwak drawings and eye disease drawings. Four picture of ophthalmology drawings in Euibangyoochui are shown in the books of suwolnobangyung, seeuidekhyobang, suyeoksinbang. Results : Ohryun drawing which describes the relationship between eyes and five viscera mentioned in lingshu. This is based on the theory of five elements. Palgwak drawing shows the combination palgwak theory and the eight trigrams of iching. Conclusions : In Korean Medicine theory of the eye, the diagnosis of eyes could be diagnosed eye disease and diseases of five viscera and six entrails. Each parts of the eye are reflected disorders in the five viscera and six entrails. Ophthalmology drawings in Euibangyoochui explains well these theories.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권33호
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• pp.449-467
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• 2013

21세기의 현대사회는 테크놀로지의 비약적 발전을 이루었으며 다양한 디지털 기기의 등장으로 인한 매체의 다각화로 시각적 표현의 한계는 점점 축소되고 있다. 따라서 테크놀로지와 예술의 융합은 시각예술 표현의 한계선을 최소화하였고 대중은 그들이 만들어 낸 현실과 비현실의 경계를 넘나드는 새로운 시각 자극에 신선함을 느끼게 되었다. 그러한 새로운 접근 법 중 하나인 빛에 대한 테크놀로지와 예술의 조합은 다양한 순수예술이나 영상 디자인과 같은 시각예술분야로 포함되고 있으며, 그 중 현재 고해상도의 프로젝터를 활용하여 건물이나 도시의 조각물 등의 구조물을 스크린으로 삼아 투영된 매핑(mapping) 테크놀로지를 예술에 접목하려는 시도가 최근 다양하게 연구 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 테크놀로지로서 프로젝션 매핑(projection mapping)의 기법에 대한 정의를 문헌 연구를 통하여 고찰해 보고 매핑 사례 중 시지각적 효과를 극대화 하는 3D 애니메이션이 적용된 사례 연구와 더불어 그에 따른 영상 표현특성을 분석 하였다. 3D애니메이션을 통해 존재하지 않는 환영(Illusion)을 창조하고 대중에게 시각적 쾌감을 부여하는 프로젝션 매핑(projection mapping)과 3D 애니메이션의 조합은 앞으로 예술과 테크놀로지의 융합 이라는 시대사조에 걸맞은 시각예술의 새로운 가능성을 지닌 시너지효과를 창출할 것으로 기대된다.

• 복식
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• 제18권
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• pp.225-245
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• 1992

The button is a part of costume. But it has the symbolism of costume in itself and reflects the sociocultural phenomena. The purpose of this study is to clarify symbolism of button of eighteenth and nineteenth century which had been most popular. This study is based on the library research. Through this paper, I reached conclusions as follows. The symbolism of button is found in various ways. First, Aesthetics is found in material, color, design and type etc. of button. Especially Indian silver button of abstract type shows well distinctive aesthetics of Indians. Second, The material and the number of button vary with one's status and show off one's privilege. I England, there was the rule, in which the symbol of the King was a silver button with a figure of lion. The livery button represents his family to the nble and shows the meaning of obedience to the servant. Third, The button on uniform varies with ranks. This is prominent in a uniform of a soldier or a policeman. Fourth Material and craft of button show one's economic position. The button gives a Very good picture of what one's life was then. Precious button with gold, silver, and other jewels is an index to one's property. Fifth, The button of political event is used for election, which shows the face and the name of runner. Besides that, there were buttons designed for the flag or the slogan for political event. Sixth, The button of social event reflects a social phase of life in war or revolution, for example, it satirizes the burning of the Bastille in the French Revolution, or the taxpayer bearing the burden. Seventh, the buttons that symbolize a historic event are made to commemorante an epochal and critical occurrence or an important person's birth, death, visit to some place, etc., Eighth, there were well-known persons, for example, a president, a king, a queen, a singer, or an artist in the buton of personality. Nineth, The button of one's company shows one's community in figures or pictures, that is, this button is used as a symbol one's community. Tenth, The button varies with the development of science and technology. It gives a very good picture of what it was and what the technological level was. Eleventh, The buttons that symmbolize on occupation most impressively are uniform buttons. Symbolic marks related with a particular occupation are carved on the buttons of compary employees' uniforms. Twelfth, Various natural phenomena are designed to appear on buttons, Some express themselves simply as they are, and others appear as a symbolic form such as environmental relationship between men and nature, four seasons, a constellation and all other natural things occurring during a year. Finally, The button of rebus is a motto expressed by a combination with objects figures, letters, words, or phrases.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.768-779
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 동영상 화질을 최대한 유지하면서 압축 비트량 절감을 효율적으로 이루기 위해 복수개의 영상처리 필터를 영상의 블록에 따라 선택적으로 적용하고, 영상처리 필터의 선택을 위한 MSSSIM(Multi-Scale Structural SIMilarity) 및 쿨백-라이블러 발산(Kullback-Leibler divergence: KL-Divergence) 기반의 영상 처리 평가 함수를 제안한다. 영상압축의 경우, 영상 내 특징에 따라 화질과 비트량 절감의 특성이 다르며, 이에 따라 단일 목적을 가진 영상처리 필터로서는 화질을 유지하면서, 비트량 절감이라는 목적을 동시에 만족 시키기 어렵다. 이에 따라, 주관적 화질을 최대한 유지하면서, 비트량을 절감시키기 위해 주관적 화질 측도로서 MSSSIM를 사용하고 비트 량 측도를 위하여 쿨백-라이블러 발산을 사용함과 동시에 두 가지 척도를 하나의 척도로 결합시키기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 아울러 제안한 측도를 사용하여 서로 다른 특성을 가진 영상처리 필터를 전처리 필터로 사용할 경우, 주관적 화질을 최대한 유지하면서 비트량 절감을 유지할 수 있도록 동영상 압축이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다.