• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.24-38
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the Ecobridge district which connects green corridor from Central park to Pulkoksan and to establish of ecological space through analysis of avifauna community, plant community structure. In the results of analysis of avifauna, 3 species 23 individuals(Pica pica, Parus major, [asser montanus) in Ecobridge district, 5 species 37 individuals(Peca pica, Parus major, Passer montanus, Oriolus chinensis, Hirundo rustica) in Central park forest. There were 15 species 72 individuals in Pulkoksan. The plant community structure were classified of three types. As divided types were artificial forest(Pinus rigida, P. koraiensis, etc.) natural forest(Quercus mongolica, Q. serrata, Q. acutissima, Q. spp.) and semi-natural forest, which have shown the successional trends from the artificial forest to Quercus spp. community. The Ecobridge district was used as the space for the passers-by owing to its the simple vegetation. Species diversity was appeared that there was the order of Ecobridge district$\longrightarrow$Central park forest$\longrightarrow$Pulkoksan forest. Similarity index was calculated 20~23% between Ecobridge district$\longrightarrow$Central park, Pulkoksan forest. Therefore the highest species diversity and multistratum vegetation structure of Pulkoksan were the most suitable for the establishment to ecological space in the district.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

This study was carried out four times on 2005 and 2006, respectively May and October to understand the bird community and habitat using condition in the Daegu Bulnogoboon Jayeon Madang (DBJM). In this study, 34 species and 332 individuals were observed. The dominant species were Passer montanus 22.0%, Pica pica 18.1%, Hypsipetes amaurotis 6.02% and Sinosuthora webbiana 5.72%, and the species diversity was 2.797. With migration, the highest number and percentage to the lowest was residents 61.7%, summer visitors 26.5% and winter visitors 11.8%. Among 24 species which bred(check or possibility) in the DBJM, canopy was 50.0%, hole was 37.5% and bush was 12.5% in their nesting guilds. In foraging guilds in breeding season was canopy was 58.1%, water was 19.3% and bush was 16.1%, and in non-breeding season, canopy was 54.8%, water 22.6% and bush 19.3%. For the habitats of the birds in the DBJM, wetlands including reservoir area were used by herons, ducks and Hirundo rustica, grassland area was used by Sinosuthora webbiana, buntings and Passer montanus, and forest area was used by Streptopelia orientalis, woodpeckers, Hypsipetes amaurotis and tits. The number of species and individuals of birds observed in the DBJM was higher than other urban parks. We suggest that this was attributed to various man-made habitats such as wetland with reservoir, grassland and forest area constructed in the DBJM.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.628-638
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• 2002

The handicapped frequently suffer from inappropriate food intake often resulting in overweightness, malnutrition, and poor growth and development. Our study was done on 7 to 12 year old mentally retarded children attending a special education school in Seoul. We administered questionnaire surveys and 3-day dietary recalls of the subjects, with help when needed from their stay-at home or their care-giving teachers. The questionnaires covered the general characteristics and dietary behaviors of the subjects. The degrees of handicap of the 142 children ranged from the trainable (54.9%), the educable (31.0%), and the non-trainable (14.1%). Of the children studied, 70.4% had ‘breakfast always’, which was higher than normal. Appetites were highest in the Down's Syndrome group. We found that the more serious the handicap, the higher the breakfast eating ratio and appetite level. The main reason for their missing breakfast differed according to the handicap level: ‘late rising’in the educable and non-trainable groups but ‘no appetite’in the trainable group. Most of the children (52.2%) spent less than 20 minutes eating their meals, the parents described their children's dietary habit problems as a pica (22:3%) or overeating (17.3%) , and they indicated that teaching the children how to use spoons and chopsticks (33.1%) was the most stressful. Actually more than 85% of the subjects could not use chopsticks, and skill of using cutlery was significantly different according to the degree of handicap. The food preference for milk products was the highest. It was interesting that the handicapped who had serious food pica didn't like food groups such as grains/starches, meats/fishes/eggs/beans or vegetables/fruits.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2015

Objective : Intracranial ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADAns) are associated with high morbidity and mortality when left untreated due to the high likelihood of rebleeding. The present study aimed to establish an endovascular therapeutic strategy that focuses specifically on the angioarchitecture of ruptured VADAns. Methods : Twenty-three patients with ruptured VADAn received endovascular treatment (EVT) over 7 years. The patient group included 14 women (60.9%) and 9 men (39.1%) between the ages of 39 and 72 years (mean age 54.2 years). Clinical data and radiologic findings were retrospectively analyzed. Results : Four patients had aneurysms on the dominant vertebral artery. Fourteen (61%) aneurysms were located distal to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Six (26%) patients had an extracranial origin of the PICA on the ruptured VA, and 2 patients (9%) had bilateral VADAns. Eighteen patients (78%) were treated with internal coil trapping. Two patients (9%) required an adjunctive bypass procedure. Seven patients (30%) required stent-supported endovascular procedures. Two patients experienced intra-procedural rupture during EVT, one of which was associated with a focal medullary infarction. Two patients (9%) exhibited recanalization of the VADAn during follow-up, which required additional coiling. No recurrent hemorrhage was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion : EVT of ruptured VADAns based on angioarchitecture is a feasible and effective armamentarium to prevent fatal hemorrhage recurrence with an acceptable low risk of procedural complications. Clinical outcomes depend mainly on the pre-procedural clinical state of the patient. Radiologic follow-up is necessary to prevent hemorrhage recurrence after EVT.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate to compare avifauna at Taegosa area in Pukhansan with Kamapong area in Inje-gun, Korea. The observed birds at Taegosa in Pukhansan and Kamapong area were 35 individuals on species and 113 individuals on 29 species respectively. In Pukhansan area, there was severely avifauna diminishing in July in which users were concentrated. Pica pica sericea and Streptopelia orientalis orientalis were observed the dominant species in Pukhansan area and Kamapong area respectively. There were two species of national monument in these surveyed area, Otus scops stictonotus in Pukhansan area and Falco tinnunculus interstinctus in Kamapong area. Cuculus saturatus horsfields, Cuculus micropterus micropterus and Eurystomus orientalis calonyx were found out in Kamapong area to the rare bird. Species diversity and avi-ecosystems in Kamapong area were seemed to good, whereas in Pukhansan area, there was relatively poor avifauna caused by isolating with surrounding ecosystem, overusing by visitors beyond capacity and heavy acid rain. Therefore avifauna protection plans sould be made and carried out for Pukhansan National Park by thorought study with experts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the creation techniques of eco-pond, one of biotopes to promote biodiversity in urban residence area. Investigation were classified out plant, mammals, amphibia, reptiles, birds, fishes and insects. The results were summarized as follows: Around the eco-pond shows simple vegetation structurs, consisted of Pinus densoflora S et Z. and Robinia pseudoacacia under competition. In case of shrub, consisted of 4 species but plant growing appearence diversely by seasons. The evaluation of vegetation of eco-pond, there are found 4 species of aquatic plants. Inside the revetment of pond, Echinochloa crus-galli, Persicaria hydropiper, Digiaria sanguinalis, Cyperus microiria and Bidens frondosa L. are mainly distributed. Near the revetment, Trifolium repens L. and Digiaria sanguinalis are prevailed. And in its background, Erigeron canadensis, Erigeron annuus and vines are begins to make their appearances. When evaluation animals in eco-pond and contrast plot, it show simple species and numbers of mammals. It seemed to be resulted from its isolation and outside intervention by users In eco-pond, Pica pica and Streptopelia orientalis are mainly found and in contrast plot of Columba livia, which are so strong adaptation to city life environment. In case of amphibia and reptiles, none is observed in contrast plot, but in ecological pond, Rana nigromaculata and Hyla japonica are constantly observed. In case of insects, more species are found in eco-pond than contrast plot. And in eco-pond, more dragonflies are visibly increased one year after its construction. In floral zone inside of pond revetment, grasshopper and Locusta migratoria are frequently observed. In case of butterflies, they are mainly found in log fence and willow(salix) around eco-pond. In case of fishes inside of eco-pond, the species and its density are remarkable increased one year after the construction. With above evaluation results, we have identify the increase effect of biodiversity after construction of the eco-pond.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2004

This study was carried out to understand the bird community and habitat using condition in the Gildong natural ecological park, from April 2001 to March 2002. In this study, 63 species and 2,075 individuals were observed respectively. The dominant species were Paradoxornis webbianus(33.6%), Emberiza elegans 18.5%), Parus major(6.4%), Pica pica(6.0%), and the diversity of the species was 2.511. With migration, the highest number and percentage to the lowest was residents, summer visitors, winter visitors and passage migrants. Among 17 species which bred in the Gildong natural ecological park, hole(H) was 47.1%, canopy(C) was 41.1% and bush(B) was 11.8% in their nesting guilds. In foraging guilds in breeding season was canopy(c) was 45.7%, water(w) was 23.9% and bush(c) was 15.2%, and, in non-breeding season, canopy was 43.5%, water 23.9% and bush 21.7%. For the habitats of the birds in the Gildong natural cological park, reservoir area was used by herons, ducks and sandpiper, wetland area was used by Lanius bucephalus, Paradoxornis webbianus and buntings, grassland area was used by Paradoxornis webbianus and buntings, and forest area was used by Streptopelia orientalis, woodpeckers and tits. The number of species and individuals of birds observed in the Gildong natural ecological park was higher than other urban parks. We suggest that this was attributed to different habitats such as reservoir, wetland, grassland and forest area constructed in the Gildong natural ecological park.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.722-726
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• 2008

Silica microsphere is a world leading innovative material used in adsorbent packing materials in HPLC technology. The application of microsphere lies in the ability to the surface modification of silica with the special materials such as polymers, metals and bio-active materials. Collagen is a major structural protein of connective tissues and has a good biocompatibility. In this study, we prepared the purified silica porous microsphere, having micro diameters in the range of a pore volume at least 50% by the aggregation procedure of colloidal silica with the polymerization method (PICA). The microspheres were modified by collagen hydrogel to improve the biocompatible properties for biomedical product. The silica/collagen microsphere composite doped with silver nanoparticles was prepared and investigated the capabilities of biomaterial application through the evaluation of the structure characteristics of the microsphere composit.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.409-420
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• 2003

The avifauna of from Manbokdae to Siribong in Jiri Mountain part of Baekdudaegan, was surveyed from May to November, 2002. In total, we observed 901 birds, and they were consisted of 49 species,23 families and 7 orders. The largest number of birds were observed in valley and followed by in low ridge, Road, Agricultural area and high ridge. The dominant species were Great Tit (Parus major) and then Brambling (Fringilla montifringilla), Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus), Black-billed Magpie (Pica pica) and Long-tailed Tit (Aegithalos caudatus). The highest species diversity index was 2.85 at low ridge(846m), and the lowest was 1.83 at high ridge(1,433m). In this study, the valley is the most important area for the habitat of birds and followed by the low ridge and agricultural area. Thus, to decide the management required area of Baekdudaegan, it should include valley and nearby lowland as well as ridge area. Moreover, there should be some sort of restriction of vehicle usage when a road cross or close to the Baekdudaegan.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.143-155
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• 2016

Objective: This study reports on three cases of cerebellar artery infarction patients treated by traditional Korean medicine.Method: Three patients with cerebellar artery infarction according to cerebellar artery were treated by traditional Korean medicine at the traditional Korean medicine hospital of Daejeon University. The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) infarction patient had ataxia, dysarthria, gait disturbance, and dizziness; the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) infarction patient had facial palsy, dizziness, and hearing loss; and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) infarction patient had gait disturbance and dizziness. Acupuncture, herbal medicine, and pharmacopuncture were used as traditional Korean medicine treatments during hospitalization. We then observed any improvement in the symptoms.Results: The scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) score (gait, stance) of the PCA infarction patient was reduced from 8.6 to 2.2, while the dizziness numerical rating scale (NRS) score was reduced from 10 to 2 after treatment. The Yanagihara score of the AICA infarction patient was reduced from 27 to 14, while the dizziness NRS score was reduced from 10 to 2 after treatment. The SARA score (gait, stance) of the PICA infarction patient was reduced from 7.4 to 1.0, and the dizziness NRS score was reduced from 10 to 1 after treatment.Conclusion: Traditional Korean medicine appears to be effective in treating cerebellar infarction symptoms.