• 한국작물학회지
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.314-321
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• 2018

Durum (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) is a major crop species cultivated for human consumption worldwide. In Tunisia, salt stress is one of the main problems that limit crop production. 'Mahmoudi' was selected as the most salt-sensitive out of 11 Tunisian durum cultivars. Using the salt-tolerant cultivar 'Om Rabia', resistant and susceptible cultivars were evaluated to compare genetic responses under salt stress. At the fully expanded third leaf stage, salt stress was applied by submerging the pots in 500 mM NaCl for 5 min every day for saline water irrigation in the greenhouse. The treatment was applied for 1 week and salt stress tolerance was determined by changes of growth parameters to the control condition. The salt tolerance trait index and salt tolerance index were calculated and used as selection criteria. The expression levels of TdHKT1;4, TdHKT1;5, and TdSOS1 were examined using qPCR. For further evaluation of physiological responses, salt stress (150 mM NaCl) was additionally applied for 48 h at the fully expanded third-leaf stage. Increased expression of the genes responsible for salt tolerance and proline content in tolerant durum can be used to broaden genetic diversity and provide genetic resources for the durum breeding program.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2023

Here, upon acute (96 h) and chronic (14 days) exposure, ingestion of polystyrene NPs (100 nm) and physiological, biochemical, and cholinergic modulations were analyzed in the water flea Moina macrocopa exposed to different concentrations (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 ㎍ l^-1). Exposed NPs were observed in the internal organs (e.g., digestive tract and foregut) of the water flea. Chronic exposure to the relatively high concentrations resulted in significant decreases in survival, body length, and the total number of molts, whereas reproduction parameter was not affected. Significant increase in oxidative stress biomarker (malondialdehyde) and decrease in the intracellular content of endogenous antioxidant (glutathione) and enzymatic activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S-transferase) were detected in response to relatively high concentrations of NPs. Transcriptional expression of the hsp70 gene was increased in response to relatively high concentrations of NPs, whereas acetylcholinesterase activity was lowered by the same concentrations of NPs. Taken together, NPs exposure would be a significant modulator on physiological and biochemical metabolism of water flea.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 혈액 투석 환자의 변비 정도를 파악하고, 미숫가루가 변비 완화 및 생리적 지표에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 함이다. S시 소재 종합 병원에서 혈액 투석을 받는 환자 42명을 대상으로 실험군에게 미숫가루 30g을 복용하게 하고 변비 사정 척도 점수와 혈청 Potassium, Phosphorus을 측정하였다. 변비 사정 척도 점수는 실험군이 4.5점, 대조군이 6.5점으로 두 집단 모두 점수가 낮아졌다(z=-2.66, p=.002). Potassium은 실험군이 4.9mmol/l, 대조군이 4.7mmol/l 이었고(z=0.91, p=.960). 혈청 Phosphorus점수는 실험군이 5.3mg/dl, 대조군이 4.7mg/dl 이었으나 (z=0.45, p=.540) 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 미숫가루 음용은 혈액 투석환자의 변비 완화를 위한 적절한 간호 중재로 적용될 수 있으며 미숫가루 음용 섭취를 통해 혈액 투석 환자의 변비 완화 간호 중재의 적극인 활용이 임상 실무에서 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.688-696
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• 2022

Obesity could cause immune-physiological disorders in fish. Yet, little is known about the impact of obesity on stress and histological responses. This study aimed to determine histological and physiological changes in and vulnerability of overfeeding-induced obese rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to stress condition. Control, intermediate and overfed groups were fed at 1.5, 2.5 and 3.09% of their body weight per day, respectively, for eight weeks. Weight gain, body mass index, hepatosomatic index and serological parameters, and histology of liver were measured in five fish from each group at week 0, 2, 4, and 8. At week 8, 20 fish from each group were exposed to heat stress by increasing water temperature at a rate of 3℃ per day from 15 to 25℃ and maintaining the final temperature for 10 days. Overall, overfed fish showed significantly higher weight gain, body mass index, and serological parameters than those of fish in the other groups. Fish in the overfed and intermediate groups displayed multifocal infiltration of inflammatory cells in hepatic parenchyma. Mortality rate and serological parameters of fish in the overfed group exposed to heat stress were significantly higher than those of fish in the other groups, indicating increased vulnerability to environmental stress.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2019

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on the status of physiological responses, blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol, and heat shock proteins (HSP 27, 70, and 90) of Hanwoo cattle. Six Hanwoo steers (242.8 ± 7.2 kg of BW) were housed in the climate-controlled respiration chambers. The experiment consisted of 7 days (control; 0 day) at thermoneutral (air temperature (Ta) of 15℃ and relative humidity (RH) of 60%; temperature-humidity index (THI) = 64), and by 3 and 6 days (treatment groups) at heat stress (Ta of 35℃ and RH of 60%; THI = 87). Body temperature of each parts (frank, rump, perineum and foot) and rectal temperature elevated in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days) than the control group (0 day). Respiration rates increased in 3 days and 6 days (88.5 ± 0.96 bpm and 86.3 ± 0.63 bpm, respectively) from 0 days (39.5 ± 0.65 bpm). Feed intake significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 3.7 ± 0.14 kg and 4.0 ± 0.15 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 5.0 ± 0.00 kg). In addition, final BW significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 211.8 ± 4.75 kg and 215.5 ± 3.50 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 240.0 ± 25.00 kg). However, heat stress has no significant effect on blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol. Nevertheless, heat stress increased HSPs mRNA expression in liver tissue, and serum concentration of HSPs. Despite Hanwoo cattle may have high adaptive ability to heat stress, our results suggested that heat stress directly effect on body temperature and respiration rate as well as serum and tissue HSPs. Therefore, we are recommended that HSPs could be the most appropriate indicators of Hanwoo cattle response to heat stress.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1972

The right cervical vagus nerve was electrically stimulated for 30 sec, and 30 minutes recording cardiac rate responses and electrocardiogram. The main purposes of the present experiment are to determine effect of stimulation frequency on the maintenance of cardiac rate responses and to determine recovery time of sinus rhythm after asystole period followed by idioventricular rhythm during prolonged electrical stimulation of the vagus, and the optimal stimulation parameters for vagal stimulation were studied as well. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The maximum negative chrontropic responses were obtained with the following ranges of electrical parameters. Intensity: 3V-7V, Frequency: 20/sec-60/sec, and pulse duration: 5 msec-20 msec. 2. Compared with the responses from sympathetic effectors, cardiac rate responses to electrical stimulation of vagus nerve were well maintained with all stimulation frequencies. 3. At all stimulation frequencies except 20/sec, sinus node started to take over primary pacemaker activity when cardiac rates were restored to about 38-40/min. 4. It was indicated that upper limit of idioventricular rhythm does not exceed 38-40/min. 5. With the stimulation parameter set of 20/sec-5 msec-3 V, sinus rhythm did not appear during 30 minutes of stimulation period. Therefore, this electrical parameter set appears to be optimal for elicitation of prolonged and maximum cardiac rate responses by vagal stimulation.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2009

Because it is known that bivalve hearts contain various modulatory systems activated by neuroendocrine substances, it was examined whether different classes of endogenous and synthetic drugs of neuroendocrinological importance can influence cardiac functions of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Cholinergically active agents acetylcholine and carbachol increased heart rates while diminishing cardiac contractility. Adrenergically active substances norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (Epi) also induced heart rate increase and contractility decrease. An $\alpha_1$-adrenergic receptor-selective agonist phenyephrine (PE) failed to modulate either parameter. The Epi-induced heart rate increase and contractile depression were both blocked significantly by non-selective $\beta_1/\beta_2$-adrenergic antagonist propranolol. A $\beta_1$-selective antagonist atenolol prevented Epi-induced heart rate decrease but not the contractile depression, suggesting possible $\beta_2$ receptors for Epi-induced contractile depression. The three autacoids examined exerted discrete responses: histamine increased heart rate and depressed contraction; $\gamma$-amino-butyric acid increased both parameters; serotonin failed to change either parameter. The 5 piscine anesthetic agents examined, MS-222, benzocaine, quinaldine, urethane, pantocaine and pentobarbital, all failed to influence the cardiac function of oysters. Collectively, activities of neuroendocrinologically acting agents in mammals showed unexpected and distinct activities from those in mammalian cardiovascular systems. These results obtained from substances of different physiological functions can serve as a basis for understanding neuroendocrine control of the heart function in Pacific oyster.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.380-384
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• 2017

From March 1, 2017 to May 31, 2017, subjects were allowed to apply a wrinkle-improving herbal cosmetic product containing the extract of Douchi for 8 weeks. The effectiveness of herbal cosmetics was evaluated through wrinkle improvement efficacy parameter analysis, subjective wrinkle improvement through questionnaires, and adverse reaction. The herbal cosmetic products containing the extract of Douchi showed a significant decrease in the wrinkle improvement efficacy parameter analysis result. The results of the subjective satisfaction analysis after use were also evaluated positively. We could confirm the possibility of wrinkle improvement effect of Douchi extract, and it will be possible to contribute to the expansion of korean medicine field through more studies in the future.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2010

본 연구는 오존에 노출된 회화나무 8 가계에서 측정한 생리적 지표들을 대상으로, 오존에 대한 민감성을 평가하고, 이 결과들을 종합하여 가계 간 차이를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 회화나무(Sophora japonica L.) 8가계를 대상으로 오존 처리 후, 광합성 특성, 엽록소 함량, 항산화효소 활성 및 MDA 함량을 측정하였고, 각 측정 지표들의 표준화 지수를 이용하여 내성 순위를 결정하였다. 탄소고정효율은 6번 가계를 제외한 모든 가계에서 오존 처리 후 뚜렷하게 감소하였으며, 탄소고정효율의 감소율은 -38%에서 -67% 범위를 보였다. 또한 순양자수율은 7번 가계를 제외한 모든 가계에서 오존 처리 후 뚜렷한 감소를 보였으며, 감소율은 -27%에서 -61%를 나타냈다. 엽록소 a를 비롯한 광색소 함량의 가계 간 차이는 컸으나, 오존 처리 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 오존 처리 후, SOD 활성의 증가율은 7%에서 64%로, 가계 간 차이가 뚜렷하였다. APX 활성은 모든 가계에서 오존 처리 후 증가하였으며, 7번 가계가 가장 큰 활성 증가율(218%)을 보였다. 표준화 지수를 기준으로 할 때, 6번 가계의 내성 수준이 가장 낮았으며, 7번 가계의 내성 수준이 가장 높았다. 6번 가계는 오존 처리 후 탄소고정효율을 비롯한 광합성 특성의 감소율과 광색소 함량의 감소율이 높게 나타난 반면, 내성을 나타내는 항산화효소의 활성 증가가 매우 적었다. 반대로 내성 수준이 높은 7번 가계는 오존 처리 후 광합성 특성의 감소율이 다른 가계에 비해 적었으며, 광색소 함량은 오히려 오존처리 후 증가하였고, 항산화효소의 증가율도 다른 가계에 비해 높게 나타났다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2008

메기, Silurus asotus에서 포식과 기아가 생존과 성장, 내장괴지수, 간중량지수, 생식소중량지수, 외형계측형질 변화 및 혈액 parameter들에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 80일동안 기아 실험을 수행하였다. 기아군의 생존과 성장은 포식군의 생존과 성장에 비해 낮았다(P<0.05). 기아는 체중성장률, 일간성장률과 비만도에서 성장 정지 효과를 나타낸 반면, 포식군은 지속적인 성장을 보였다. 외형 계측형질 중복강 부위 횡단길이 관련에서 포식군은 실험 시작시와 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 기아군은 차이를 나타냈다 (P<0.05). 실험 기간 중 혈액성상(cortisol, glucose, AST, ALT, RBC 및 hemoglobin)에서 포식군과 기아군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 본 연구 결과, 포식과 기아 파악에 사용된 모든 parameter들은 본 종의 영양 상태 확인의 지표로 유용하며, 양식 메기의 성장 시기 평가 결정에 유용하리라 사료된다.