• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.43-47
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• 2014

Hallux valgus is a lateral deviation of the first phalanx and medial deviation of the first metatarsal at the first metatarsophalangeal (MP) joint. Its incidence has increased due to developing footwear. The etiologies include fashion footwear, genetic causes, anatomical abnormality around the foot, rheumatoid arthritis, and neuromuscular disorders. Physiologic alignment of the first MP joint is maintained by congruent and symmetric alignment of the articular surface of the first proximal phalanx and first metatarsal head, physiologic relationship of the distal first metatarsal articular surface and the first metatarsal shaft axis, and stable balance of soft tissue around the first MP joint and stable tarsometatarsal joint. Several factors have been associated with hallux valgus, including pes planus, hypermobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint, flattened shape of the first metatarsal head, increased distal metatarsal articular angle, and deformation of the medial capsular integrity. History and physical examination are very important to diagnosis of hallux valgus. Simple radiography provides information on deformity, particularly in weight-bearing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Understanding the etiologies and pathophysiology is very important for success in treatment of patients with hallux valgus.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.359-367
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to verify the effects of infant massage on weight recovery from physiologic weight loss, physical development of infants, and identity of their mothers. Method: A study with quasi-experimental design with time delay method was conducted from October 20, 2004 through February 20, 2005 with mothers and infants recruited from postpartum care center. 20 infants in the experimental group (once a day massage group) and 22 control group remained for the final analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS win 11.0 program by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and $X^2-test$. Results: There was no significant group difference in weight recovery from physiologic weight loss. However, experiment group showed significant increase in weight and chest circumference in 4 weeks after birth compare to the control group. For changes in behavior, experimental group showed more positive behavioral changes. The mothers who conducted massage for their infants showed higher score of identity as mothers. Conclusion: Since massage applied once a day can be still effective on physical growth of the infants, massage training program for mothers should be developed to apply easily for their infants at home. Further study is suggested to identify influencing factors on performed by mothers and identity as mothers.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.771-780
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise intervention, including dumbbell(weight lifting), walking, and yoga, on the body composition, physiologic factors, body image, and perceived health in the community-dwelling women. Method: This study utilized pretest-posttest design with three types of exercise interventions. The types of exercise intervention included dumbbell, walking, and yoga. Results: A total of 136 subjects were included: 49 for dumbbell, 67 for walking, and 20 for yoga. As measures of body composition, BMI, body weight, and body fat rate were significantly improved only after dumbbell intervention(p<.01). Systolic blood pressures were significantly decreased in the groups of dumbbell and walking. Diastolic blood pressure was significantly declined only in the walking group. Vital capacities and body image were improved in all groups(p<.01). However, total cholesterol levels were not improved in all groups(p>.05) and none of the measures for perceived health state were not significantly changed in all groups(p>.05). Conclusion: From the findings of this study, it was demonstrated that the effects of exercise interventions were differentiated by their types and variables to be affected. Therefore, future studies that apply the tailored exercise intervention to each age-categorical group are needed.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.9-10
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• 2002

Human circulatory system between heart and tissue is not directly connected in normal condition but mandatory to go through the capillary system in order to fulfill its physiologic aim to deliver oxygen and nutrients, etc. to the tissue and retrieve used blood together with waste products from the tissue properly. When abnormal connection between arterial and venous system (AV fistula), these two circulatory systems respond differently to the hemodynamic impact of this abnormal connection between high pressure (artery) and low pressure (vein) system. Depending upon the location and/or degree (e.g. size and flow) of fistulous condition, each circulatory system exerts different compensatory hemodynamic response to this newly developed abnormal inter-relationship between two systems in order to minimize its hemodynamic impact to own system of different hemodynamic characteristics. Pump action of the heart can assist the failing arterial system directly to maintain arterial circulation against newly established low peripheral resistance by the AV fistula during the compensation period, while it affects venous system in negative way with increased venous loading. However, the negative impact of increased heart action to the venous system is partly compensated by the lymphatic system which is the third circulatory system to assist venous system independently with different hemodynamics. The lymphatic system with own unique Iymphodynamics based on peristaltic circulation from low resistance to high resistance condition, also increases its circulation to assist the compensation of overloaded venous system. Once these compensation mechanisms should fail to fight to newly established hemodynamic condition due to this abnormal AV connection, each system start to show different physiologic ${\underline{de}compensation}$ including heart and lymphatic system. The vicious cycle of decompensation between arterial and vein, two circulatory system affecting each other by mutually negative way steadily progresses to show series of hemodynamic change throughout entire circulation system altogether including heart. Clinical outcome of AV fistula from the compensated status to decompensated status is closely affected by various biological and mechanical factors to make the hemodynmic status more complicated. Proper understanding of these crucial biomechanical factors iii particular on hemodyanmic point of view is mandatory for the advanced assessment of biomechanical impact of AV fistula, since this new advanced concept of AY fistula based on blomechanical information will be able to improve clinical control of the complicated AV fistula, either congenital or acquired.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.193-196
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• 2007

From April 9th to May 4th 2007, making a random selection of three private dental clinics in Busan, this study investigated the fear for dental treatment for 178 adults over twenty. Using four items of General Characteristics and DFS of twenty items, the degree of fear for dental treatment was evaluated by self administrated questionnaire. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Reliability analysis of each factor in details was 0.662~0.921 in Cronbach' alpha Coefficients. For Cronbach' alpha Coefficients was over 0.6. Dental Fear Survey Scale was reliable. 2. Dental stimulus response scale of three factors appeared more fear than two factors of the rest. The fear for dental treatment was higher in wemen, older ages, high education level and high income. 3. Factor of dental stimulus response scale, avoidance of dentistry and physiologic response scale accounted for 66.1%($R^2=66.1$)of the variation in dental fear factor as a result from stepwise regression analysis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.743-750
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• 2014

Purpose: The objective of this study was to provide a trend analysis of the prevalence of diabetes relative to the socioeconomic, lifestyle, and physiologic risk factors among Korean adults aged over 30 years for a 10-year period using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: Prevalence difference and the slope index of inequality were calculated for each risk factors using binomial regression by considering the repeated cross-sectional features of the data. The prevalence ratio and the relative index of inequality were calculated using log-binomial regression. Linear trend tests were performed using SAS 9.2. Results: Crude prevalence of diabetes increased over the 10-year period, and was higher for men than for women. It was very high for adults 60 years or over, consistently increasing over time. The prevalence among unemployed men, women with higher level of stress, women with hypertension, and adults with serum triglyceride levels over 135 mg/dL increased over the 10-year period in comparison with the respective control group. Conclusion: Considering the rapid economic development and associated lifestyle changes in Korea, action should be taken to control the prevalence of diabetes by both preventing and consistently monitoring these identified risk factors using a public-health approach.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of uncertainty, physiological risk factors, self-efficacy, and self-management among stroke patients and to identify factors influencing their self-management. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used for this study. A convenience sample of 149 patients with stroke were enrolled at C national university hospital from February to April in 2016. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and electronic medical record. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analysis with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: There were significant negative correlations between uncertainty and self-efficacy (r=-.56, p<.001); between uncertainty and self-management (r=-.56, p<.001); and between total cholesterol and self-management (r=-.23, p=.005). There were significant positive correlations between self-efficacy and self-management (r=.78, p<.001); between uncertainty and total cholesterol (r=.24, p=.003). The significant factors influencing self-management were uncertainty and self-efficacy. Theses variables explained 62.7% of the variance in self-management. Conclusion: The results suggest that intervention programs to reduce the level of uncertainty and to increase the level of self-efficacy among patients would improve the self-management of stroke patients.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2021

Purpose: Malnutrition affects all age groups, but older adults are particularly more vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies. This study evaluated the age-specific factors affecting malnutrition in hospitalized older adults. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on inpatient elderly people who received artificial nutrition from 2010 to 2017. Data of demographics, diagnosis, type of nutrition therapy, number of comorbidity, fall risk assessment, Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) score, and intensive care unit admission were collected. Malnutrition was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of less than 18.5 kg/m². Patients were classified as the young-old (65~74 years old), the old-old (75~84 years old), or the oldest-old (85 years old or older). Results: A total of 7,130 older adults were included, and 4,028 patients were classified as the young-old, 2,506 into the old-old, and 596 into the oldest-old. Proportion of malnutrition was higher in the oldest-old compared to the other groups. In multivariate analysis, parenteral nutrition, alcohol, and high risk of falls were factors affecting malnutrition in all groups. Parenteral nutrition and alcohol in the young-old, high risk of falls in the old-old, and male sex in the oldest-old were the factors affecting malnutrition by the age group. Conclusion: Older age was the most significant factor affecting malnutrition. Specific strategies by age are needed to improve nutritional status in hospitalized older adults as influencing factors for malnutrition vary among different age groups.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1112-1119
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• 2005

The dream is a well-known experience in the routine life. It is necessary to consider the dream to modality of diagnosis because many evidences that the dream represents the physiologic and pathologic changes in the human have been proved in recent days. The oneironosus(病夢) was caused by three factors, which are the external stresses of the body, malfunction of Jang-Bu(臟腑) and irregular of Yin-Yang(陰陽) and Gi-blood(氣血). The oneironosus(病夢) reflects the location, characteristics, progression and prognosis of the disease. In addition, it predicts the development of disease. The principle of treatment for the oneironosus(病夢) is making an effort for the stabilization of mind by eradicating the internal and external factors that make the spirit(神) been unstable.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore how individual factors, physiologic factors, symptoms, environmental factors, functional status and health perception predict the quality of life (QOL) for older adults with osteoarthritis and to provide guidelines for interventions and strategies to improve QOL in these patients. The conceptual model was based on the Wilson and Cleary's Model. Methods: Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0 and AMOS 19.0 program. Results: The proposed model was a good fit for the data based on the model fit indices. Based on the constructed model, individual factors, social support, functional status and health perception were founded to have direct effects on QOL. Symptom had a indirect effect on QOL. Social support had a significant effect on QOL, and this model explained 63.6% of the variance in QOL. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that nursing strategies to increase QOL in this population should contain social support to promote QOL and manage functional limitations and health perception.