• 한국가구학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1999

The goal of the present study is to develop the Human Interface Elements(HIE's) for evaluating the physical suitability of office chairs. HIE is generally defined as the physical characteristic of manufacturing goods, and it is closely related to the body dimension of a user and environment that it is used. In the present study the design elements of a chair were investigated, and from here, HIE's of office chair were developed based on relatedness of the design components, the physical characteristics of users, and characteristics of an environment that it used. As a result, components of a chair were classified as 6 major parts: Seat pan, back rest, arm rest, function control unit, seat supports and whole system. 43 HIE's were extracted from there 6 components. Also, the method for measuring HIE were developed.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2009

The present study was intended to suggest a process of physical user interface (PUI) design guideline development, which was validated with mobile phones. The process consisted of five stages including component and dimension analysis, function and environment analysis, evaluation criterion generation, literature review, and design guideline development. The process was applied to develop 19 mobile phone PUI design guidelines by identifying 28 components, 9 dimensions, 51 functions, 7 environmental conditions, and 15 criteria. The systematic approach of the process would be useful for manufacturers to develop design guidelines in an efficient manner.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Human-Computer Interaction(HCI)에 대한 관심도가 높이지면서, HCI에 대한 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이와 더불어 사용자의 몸짓이나 음성을 이용하는 Natural User Interface/Natural User eXperience(NUI/NUX)에 대한 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. NUI/NUX의 경우, 제스처 인식이나 음성 인식 등의 인식 알고리즘이 필요하다. 하지만 이러한 인식 알고리즘은 전처리, 정규화, 특징 추출과 같은 단계를 거쳐야하기 때문에 구현이 복잡하고, 트레이닝에 많은 시간을 투자해야 한다는 단점이 있다. 최근에는 NUI/NUX 개발 도구로 Microsoft 사의 Kinect가 개발되어 개발자와 일반인들에게 많은 관심을 받고 있고, 이를 이용한 다양한 연구가 진행 중에 있다. 본 저자들의 이전 연구에서도 사용자의 신체적 특징을 이용하여 뛰어난 직관성을 가진 핸드 마우스를 구현하였다. 하지만 마우스의 움직임이 부자연스럽고 정확도가 낮아 사용자가 사용하기 다소 어려웠다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 Kinect를 통해 사용자의 신체적 특징을 실시간으로 추출하고, 이를 이용해 가상 모니터라는 새로운 개념을 추가한 핸드 마우스 인터페이스를 설계하고 구현하였다. 가상 모니터는 사용자의 손으로 마우스를 제어할 수 있는 가상의 공간을 의미한다. 이를 통해 가상 모니터 상의 손의 좌표를 실제 모니터 상의 좌표로 정확하게 매핑(mapping)이 가능하다. 가상 모니터를 사용함으로써 이전 연구의 장점인 직관성을 유지하고, 단점인 정확도를 높일 수 있다. 추가적으로 뇌파 집중 지표를 이용해 사용자의 불필요한 행동을 인식하여 핸드 마우스 인터페이스의 정확도를 높였다. 제안하는 핸드 마우스의 직관성과 정확성을 평가하기 위하여 10대부터 50대까지 50명에게 실험을 하였다. 직관성 실험 결과로 84%가 1분 이내에 사용방법을 터득하였다. 또한 동일한 피실험자에게 일반적인 마우스 기능(드래그, 클릭, 더블클릭)에 대해 정확성 실험을 한 결과로 드래그 80.9%, 클릭 80%, 더블 클릭 76.7%의 정확성을 보였다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안하는 핸드 마우스 인터페이스의 직관성과 정확성을 확인하였으며, 미래에 손으로 시스템이나 소프트웨어를 제어하는 인터페이스의 좋은 예시가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2009

모바일 단말 환경에서 상황 인식 컴퓨팅 기술은 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅의 핵심 기술 중 하나이다. 상황 인식 컴퓨팅은 사용자의 활동에 따라 능동적으로 반응하는 컴퓨팅 응용들을 실현 가능하게 한다. 현재 모바일 단말은 데스크 탑 컴퓨터에 비해 사용자 인터페이스와 자원은 매우 제한적이다. 데스크 탑 사용자는 정지된 상태에서 사용자 인터페이스를 설계하는 반면에 모바일 사용자는 단말을 사용하는 동안 움직인다는 것을 가정해야 하기 때문에 기존의 대표적인 입출력 장치인 키보드와 마우스 같은 편리한 사용자 인터페이스를 제공할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 인간이나 물체의 물리적인 활동 상태와 자세를 감지할 수 있는 가속도센서를 사용하여 모바일 단말에 적용함으로서 모바일 단말의 부족한 사용자 인터페이스를 보완하고 제한된 자원을 효율적으로 이용할 수 있는 지능형 제어 시스템을 소개한다. 제안된 시스템은 모바일 단말기 사용자의 활동 상태 (정적인 상태와 동적인 상태)와 모바일 단말을 보는 자세를 동시에 추정하였고, 그것의 응용인 지능형 제어 시스템은 사용자의 행동에 따라 모바일 단말기의 백라이트가 ON 또는 OFF 되는 것이다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2007

If a virtual object in a virtual environment represented by a stereo vision system could be touched by a user with some tactile feeling on his/her fingertip, the sense of reality would be heightened. To create a visual impression as if the user were directly pointing to a desired point on a virtual object with his/her own finger, we need to align virtual space coordinates and physical space coordinates. Also, if there is no tactile feeling when the user touches a virtual object, the virtual object would seem to be a ghost. Therefore, a haptic interface device is required to give some tactile sensation to the user. We have constructed such a human-computer interaction system in the form of a simple virtual reality game using a stereo vision system, a vibro-tactile device module, and two position/orientation sensors.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1638-1641
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• 2004

Many walking stands, and assisting tools have been developed for the people with low-limb disability to prevent diseases from bedridden state and to help them walk again. But many of those equipments require user to have some physical strength or balancing ability. In our last research, we developed walking assist system for the people with lower-limb disability. With the system, user can be assisted by actuators, and do not have to worry about falling down. The system adapted the unique closed links structure with four servomotors, three PICs as controller, and four limit switches as HMI (human man interface). We confirmed the adaptability of the system by the experiment. In this research, Muscle Stiffness Sensor was tested as the advanced HMI for walking assist system, and confirmed the adaptability by the experiment. As Muscle Stiffness Sensor can attain the muscle activity, user can interface with any device he want to control. Experimental result with Muscle Stiffness sonsor showed that user could easily control the walking assist system as his will, just by changing his muscle strength.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1998

A combined PC and TV monitor has been developed in several companies. The characteristics of physical user interface in this monitor are likely to vary from existing monitors. Therefore, two experiments to investigate the physical interface characteristics of this monitor were conducted. The first experiment was to investigate the characteristics of color perception with monitor coating (coating vs. non-coating) and screen brightness (30fL vs. 35fL) in the PC mode. The second experiment was to investigate the characteristics of luminance contrast with monitor coating and image movement (static vs. dynamic) in the TV mode. Twenty-three subjects (male 12, female 11) were participated in this experiment. In the first experiment, average color temperatures were obtained in all experimental conditions. There was a significant difference between coating and non-coating screen at 0.1 level. In the second experiment, average luminance contrasts were obtained in all experimental conditions. There was a significant difference between coating and non-coating screen at 0.05 level. In addition, there was a significant difference between static picture and dynamic picture at 0.1 level.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2015

An interface in smart device environment is changing to TUI(touch user interface) environment where a system is being controlled by physical touch, differently from a system controlled through conventional mouse and keyboard. What is more important than anything else in this TUI environment is to implement interface in consideration of learn ability and cognitive constructivism according to user's experience. Therefore, now is the time when it is necessary to carry out various studies on smart content design process going a step farther together with discussing the details of user's experience factor. Hence, this study was intended to look into what effect a user's experiential traits had on the production of contents for the purpose of measures for improving TUI user satisfaction in order to effectively realize contents in smart environment. Results were yielded by using a statistical empirical analysis such as cross-tabulation analysis according to important variable and user, paired t-test, multiple response analysis, and preference frequency analysis of user preference on the basis of a survey. As a result, a system was presented for implementing DFSS(Design For Six Sigma) process. TUI experience factor can be divided into direct habitual experience, direct learning experience, indirect habitual experience, and indirect learning experience. And in the results of study, it was possible to find that the important variables of this study had a positive effect on the improvement of use satisfaction with contents on the whole according to the user convenience of smart contents. This study is expected to have a positive effect on efficient smart device-based contents production by providing objective information according to empirical analysis to smart media-based developer and designer and presenting a model for improving the changed TUI usability.

• 센서학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2007

For many applications particularly in navigation system, a three-dimensional representation improves the usability of information. This paper introduces 3D Graphical User Interface (GUI) of indoor location tracking system, 3D Navigation View. The application provides users a 3D visualization of the indoor environments they are exploring, synchronized with the physical world through spatial information obtained from indoor location tracking system. It adopts widely used Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) to construct, represent, distribute and render 3D world of indoor environments over Internet. Java, an all-purpose programming language is integrated to comprehend spatial information received from indoor location tracking system. Both are connected through an interface called External Authoring Interface (EAI) provided by VRML. Via EAI, Java is given the authority to access and manipulate the 3D objects inside the 3D world that facilitates the indication of user's position and viewpoint in the constructed virtual indoor environments periodically.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.49-71
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• 2017

The purpose of the study was to identify key design features of virtual reality with head-mounted displays (HMD) and touchless interface for the hearing-impaired and hard-of-hearing learners. The virtual reality based training program was aimed to help hearing-impaired learners in machine operating learning, which requires spatial understanding to operate. We developed an immersive virtual learning environment prototype with an HMD (Oculus Rift) and a touchless natural user interface (Leap Motion) to identify the key design features required to enhance virtual reality for the hearing-impaired and hard-of-hearing learners. Two usability tests of the prototype were conducted, which revealed that several features in the system need revision and that the technology presents an enormous potential to help hearing-impaired learners by providing realistic and immersive learning experiences. After the usability tests of hearing-impaired students' exploring the 3D virtual space, interviews were conducted, which also established that further revision of the system is needed, which would take into account the learners' physical as well as cognitive characteristics.