• Anxiety and mood
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2009

Objective : Recently, there is an increasing trend of attachment to physical appearance of individuals in many persons with spread of social concern through mass communication. Domestically, several studies has been performed, but they were limited to obesity mainly for juveniles or female college students. Therefore, purpose of this study were to standardize Body image dysmorphic disorder examination self report with male and female college students in Cheonnan area. Methods : This study were total 825 college students in Cheonan area. Subject group are consist of 393 males (47.6%) and 427 females (51.8%), and the mean age was $22.28{\pm}3.24$ years old. Results : The BDDE-SR had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=.93) and test-retest (r=.82) and interator reliability. Four factors were extracted by factor analysis with the Varimax rotation. They were 'the camouflage and comparison factor', 'the self-consciousness and negative self-evaluation factor', 'the avoidance factor', and 'the distressing and embarassment factor'. The total score of BDDE-SR was $50.8{\pm}27.1$, female's score ($59.2{\pm}25.5$) was statistically higher than male's score ($41.85{\pm}25.84$). Conclusion : It is considered that BDDE-SR is reliable instrument for body image dissatisfaction, provided correct information in predicting clinical status of Body dysmorphic disorder that is most largely influenced by individual psychologic factor and family system.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.124-128
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• 1998

From Feb. 1996 to Feb. 1997. among sixty-four patients of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) reconstruction using multi-stranded hamstring tendon and EndoButton fixation, twenty-five patients of volunteer, 15 men and 10 women, from 16 to 50 years of age(mean 27.6 years) underwent arthroscopic evaluation. Arthroscopic evaluation was routinely performed one year after surgery along with an examination of stability. The purpose of this study was to arthroscopically evaluate the morphological changes that occurred in hamstring tendon autograft one year after ACL reconstruction. Both of the tendon graft and the adjacent fibrous tissues were observed for gross appearance and physical properties with probing and response to passive anterior translation. Biopsy samples were taken from the surrounding fibrous tissue and the tendon graft. Grossly, we found a well-defined ligamentous structure with good tension tested with a probe. A common finding was that the reconstructed ligaments were embedded in a layer of the synovium, and blood vessels could be seen on the anterior surface of the ligament. The biopsy tissue was placed in formalin solution and subjected to histological preparation by hematoxylin and eosin staining method. The hamstring tendon graft appeared histologically normal under light microscopic finding. There were a few vessels located between existing collagen bundles, and the vessels had an orderly pattern. The surrounding fibrous tissue envelope was covered with synovium. We pleased with preliminary findings in our evaluation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.265-276
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• 2020

This research is to study about the extrinsic characteristics of imaginary friends in the picture books which are published in Korea and its publishing trend. At first, the pioneering country which is publishing picture books telling about the imaginary friend belongs to the western countries, and some part of them are printed in Japan and Korea among east asia, and its story is most likely fiction, since 2000, the picture books about the imaginary friends have been steadily published. Secondly, its extrinsic characteristics among them are the gender, name of the main character and his/her imaginary friends, and whether the imaginary friend present themselves, their physical types, and the numbers of imaginary friends in the picture books. The percentage of gender between man and woman who is more likely to have the imaginary friends in the picture books are higher to girls than boys, and their imaginary friends are to be called by the intimate or unique name rather than the its general name and/or the name reflected by it appearance, and the imaginary friend are only visible to the main character, and its type are widely ranged from animal, human, and others in frequent order, and the main character tend to have only one imgainary friend rather than to have multiple ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1005-1010
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of maltodextrin on the characteristics of low-calorie layer cake. Different levels of maltodextrin were added to the cake formula based on the weight of shortening. The specific gravity of cake batter was decreased by increasing the level of maltodextrin, whereas the viscosity showed an opposite trend. The microstructures of cake crumb observed by the scanning electron microscope showed the decrease of the number and size of air cells, and those of fat particles were also decreased by increasing the level of maltodextrin. The texture profile analysis of layer cake showed statistically significant differences according to the levels of maltodextrin. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness of the cake batter were decreased by adding maltodextrin, while springiness, cohesiveness and resilience increased. According to the sensory evaluation, the scores of taste and texture were decreased by adding maltodextrin, but the scores of appearance, color, flavor and overall preference of the layer cake increased. Overall results suggested that the addition of 35% maltodextrin could be the best replacing ratio for the low-calorie layer cake.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

Resistive heating sources are widely used to prepare thin films by vapor deposition because they are cheap, and easy to install and handle in vacuum system. Graphite is one of materials used to make the resistive heating source, but until now only limited applications have been possible as it reacts easily with evaporating materials at high temperature. In this study, evaporation characteristics of aluminum have been investigated by using graphite boat thermally treated with BN powder. The employed graphite boat has been prepared by spray-coating BN power onto the cavity surface of the boat and thermal treatment with aluminum in vacuum at the temperature of more than $1400^{\circ}C$. The voltage-current characteristics as well as resistivity changes of the graphite boat have been investigated during aluminum evaporation according to the applied voltage and time. The evaporation aspect has been picturized during flash evaporation for 40 seconds based on the characterization results. The evaporation rate of the graphite boat has been compared with that of BN boat. The graphite boat showed some different characteristics compared with BN boat, in that the evaporation occurred at the last stage of flash evaporation. The film appearance according to the applied voltage has been compared, and also the reflectance of the resulting film has been investigated according to the film thickness. It has been found that the graphite boat thermally treated with BN powder can be used for aluminum evaporation without problem.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.4 s.66
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• pp.205-208
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• 2006

This work is a interactive digital art work which used the multiplex of jitter. It is an work which used a cross concept of two images. This work shows two kinds of images. One is on the wall through the gap of fluorescent lamp screen, and the other is on the fluorescent lamp screen. Two images are intercepted and comes out to the length as the multiplex of the jitter. The appearance of the spectator be recognized on the fluorescent lamp screen or on the wall, by two branch image which comes out intersecting of a length with multiplex function of the jitter. Two branch features of the image which it produces and the spectator which is input at real-time is equally divided, or in impression of juxtaposition goes in the spectator. It expresses the duplicity of the human being, with physical existence space divides the time space which we feel and there is a governing grammar which is different with each other and to express the thing it becomes. It used the image of the screen which it produces with the fluorescent lamp and cross concept.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 2001

What is 'fusion'\ulcorner And how should we accept it, which has been appeared before us with an irresistible force in the 21 century through the whole area of scientific branches\ulcorner And does it mean a mere physical 'mixture' or a chemical 'compound' among the fused parties\ulcorner And is it an impartial fusion among the parties or a partial Fusion absorbed by the stronger party\ulcorner We cannot give a right answer without full comprehension of the meaning and process of Fusion. In this respect, 1 would like to touch upon many of these matters on Fusion and stir a attention to the fact that our life quality must not be damaged by the sudden appearance of Fusion in this era. In the future, there will be a bigger Fusion in so many a field than now between the advanced and the underdeveloped countries of the world. Nevertheless, it doesn't always follow that Fusion gives us the best way of arriving to happy lives. There are still too many undesirable things in it. And then, I conclude that it is through the multidisciplinary research and its systematic analyses that we can solve many negative problems on Fusion.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.14.1-14.8
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• 2017

In this study, marine tunicate Styela clava hydrolysate was produced by an environment friendly and green technology, pressurized hot water hydrolysis (PHWH) at different temperatures ($125-275^{\circ}C$) and pressure 50 bar. A wide range of physico-chemical and bio-functional properties such as color, pH, protein content, total carbohydrate content, reducing sugar content, and radical scavenging activities of the produced hydrolysates were evaluated. The appearance (color) of hydrolysates varied depending on the temperature; hydrolysates obtained at $125-150^{\circ}C$ were lighter, whereas at $175^{\circ}C$ gave reddish-yellow, and $225^{\circ}C$ gave dark brown hydrolysates. The $L^*$ (lightness), $a^*$ (red-green), and $b^*$ (yellow-blue) values of the hydrolysates varied between 35.20 and 50.21, -0.28 and 9.59, and 6.45 and 28.82, respectively. The pH values of S. clava hydrolysates varied from 6.45 ($125^{\circ}C$) to 8.96 ($275^{\circ}C$) and the values were found to be increased as the temperature was increased. The hydrolysis efficiency of S. clava hydrolysate was ranged from 46.05 to 88.67% and the highest value was found at $250^{\circ}C$. The highest protein, total carbohydrate content, and reducing sugar content of the hydrolysates were found 4.52 mg/g bovine, 11.48 mg/g and 2.77 mg/g at 175, and 200 and $200^{\circ}C$, respectively. Hydrolysates obtained at lower temperature showed poor radical scavenging activity and the highest DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP activities were obtained 10.25, 14.06, and 10.91 mg trolox equivalent/g hydrolysate (dry matter basis), respectively. Therefore, S. clava hydrolysate obtained by PHWH at $225-250^{\circ}C$ and 50 bar is recommended for bio-functional food supplement preparation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.201-204
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• 2008

Purpose: Now the CT scanner and PACS program proved to be an excellent instrument for detection and localization of most facial foreign bodies above certain minimum levels of detectability. The severity of injury in penetrating trauma on the face is often underestimated in physical examination. Wood, with its porous consistency and organic nature, provides a good medium for microbial agents. This is a report of our recent experience with wooden foreign bodies in the parotid gland imaged with CT. Methods: A 9-year-old boy was referred for evaluation of possible retained foreign body within his face. One day earlier, he had fallen, face down approximately 1 miter onto ground. He had subsequently undergone an exploration of his right parotido-masseteric area at an outside hospital with repair of a right facial laceration. Enhanced 2 mm axial and coronal CT scans were obtained through the face. Axial and coronal CT images were obtained with a General Electric(Milwaukee, Wis) 9800 CT scanner at 130 kV, 90 mA, with a 2 mm section thickness. Results: We finally decided the linear "gas" attenuation was a foreign body because of its linear configuration, which did not conform to that of an anatomic structure, and on the basis of articles that described a wood foreign body in the orbit as having the appearance of air. We found that wood was hypoattenuating($-464{\pm}27HU$). Conclusion: We recommend this type of software program for CT scanning for any patient with an injury on the face in which a foreign body is suspected.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1057-1061
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• 2008

For the purpose of investigating the reasonable logics contained in physiognomy of east and old western medicine. hypothetical researches based on hydromechanics theory were performed concerning facial types of form and pathologic features, especially 4 types of Dr. Jisan-Essence, Qi energy. Emotional Activity and Blood(EQAB). In order to infer the functional relation between facial type forming and EQAB factors, EQAB were supposed as fluid grounded on their continual flowing or periodical change and pressure effect from its congestion. and a premise that there's a linear corresponding relationship between the appearance of organ and its physical conditions of its inner vessels is formed too. Through this work, the unit fluid model(UFM) of Essence can be assumed as circle shape formed by the high viscosity and surface tension, the UFM model of Qi energy as quadrangular shape by the scattering features to outer four directions, and the UFM of emotional activity as inverted triangular shape by the flippant and uprising features, and the UFM of blood as ellipsoid triangle by the heavy and descending features in spite of circulation. The shapes made from each UFM are reproduced in the process of human development and manifest respective facial shape through the self-reproduction method like fractal theory in the last. Conclusively. it is said that the facial form analysis method like EQAB type theory can be the useful methodology to understand the human pathological and physiological features in view of hydromechanics.