• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제41권6호
• /
• pp.427-433
• /
• 2008

Objectives: This study was performed to assess the association between physical activity and the clustering of metabolic abnormalities among Korean children. The effect of substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for the time spent in inactivity was examined as well. Methods: The study subjects were comprised of 692 (354 boys, 338 girls) 4th grade elementary school students. We used a modified form of the physical activity questionnaire that was developed in the Five-City Project. The subjects with clustering of metabolic abnormalities were defined as having two or more of the following five characteristics: waist circumference ${\geq}90\;%$, systolic or diastolic blood pressure ${\geq}90\;%$, fasting glucose ${\geq}110\;mg/dl$, triglycerides ${\geq}110\;mg/dl$ and HDL cholesterol ${\geq}40\;mg/dl$. We calculated the odds ratios to assess the effect of substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for time spent in inactivity. Results: The risk of clustered metabolic abnormalities was inversely correlated with the increased time spent on moderate to vigorous physical activity, but the correlation was not significant. The odds ratio for clustering of metabolic abnormalities that represented the effect of substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for 30minutes of sedentary activity was 0.87(95% Cl=0.76-1.01). Conclusions: These findings suggest that substituting moderate to vigorous physical activity for sedentary activity could decrease the risk of clustered metabolic abnormalities.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.527-530
• /
• 2019

The increasing prevalence of inactivity and obesity, along with aging, has implications on work capacity of labor force. This study reports the relationships between activity level and BMI by age with objectively measured physical workload. Data were examined from a sample of 19 481 Finnish employees using an estimate of minute-to-minute oxygen consumption based on R-R interval recordings. The mean estimated %VO₂max during the working day was 12.1 (±3.6) and 15.1 (±4.5)% for men and women, respectively. Based on a linear model, the mean %VO₂max increased by 1.5%-unit per 10-year increase in age, by 2.1%-unit per 5 kg/㎡ increase in BMI, and decreased by 1.6%-unit if improving physical activity class by two (p < 0.001 for all). Overweight and obesity, together with inactivity, notably increases workload throughout the career, even though at young adulthood, the daily workload is almost the same for each person regardless of the BMI, activity level, or gender. This study highlights the importance of regular physical activity and normal weight in protecting the worker from excessive physical (cardiovascular) workload during the whole working career.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.1082-1093
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics and consumer attitude on purchasing apparel through Cable TV home-shopping. The questionnaire was administered to 4y5 May through September in 1996 and the data were analyzed by using frequency, factor analysis, crosstab, 1-test, ANOVA, MANOVA, scheffe with utilizing SPSS/PC+ The results of this study were as follows: 1. The most favorite media in purchasing apparel through home-shopping was Cable TV in all over ages except 50's. Women showed Cable TV the most interested, whereas men showed printed media and computer on-line shopping as home shopping media. 2. Home-shopping favor in region' was higher than that of Seoul. In the degree of favor, college students showed the highest, followed by part time employees, housewives and full time employees. Those who lived individual houses in other than Seoul area showed higher purchasing intention. 3. Sweater item was shown as the highest purchasing interested item and coat/business suit items were shown as lower among 10 different apparel items. 4. Five dimensions of Perceived benefits of apparel purchasing through Cable TV were derived by factor analysis such as variety of merchandise information, purchase convenience, efficiency, saving time, and convenience of physical inactivity. The convenience of physical inactivity showed the most important benefit through Cable TV home-shopping. Perceived risk of apparel purchasing through Cable TV was factor analyzed as merchandise related risk, size and appearance related risk, delivery related risk, TV watching related risk, and unplanned purchasing related risk. The sixte and appearance related risk was shown as the highest risk.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.97-114
• /
• 2000

Minority populations in the United States have a higher prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and more persons die of the disease than white persons. This study was to review and compare risk factors and prevalence rates of NIDDM in African Americans, Hispanic s, Korean Americans and Native Americans in the United States. The risk factors of NIDDM, including family history of diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, diet and age, were reviewed in the minority populations. Risk factors such as obesity, physical inactivity and family history of diabetes occurred to a greater extent in some minority populations than in the white population. Diabetes should be treated as a public health problem for minority populations. Due to the increase of older populations and the increased prevalence of obesity and sedentariness, NIDDM in minorities is nearing epidemic proportions. Good diet and regular exercise can reduce the incidence of NIDDM but an understanding of the cultural aspects of diabetes is imperative in order to provide adequate community health education programs because those programs involve diet and behavior changes, characteristics that are often culturally determined. In summary, it is important to plan a community health education program targeted on NIDDM in a culturally adapted manner that will be received with both comprehension and acceptability. In particular, the program for high-risk populations should be stressed so to prevent diabetes. Preventive approaches to diabetes should be considered because they can be both therapeutic and cost effective.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.83-98
• /
• 2001

Although periodic health examination has been one of the most common practices of preventive medicine, its effect on modification of risk behavior has been seldom assessed. Thus, this study attempted to demonstrate the influence of a health examination on modification of cardiovascular disease related health risk behaviors such as smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. Data of 893 adults were derived from two types of a popular and highly acclaimed health examination program. With a conceptual model constructed using Persuasive Communication variables, McNemar tests examined Source-Outcome association, hypothesizing that different health examination programs would yield different levels of behavior change in smoking, physical inactivity, and obesity. No significant behavior change was found in any of the two health examination programs. Instead, previously established Receiver-Outcome relationship was reconfirmed by logistic regression modeling where gender was the most prominent predictor of all three behaviors. Men were more likely to be current smokers (OR=0.029), exercisers (OR=2.629), and obese (OR=0.237). The importance of followups after health examination is highly stressed as well as that of gender-specific health education strategies. This study recommends applying the social-ecological approaches in health examination, which emphasizes the support and collaboration at individual, family, organizations, community, and policy level to improve health. Long term and qualitative evaluation of health examination may provide more foundation for increasing the effectiveness of health education and communication in health examinations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.585-589
• /
• 2015

Physical inactivity may an important outcome in the prognosis of breast cancer. Physical activity levels decrease significantly for breast cancer patients following the treatment and remain low after oncology treatment is completed. The aim of this study was to determine physical activity levels and to examine associations among physical activity, comorbidity, functional capacity, peripheral muscle strength, and psychosocial status in breast cancer patients. Forty breast cancer survivors were included in this study. Demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Physical activity was assessed with a short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). We defined comorbid diseases according to the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Functional capacity was evaluated with a six-minute walk test (6MWT). Peripheral muscle strength was measured for quadriceps femoris muscle with a hand-held dynamometer. Psychosocial status was measured with the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). Forty percent of patients were inactive. The IPAQ total score was significantly related with quadriceps muscle strength (r=0.492; p<0.001) and HADS depression score (r=0.341; p<0.05). Marked correlations were also observed between IPAQ walking score and quadriceps muscle strength (r=0.449; p<0.001), HADS depression score (r=0.341; p<0.05), and CCI (r=-0.433; p<0.001). The CCI score was also markedly associated with quadriceps muscle strength (r=-0.413; p<0.001). 6MWT distance was not significantly correlated with any of the parameters. Regression analyses revealed that psychosocial status and peripheral muscle strength were significant predictors of physical activity estimated with the IPAQ short form and when combined, they explained 35% of the variance. Comorbidities, peripheral muscle strength and psychosocial status partially explain the variability of physical activity level in breast cancer survivors. These results suggest that physical inactivity contributes to worsening health in breast cancer survivors.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.57-69
• /
• 2008

Objectives : To review the controlling methods used in RCTs (randomized controlled trials) of auricular acupuncture. Methods : To investigate the controlling methods used in clinical trials of auricular acupuncture, 46 articles were retrieved from PUBMED (from August 1976 to August 2007, with limits: english, clinical trial) using the key words of "ear acupuncture", "auricular acupuncture", "auriculo-medicine", and sorted out according to the types of control treatments. Among them, 10 articles were selected based on STRICTA (Standards for Reporting Intervention in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture), and the controlling methods used in those articles were reviewed. Results : In clinical trials of auricular acupuncture, 'sham acupoints (non-acupoints and non-treatment acupoints included)', 'minimal acupuncture', 'pseudo-intervention', and 'placebo devices' have been used as controlling methods, but their 'inactivity' have been in question. To compensate the disadvantages of 'minimal acupuncture', and 'pseudo-intervention' control, placebo auricular acupuncture needles have been developed, although these needles didn't satisfy the conditions of 'blinding' and 'physical inactivity' simultaneously. Conclusions : Further researches on 'sham acupoints' and new development of 'placebo auricular acupuncture needles' are needed.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2005

Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and the microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. It has been suggested that speed of sound (SOS) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) of quantitative ultrasound sonography (QUS) may provide information about not only bone density but also the microarchitecture and elastic properties of bone. Physical inactivity reduced mechanical usage and it made process to the bone changes. This study aimed to association between the physical activity and the QUS parameters in 1305 (593 men, 712 women) aged 20 years over in a rural population. Two QUS parameters, BUA (p=.23) and SOS(p=.73) were measured at the right calcaneus of postmenopausal women, no significant associations were observed between sports index and SOS and BUA. These results suggest that work, non-sports leisure physical activity (p<.01) have a significant influence on QUS parameters in a rural population. Physical activity are meaningful predictor of QUS parameters of the calcaneus in a rural population.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2011

Objectives: This article intends to describe the status of and challenges for physical activity in Korean university students. Methods: National level secondary data and related articles were reviewed including KNHANES(Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) and Online Youth Health Behavior Survey. Four tables and two figures were generated from original data and related articles. Results: The proportion of Korean university students practicing regular physical activity appear to be about half of that in American students. Gender difference in physical activity practicing rate seems to be maintained in university years. The main reason for physical inactivity was that physical activity was bothersome. The trends of physical activity practice in Korean students since middle school years needs further research. Conclusions: To increase the rate of physical activity in Korean university students, evidence-based comprehensive approaches are needed including campaign and informational approaches, behavioral and social approaches and policy and environmental approaches adapted to Korean university students.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2006

The main objective of treatment in stroke is the prevention of stroke. Therefore the purpose of this study were to investigate the effects of environment factors on a type of stroke. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Hemorrhagic stroke was more prevalent than ischemic stroke to male and person with personality of inactivity, against ischemic stroke was more prevalent than hemorrhagic stroke to female and person with personality of activity(p<0.05). 2. Hemorrhagic stroke was more prevalent than ischemic stroke to a laborer, against ischemic stroke was more prevalent than hemorrhagic stroke to an office worker (p<0.05). 3. Hemorrhagic stroke was more prevalent to person living in a house, against ischemic stroke was more prevalent to person living in a apartment. 4. The majority of the onset of stroke was occurred in the morning and winter. 5. Stroke was more prevalent to person living under much stress and do not play any sports.