• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2017

Asteroid specimens of the genus Luidia were collected at a depth of 95-100 m in the Korea Strait by bottom trawling in April 2016. The specimens were identified as Luidia avicularia Fisher, 1913 (Luidiidae: Paxillosida) based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses, and the species is new to the Korean fauna. A 648-bp partial nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mt-COI) gene was obtained from Korea, and then was compared to sequences of related species stored in GenBank using molecular phylogenetic analyses. No sequence differences were detected between the L. avicularia mt-COI gene sequences from Korea and China, and the species described in this report was clearly distinct from L. maculata, which was previously reported in Korean fauna. Three Luidia species have been reported in Korea.

• 식물병연구
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 2023

The apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) is one of the most harmful latent viruses infecting pear orchards worldwide. To examine the genetic diversity of ASGV in Korean pear orchards, the complete coat protein (CP) gene of five ASGV isolates collected from various regions were identified. The five Korean ASGV isolates showed 88-96% nucleotide identity with the 11 isolates worldwide occurring elsewhere in the world. Phylogenetic analysis of five isolates, as well as the previously sequenced isolates, indicated that the ASGV clusters had no correlation with the host or geographical regions of origin. Recombination analysis showed that one of the five Korean isolates is a recombinant, with a recombination site in the CP gene region (nt 532-708). This study is the first report of natural recombination within the CP gene of ASGV isolates from pears grown in Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.210-215
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• 2023

The aim of this study was to characterize a new fungal species, Acremonium conglutinatum, isolated from air samples collected in Wando, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions revealed its unique position within the genus Acremonium. The isolated strain displayed distinct morphological characteristics, including ellipsoid or bent-ellipsoid conidia formed in clusters on the phialides. These features differentiate the new species from closely related species within the genus. This study describes the morphological and molecular characteristics of A. conglutinatum and emphasizes its phylogenetic relationships with other Acremonium spp. The identification of this novel species contributes to our understanding of the diversity and ecological role of Acremonium.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 토판염전 결정지에 서식하는 세균군집의 계통학적 다양성을 분석하고 culturomics법에 기반하여 고도 호염균의 다양성을 확보하고자 하였다. 토판염전 내 세균밀도를 조사한 결과, 직접검경법에 의한 생균수는 평판배양법에 비해 $10^3{\sim}10^4$ 배 이상 높은 계수치를 나타내어 배양이 곤란한 세균(viable but non-culturable bacteria, VBNC)이 다수 존재해 있음으로 판단되었다. 토판염전 결정지 내 세균군집 다양성 해석을 위해 배양비의존적 방법인 pyrosequencing 분자기법을 이용하였다. 세균군집의 경우 1,778 OTUs, 다양성 지수 6.16로 나타났으며, 18문46강85목140과 243속으로 확인되었다. Archaea군집은 643 OTUs, 다양성 지수 4.95로 3문6강7목7과 38속이 분포해 있음이 확인되었다. 고도 호염균 생육에 적합한 배양배지 및 배양조건을 고려한 총 59가지의 다양한 배양 방법을 이용하여 137균주를 순수 분리하였다. 분리된 고도호염균의 16S rRNA 유전자 분석결과, 총4문11속의 다양한 계통군으로 확인되었으며 호염성 archaea 계통군 Haloterrigena 속과 haloferax 속이 culturomics법을 통해 성공적으로 분리되었다. 고도 호염균 다양성 확보를 위해 culturomics법이 매우 효과적임을 밝혔다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.771-779
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• 2012

The bacterial diversity of the continental shelf sediment in the Yellow Sea was investigated by the cloning and sequencing of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. The majority of the cloned sequences were distinct phylotypes that were novel at the species level. The richness estimator indicated that the sediment sample might harbor up to 32 phylum-level taxa. A large number of low-abundance, phylum-level taxa accounted for most of the observed phylogenetic diversity at our study site, suggesting that these low-abundance taxa might play crucial roles in the shelf sediment ecosystem.

• ALGAE
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2018

Red algae in the genus Portieria produce secondary halogenated monoterpenes, which are effective deterrents against herbivores, as secondary metabolites. Portieria hornemannii samples from various sites contain different concentrations of these metabolites, suggesting the existence of genetic diversity and cryptic species. To evaluate the genetic diversity and species distribution of Portieria in the northwest Pacific, we analyzed rbcL sequences of samples collected from Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. The phylogenetic analysis revealed five distinct lineages at the species level. One was recognized as Portieria japonica and the others were cryptic lineages in P. hornemannii. The rbcL haplotypes of P. japonica were genetically fragmented into two subgroups of geographic origin; Korean and Japanese. The four cryptic lineages within P. hornemannii were also geographically structured at a much finer scale. These results suggest that different genetic lineages in Portieria evolved from variable microhabitats, consequently influencing secondary metabolites. Further study is required to resolve the relationships between genetic and secondary metabolite variations in Portieria.

• Mycobiology
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2022

Epicoccum nigrum is a saprophytic or endophytic fungus that is found worldwide. Because of the antagonist effects of E. nigrum on many plant pathogens, current studies on E. nigrum have focused on the development of biological control agents and the utilization of its various metabolites. In this study, E. nigrum was collected from a wheat field, and its genetic diversity was analyzed. Phylogenetic analyses identified 63 isolates of E. nigrum divided into seven groups, indicating a wide genetic diversity. Isolates antagonized the wheat pathogen Fusarium graminearum, and reduced disease symptoms caused by F. graminearum in wheat coleoptiles. Moreover, pretreatment of wheat coleoptiles with E. nigrum induced the upregulation of pathogen-related (PR) genes, PR1, PR2, PR3, PR5, PR9, and PR10 in wheat coleoptiles responding to F. graminearum invasion. Overall, this study indicates that E. nigrum isolates can be used as biological pathogen inhibitors applied in wheat fields.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2007

The tiny dragonfly, Nannophya pygmaea(Odonata: Libellulidae) is one the smallest dragonflies in the world and listed as a second-degree endangered wild animal and plant in Korea. For the long-term conservation of such endangered species, an investigation on nation-wide genetic magnitude and nature of genetic diversity is required as a part of conservation strategy. We, thus, sequenced a portion of mitochondrial COI gene, corresponding to "DNA Barcode" region(658 bp) from 68 N. pygmaea individuals collected over six habitats in Korea. The sequence data were used to investigate genetic diversity within populations and species, geographic variation within species, phylogeographic relationship among populations, and phylogenetic relationship among haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis and uncorrected pairwise distance estimate showed overall low genetic diversity within species. Regionally, populations in southern localities such as Gangjin and Gokseong in Jeollanamdo Province showed somewhat higher genetic diversity estimates than those of remaining regions in Korean peninsula. Although geographic populations of N. pygmaea were subdivided into two groups, distance- or region-based geographic partition was not observed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.921-926
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• 2012

In order to protect the genetic resource of native horse breeds, the genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop of three native horse breeds in western China were investigated. Forty-three 600 bp mtDNA D-loop sequences were analyzed by PCR and sequencing techniques, 33 unique haplotypes with 70 polymorphic sites were detected in these horses, which account for 11.67% of 600 bp sequence analyzed, showing the abundant genetic diversity of the three native horse breeds in western China. The Neighbour-Joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree based on 247 bp of 43 D-loop sequences demonstrated the presence of seven major lineages (A to G), indicating that the three native horse breeds in western China originated from multiple maternal origins. Consistent with the front, the NJ phylogenetic tree based on 600 bp of mtDNA D-loop sequences of 43 Chinese western native horses and 81 sequences of six horse breeds from GenBank indicated that the three horse breeds had distributed into the seven major lineages (A to G). The structure of the phylogenic tree is often blurred because the variation in a short segment of the mitochondrial genome is often accompanied by high levels of recurrent mutations. Consequently, longer D-loop sequences are helpful in achieving a higher level of molecular resolution in horses.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.888-895
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• 2015

Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and subsequent sub-cloning and sequencing were used in this study to analyze the molecular phylogenetic diversity and spatial distribution of bacterial communities in different spatial locations during the cooling stage of composted swine manure. Total microbial DNA was extracted, and bacterial near full-length 16S rRNA genes were subsequently amplified, cloned, RFLP-screened, and sequenced. A total of 420 positive clones were classified by RFLP and near-full-length 16S rDNA sequences. Approximately 48 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found among 139 positive clones from the superstratum sample; 26 among 149 were from the middle-level sample and 35 among 132 were from the substrate sample. Thermobifida fusca was common in the superstratum layer of the pile. Some Bacillus spp. were remarkable in the middle-level layer, and Clostridium sp. was dominant in the substrate layer. Among 109 OTUs, 99 displayed homology with those in the GenBank database. Ten OTUs were not closely related to any known species. The superstratum sample had the highest microbial diversity, and different and distinct bacterial communities were detected in the three different layers. This study demonstrated the spatial characteristics of the microbial community distribution in the cooling stage of swine manure compost.