• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2018

Recently the water management department advised the water treatment industry to focus on deploy the chemical free and the environmentally responsible process to adopt on water treatment plants in every country. In this objective, water treatment process started using ultrasonic based phycocyanin extraction with fluorescence measurement techniques to detect the change in the yield of phycocyanin. This paper propose the design of optical filter model for fluorescence technique based immersive optical phycocyanin measurement sensor design. The proposed design uses the multi-wavelength sensor module for irradiating part, and this plays a role of removing a wavelength band other than 590 ~ 620 nm. The preliminary study on immersed phycocyanin sensor, the fluorescence value of picocyanin according to the ultrasonic intensity, treatment time and number of cells was measured using JM phycocyanin module to emulate the proposed design, and were compared performance of the proposed sensor emulation. In this design, the phycocyanin fluorescence value increased about 2.1 ~ 4.7 times as the ultrasonic treatment time increased as compared with JM phycocyanin module, and the phycocyanin fluorescence value within the analysis range was obtained by ultrasonic treatment within one minute.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 1976

In this research chromoproteins, namely phycoerythrin and phycocyanin in Korean laver are isolated and purified and their characteristics and the contents of amino acid are investigated. Three kinds of laver, Yonpyungdo product, Jindo product, and Kohung product are used in the experiments. The results are as following: 1) 0.68g of phycoerythrin and 0.72g of phycocyanin are isolated from 50g of laver. 2) when observed by microscope (1,000 times amplification), the crystals of phycocrythrin have the shape of small needles and phycocyanin that of platelets. 3) Absorption spectra of purified phycoerythrin shows strong absorption peaks at 546, 526, and $496m{\mu}$,and phycocyanin shows strong absorption peaks at 610 and $546m{\mu}$. After the phycoerythrin and phycocyanin were kept at $4^{\circ}C$ for 24 and 48 hours. The peaks of phycoerythrin are slightly shifted and those of phycocyanin are decreased. 4) In amino acid analysis, sixteen kinds of amino acids are detected in phycoerythrin and phycocyanin. Amino acids found in the greatest amounts in phycoerythrin are glutamic acid, alanine, glycine and leucine. Essential amino acids are found to exist in phycocyanin in greater amounts than in phycoerythrin.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.475-481
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• 2000

The growth of the microalgal Spiulina platensis in a batch photobioreactor had been studied to determine the influence of temperature, light intensity, and culture medium on the growth and c-phycocyanin content of the biomass. The most favorable conditions for high biomass and c-phycocyanin production were as follows: light intensity of 3500 lux, temperature of $35^{\circ}C,\;NaHCO_3\;of\;1.0{\%}$ for pH control, $0.2{\~}0.3{\%}\;Na_2CO_3$ for carbon source, and $0.2{\~}0.3{\%}\;NaCO_3$ for nitrogen source. The c-phycocyanin and chlorophyll content on most favorable condition were about $11{\%},\;1.0{\%}$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.482-488
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• 2000

The stability of c-phycocyanin and spectral property of phycobilins obtained from Spirulina platensis cultured by helical tubular photobioreactor were determined. The c-phycocyanin with maximal absorption of 622 nm and allophycocyanin with maximal absorption of 652 nm fractions were isolated from phycobilins by Sephadex G-100 gel chromatoBraphy, The yield of partially purified c-phycocyanin was about $1.5{\%}$ to dried biomass. The stability of c-phycocyanin in the range of $pH 4{\~}9$ was high but c-phvcocvanin was unstable over pH 10. The c-phycocyanin was stable at temperatures below $40^{\circ}C$, and at light intensity below 15000 lux. And metal ions were not affect the stability of c-phycocyanin.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.451-464
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• 2023

Harmful cyanobacterial monitoring is time-consuming and requires skilled professionals. Recently, Phycocyanin, the accessory pigment unique to freshwater cyanobacteria, has been proposed as an indicator for the presence of cyanobacteria, with the advantage of rapid and simple measurement. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the correlation between the harmful cyanobacterial cell density and the concentration of phycocyanin and to consider how to use the real-time water quality monitoring system for algae bloom monitoring. In the downstream of the Nakdong River, Microcystis spp. showed maximum cell density (99 %) in harmful cyanobacteria (four target genera). A strong correlation between phycocyanin(measured in the laboratory) concentrations and harmful cyanobacterial cell density was observed (r = 0.90, p < 0.001), while a weaker relationship (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) resulted between chlorophyll a concentration and harmful cyanobacterial cell density. As a result of comparing the phycocyanin concentration (measured in submersible fluorescence sensor) and harmful cyanobacterial cell density, the error range increased as the number of cyanobacteria cells increased. Before opening the estuary bank, the diurnal variations of phycocyanin concentrations did not mix by depth, and in the case of the surface layer, a pattern of increase and decrease over time was shown. This study is the result of analysis when Microcystis spp. is dominant in downstream of Nakdong River in summer, therefore the correlation between the harmful cyanobacteria density and phycocyanin concentrations should be more generalized through spatio-temporal expansion.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2010

An olive-green mutant was generated in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 by inactivation of the sll0396 gene. Whole-cell absorption spectra of the mutant revealed the missing of phycocyanin peak. An investigation of the low-temperature fluorescence emission spectra revealed that the $sll0396{\Omega}$ mutant has a reduced amount of phycocyanin. Western blot analysis showed that the mutant contained less phycocyanin ${\beta}$- and ${\alpha}$-subunits and lacked the 30- and 32-kDa linker polypeptides, and northern blot analysis revealed that the transcription of the 1.4-kb cpcBA gene encoding the phycocyanin ${\beta}$- and ${\alpha}$-subunits was lower in the mutant. The Sll0396 protein has a DNA-binding motif and shares homology with known response regulators. Our results indicate that Sll0396 plays a regulatory role in the transcription of the phycocyanin genes during phycobilisome synthesis.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1992

The characteristic of Cyanophyte genus SG63 is similar to that of Aphanot hece sp. The optimal growth was found with the concentration of NaCI and $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ on the culture medium. The most optimal condition is 56%0 of NaCl (S4 medium) and 20%0 of $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ (M2 medium). The synthesis of chlorophyll a, phycocyanin and soluble proteins is affected by the concentration of the two mineral elements in culture. Especially, the content of chlorophyll a and phycocyanin decreases on the most highly saline medium. The identified principal carotenoids are ${\beta}-carotene$, echinenone, zeaxanthin and myxoxanthophyll. The rates of concentration of protein/chlorophyll a and phycocyanin/chlorophyll a are low on the S4 medium. Inversely, these rates are the highest on the M2 medium. Accordingly, the high concentration of $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ provoke the synthesis of phycocyanin and total proteins.oteins.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.165-173
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• 2004

This paper reviews the available published literature on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and COX-2 inhibition properties of phycocyanin from Spirulina. The potential application of for the prevention and mitigation of such radical-induced chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease, and age-related degenerative diseases like Alzheimer＇s disease, Parkinson＇s disease, diabetes and other conditions are discussed based on the available evidence.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.39 no.4 s.118
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• pp.445-449
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• 2006

Phenolic compounds are manufacturing by-products commonly found in industrial wastewater. The toxicity of high level phenolic compounds in wastewater threatens not only the aquatic organisms, but also many components of the adjacent ecosystem. One of the major light harvesting pigments in cyanobacteria is phycocyanin which can be rapidly and specifically degraded by external stimuli such as nutritional depletion or environmental stress. We employed the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 as an indicator organism in estimating the pollution level by phenolic compounds. The phycocyanin content of the cyanobacterium decreased without significantly altering the total chlorophyll as the phenol concentration in a medium increased. We examined the phenol contamination level using the correlation of the phycocyanin content and the phenol concentration. Our results indicated that no significant pollution by phenolic compounds was found in several waterbodies in the vicinity of Daegu, South Korea.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2016

Remote sensing and measurement are of paramount importance of providing information on the state of water quality in water bodies. The formation and growth of cyanobacteria is of serious concern to in land aquatic life forms and human life. The main cause of water quality deterioration stems from anthropogenic induced eutrophication. The goal of this research to quantify and determine the spatial distribution of cyanobacteria concentration in the water using remote sensing technique. The standard approach to measure water quality based on the direct measurement of the fluorescence of the chlorophyll a in the living algal cells and the same approach used to detect the phycobilin pigments found in blue-green algae (a.k.a. cyanobacteria), phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. This paper propose the emerging sensor design to measure the water quality based on the optical analysis by fluorescence of the phycocyanin pigment. In this research, we developed an method to sense and quantify to derive phycocyanin intensity index for estimating cyanobacteria concentrations. The development of the index was based on the reflectance difference between visible light band 620nm and 665nm. As a result of research this paper presents, an optical biological sensor design information to measure the Phycocyanin parameters in water content.