• 생약학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.308-312
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to provide basic informations to discriminate between sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) cultivated in the Republic of Korea and Mongolia. The phenolic compounds of sea buckthorn, were measured by the HPLC analysis. Catechin, rutin, quercetin, isorhamnetin were found in methanol extracts of sea buckthorn. Total phenolic compound of Korean sea buckthorn leaves (1.852%) was about five times higher than those of Mongolian sea buckthorn berries (0.338%). As a result, the order of the total phenolic compound and Catechin content was 1) sea buckthorn leaves, 2) sea buckthorn stems, 3) sea buckthorn roots, and 4) sea buckthorn berries. Statistically no big differences in levels of phenolic compounds were consistently found in sea buckthorn cultivated in the Republic of Korea and Mongolia investigated in this work.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative potential of Korean wild leaf vegetables. Antixoidative activity of chamchwi (Aster scaber), nurucchwi (Pleurospermum kamtschaticum) sumssukbujengee (Aster glheni), moshidae (Adenophora remotiflora), spinach (Spinacia oleracea)k was evaluated as a reference for commonly used synthetic antioxidant, BHA. We compared the content of $\beta$-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E as antioxidant vitamins, and total phenolic compound including flavonoid as non-vitamin compounds in Korean wild leaf vegetables and spinach. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value of Pleurospermum kamtschaticum, Aster scaber and Adenophora remotiflor was only 18-20% of control. TBA value of Aster glheni was 40% of control. On the basis of moles, the high level of vitamin C is the major contributor to the total antioxidant vitamin contents of Pleurospermum kamschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor. The amounts of flavonoid as well as total phenolic compound in Pleurospermum kamtschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor were also much higher than those of spinach. The amounts of flavonoid as well as total phenolic compound in Aster glheni were much higher than those of spinach while total amount of antioxidant vitamins was significantly lower than that of spinach. These results suggest that Pleurospermum kamtschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor could have antioxidative potency in food. Because of the higher content of antioxidant vitamins in Pleurospermum kamtschaticum and Adenophora remotiflor, these Korean wild leaf vegetables may have preventive effects on degenerative diseases, which have been associated with free radical mediated events.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1087-1091
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• 1999

Microwave extraction system equipped with closed vessels, which is known to rapidly extract target compounds from natural products, was applied to monitor the changes in phenolic compounds, browning color intensity and electron donating ability by using response surface methodology(RSM). Maximum content of phenolic compound was 21.65mg/100ml in 67.88% of ethanol concentration, 145oC of extraction temperature, and 6.24min of extraction time. The phenolic compounds in extracts are dependent on the increase of the extraction temperature and the ethanol concentration. Browning color intensity, which was maximized in 67.21%, 147oC, and 6.02min, was proportional to the increase of the extraction temperature. Maximum value of electron donating ability was 24.50units in 54.33%, 147oC, and 6.11 min. The electron donating ability of extracts was dependent on the increase of extraction temperature and maximized in the range from 50 to 65% of ethanol concentration.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2023

Adenanthera pavonina L. is an important medicinal plant for Indonesian traditional medicine ("Jamu"). The present study is to determine the phenolic content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of leaves and bark of A. pavonina. The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent methods, and the antioxidant activity was performed by phosphomolybdate assay, through EC₅₀ values. The highest phenolic content (81.379 mg GAE/g) was found in the hydro-ethanolic extract of the leaves and (80.630 mg GAE/g) in the bark. The antioxidant activity of the two samples was 42.270 ㎍/mL (leaves) and 45.261 ㎍/mL (bark). Plants have the potential as drugs with good antioxidant potential and phenolic compound content. Further scientific studies of this plant are supported to evaluate the antioxidant activity using other methods to validate these preliminary experiments properly.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2007

The objective of this research was to evaluate the ability of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.) to influence the inhibitory activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase(XOase). The total phenol contents and sixteen phenolic compounds were investigated in water and ethanol extracts. In order to understand the factors responsible for the potent antioxidant and antihypertensive ability of mulberry, it has been evaluated for anti-oxidative activity using Fenton's reagent/ethyl linoleate system and for free radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical generating system. The total phenol contents and total of phenolic compounds in ethanol extract showed higher levels than water extract in mulberry fruit six phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, narigin, syringic acid, quercetin, naringenin, kampferol) has a higher individual phenolic compound content in the 60% ethanol extraction than 80% ethanol extract. The inhibitory activity on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were highest in 80% ethanol extract (9.0%). Also, activity of xanthine oxidase(XOase) inhibition appeared highest in 80% ethanol extracts and correlated well with the total phenolic content, which was modulated by the concentration of individual phenolic compounds. This result revealed, that strong biological activity was caused by specific phenol compound contents. Utilization of water and ethanol extracts from mulberry fruit are expected to be good candidate for development into source of free radical scavengers and anti-hypertentive activity

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to provide fundamental information on how individual phenolic compounds form on the inside of apple slices during cold storage, the changes in the content of four types of phenols, ingredient variation of individual phenolic compounds and the influence of phenolic compounds on enzymatic browning. This study measured the changes in the content of soluble solids, pH and vitamin C in order to investigate the correlations between these variables. HD and FA were the main phenolic compounds found in the apple slices, and HD was the most prevalent phenol. Furthermore, comparison of the CG and EP content revealed that there were more CGs than EPs. The phenol content tended to decrease considerably in the fresh apple slices and water-dipped apple slices but only slightly in the CP from sucrose-dipped apple slices and 0.5% ascorbic acid solution-dipped apple slices. The degree of browning increased in the following order: fresh apple slices, water-dipped apple slices, 0.5% ascorbic acid solution-dipped apple slices and CP from sucrose-dipped apple slices. The vitamin C content tended to decrease in the fresh apple slices, water-dipped apple slices, 0.5% ascorbic acid solution-dipped apple slices and CP from sucrose-dipped apple slices. The pH tended to increase in all sample groups, but the pH of the water-dipped apple slices was lower than that of the comparison group. The CP from sucrose-dipped apple slices had the lowest value of pH. The change in soluble solids tended to increase in all treatment groups, but this increase was less in the CP from sucrose-dipped apple slice. Correlation analysis revealed a high degree of correlation between browning and chlorogenic acid content. The results of the present study show that, when stored in the fridge, the change in phenol ingredient content in apple slices influences the browning of the slices. The results also showed that HD and FA were the main phenolic compounds, while CG was shown to have the greatest influence on browning.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.535-547
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• 2015

본 연구는 베리와 그 부산물들의 영양학적 가치와 더불어 이들의 식품 내 활용 가능성을 확인하고자 국내생산 베리 중 대표적 베리인 블루베리, 오디 그리고 복분자와 그들 부산물의 이화학적 특성과 페놀화합물 함량변화를 비교/분석하였다. 수분함량은 통 베리 시료가 그들 부산물의 함량보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 특히 복분자와 그 부산물의 수분함량은 차이가 가장 컸다. pH는 오디와 오디 부산물에서 각각 4.03, 5.18로 가장 높게 나타났다. 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 함량은 블루베리 부산물에서 24.81와 24.13 mg/g으로 가장 높았으며, 안토시아닌 함량은 오디 부산물에서 53.27 ug/g으로 가장 높았다. Cyanin chloride는 오디와 복분자 과일에서만 측정되었으며, epigallocatechin, gallocatechin과 isorhamnetin은 블루베리에서만 측정되었다. Catechin (hydrate)과 epicatechin의 경우에는 블루베리를 제외한 오디와 복분자의 통 과일과 부산물에서 유의적인 차이가 나타났으며, gallic acid는 오디에서, quercetin 3-D-galactoside는 블루베리에서 통 과일과 부산물간 유의적인 차이가 조사되었다. Apigenin, luteolin은 오디류에서만 측정되었으며 특히 부산물에서 그 함량이 높았다. Naringenin은 각각의 베리 부산물에서 함량이 높았으나, rutin (trihydrate)과 quercetin은 블루베리를 제외한 오디와 복분자의 통 베리에서 부산물보다 높게 검출되었다. Kaempferol 함량은 통 오디에서 15 ng/g으로 가장 높았다. 본 실험에 이용된 베리들은 성숙도 및 환경에 따라 서로 다른 결과를 나타날 수도 있겠으나, 본 연구결과는 각각의 통 베리의 유효성분을 조사한 것 뿐 아니라 그들의 부산물까지도 가축 사료 첨가제 및 식품 소재로써 활용 가능성을 나타낸 연구라 할 수 있다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2016

This study aimed to investigate changes in the diverse compound in coffee beans under different roasting conditions. Four different kinds of chemical characteristics (phenolic contents, flavonoid contents, chlorogenic acid, and caffeine) were analyzed. According to the temperature of coffee roasting, this study categorized green bean, extract A ($191^{\circ}C$), B ($202^{\circ}C$), C ($220^{\circ}C$), and D ($233^{\circ}C$). As a result, total phenol compound showed low level of total phenol compound at lower temperatures. Extract A showed significantly higher level of total flavonoid ($111.33{\pm}10.14$), green bean showed $83.67{\pm}2.43$, Extract B $46.11{\pm}2.38$, C and D showed $31.44{\pm}0.12$, $19.22{\pm}0.46$ respectively. Green bean showed higher level of chlorogenic acid ($64.47{\pm}0.51$), Extract A ($39.66{\pm}0.47$), extract B ($12.45{\pm}0.99$), C, D ($3.59{\pm}0.31$, $0.63{\pm}0.12$) respectively. This study also noted that there are significant different in terms of caffeine content. Extract A has higher level of caffeine content ($38.45{\pm}1.70$) significantly, green bean ($27.14{\pm}2.27$), extract B ($18.95{\pm}0.64$), extract C ($17.89{\pm}0.96$). As a conclusion, we revealed that roasting conditions play an important role in the composition of coffee compounds.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of a microbial fermentation procedure to improve the functional qualities of seaweeds. Aspergillus oryzae, which has been used in traditional Korean fermented foods, was inoculated and cultivated in an aqueous extract of sea tangle (Laminaria japonica). Fermentation of the sea tangle extract by A. oryzae for 4 days resulted in a 3-fold increase in $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content. GABA is known to be a bioactive compound. Fungal fermentation of the extract also enhanced its antioxidant activity and increased its total content of phenolic compounds. It was assumed that these changes stemmed from the biodegradation of active compounds of the sea tangle packaged within its rigid structural matrix or occurred as result of fungal fermentation. These results suggested that the application of microbial fermentation to the processing of seaweeds will help in the development of processed foods to meet consumer demands.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.474-479
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• 2018

포도의 안토사이아닌과 페놀 화합물의 고효율 추출을 위해 초음파 추출방법을 이용하여 반응표면분석법으로 조건을 최적화하였다. Box-Behnken design을 사용하여 시료-용매 비율, 추출시간, 초음파의 진폭을 독립변수로 하였으며, 총 안토사이아닌과 총 페놀 함량을 최대로 하는 추출조건을 최적화하였다. 총 안토사이아닌 함량은 3가지 독립변수가 유의적인 요인으로 시료-용매 비율이 증가할수록, 추출시간과 진폭은 감소할수록 총 안토사이아닌 함량이 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 총 페놀 함량은 3가지 독립변수 모두 유의적인 요인이 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 총 안토사이아닌과 총 페놀 함량의 예측 값과 실측 값이 유사하여 본 연구에서 예측된 회귀식을 신뢰할 수 있음을 보여주었다.