• 제목/요약/키워드: Phase variation

검색결과 2,043건 처리시간 0.03초

위상고정루프를 이용한 낮은 위상 잡음 특성을 갖는 발진기 설계 및 제작 (Design and Fabrication of on Oscillator with Low Phase Noise Characteristic using a Phase Locked Loop)

  • 박창현;김장구;최병하
    • 한국항해항만학회지
    • /
    • 제30권10호
    • /
    • pp.847-853
    • /
    • 2006
  • 본 논문에서는 부성저항 특성을 갖는 발진기 이론을 적용하여 직렬 궤환형 유전체 공진 발진기를 구성하고 바랙터 다이오드를 삽입하여 전압 제어 유전체 공진 발진기를 제작한 후, 샘플링 위상 비교기와 루프 필터를 결합한 PLL 방식을 도입하여 고안정 주파수 발생기인 위상고정 유전체 공진형 발진기를 설계 및 제작하였다. 설계 제작한 PLDRO는 주파수 12.05 GHz에서 13.54 dBm의 출력 전력을 얻었으며, 이때의 주파수 가변 동조 범위는 중심 주파수에서 약 ${\pm}7.6 MHz$ 이며, 전력 평탄도는 0.2 dBm으로서 매우 우수한 선형 특성 결과를 얻었다. 또한 데이터 전송시 오율특성에 상당한 영향을 미치는 위상 잡음은 반송파로부터 100 kHz 떨어진 offset 지점에서 -114.5 dBc/Hz을 얻었다. 고조파 억압 특성은 2 차 고조파에서 -41.49 dBc 이하의 특성을 나타내었다. 이러한 특성은 위상고정을 하기 전의 전압 제어 발진기보다 더욱 향상된 특성을 보였으며, 종전의 PLDRO보다 위상 잡음과 전력 평탄도면을 개선시킬 수가 있었다.

상분리 조절에 의한 PVDF막의 구조 변화 (Structural Changes of PVDF Membranes by Phase Separation Control)

  • 이세민;김성수
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
    • /
    • 제54권1호
    • /
    • pp.57-63
    • /
    • 2016
  • Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) 평막 제조를 위하여 PVDF의 용매와 희석제로서 n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)와 dibutyl-phthlate (DBP)를 각각 사용하여 열유도 상분리(thermally induced phase separation, TIPS)와 비용매유도 상분리(nonsolvent induced phase separation, NIPS)를 동시에 유도하였다. NMP와 DBP를 PVDF와 용융 혼합할 경우 TIPS 공정에서의 결정화 온도가 낮아졌고 NIPS 공정에서의 불안정 영역이 확대되었다. 용매와 희석제의 비율에 따라 상분리 메카니즘이 변화하였고 이에 따라 다양한 구조의 막이 형성됨을 확인하였다. 또한 dope 용액과 비용매의 접촉여부에 따라 지배적인 상분리 거동이 결정되었다. 열전달이 물질전달에 비하여 빠르게 이루어지므로 막의 표면은 NIPS에 의하여 지배를 받고 막의 내부는 TIPS에 의한 구조가 형성되었다. 또한 dope 용액의 급냉온도에 따라 상분리 메카니즘 및 상분리 속도가 변화하여 다양한 구조를 형성하였다.

Liquid Chromatographic Resolution of Tocainide and Its Analogues on a Doubly Tethered Chiral Stationary Phase Based on (+)-(18-Crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic Acid

  • Kim, Hee-Jin;Choi, Hee-Jung;Hyun, Myung-Ho
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • 제31권3호
    • /
    • pp.678-682
    • /
    • 2010
  • A doubly tethered chiral stationary phase (CSP) based on (+)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid were applied to the liquid chromatographic resolution of racemic tocainide, an antiarrhythmic agent, and its analogues. The chiral recognition efficiency of the doubly tethered CSP for tocainide and its analogues was generally greater than that of the corresponding singly tethered CSP especially in terms of the resolution ($R_S$). The resolution of tocainide and its analogues on the doubly tethered CSP were dependent on the content and the type of the organic and acidic modifiers in aqueous mobile phase and the column temperature. Especially, the retention behaviors of analytes on the doubly tethered CSP with the variation of the content of organic modifier in aqueous mobile phase were opposite to those on the corresponding singly tethered CSP and these opposite retention behaviors were rationalized by the lipophilicity differences of the two CSPs.

입·출력 전압 변동을 고려한 3상 인터리브드 양방향 DC-DC컨버터의 전류리플 저감 기법 (Current Ripple Reduction Method of 3-phase Interleaved Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with the Consideration of Input and Output Voltage Variation)

  • 선다운;정재헌;노의철;정규범
    • 전력전자학회논문지
    • /
    • 제21권5호
    • /
    • pp.427-433
    • /
    • 2016
  • This paper proposes a new method for the current ripple reduction of a three-phase interleaved bidirectional DC-DC converter. Usually, the three-phase interleaved bidirectional DC-DC converter is used for battery charging and discharging to reduce battery current ripple. In V2G application, a PWM AC-DC converter is used to connect the AC power grid and three-phase interleaved bidirectional DC-DC converter for battery charging and discharging. The magnitude of DC link voltage affects the battery current ripple magnitude. Therefore, the magnitude of the battery ripple current is analyzed with variations of battery and DC link voltages. The ripple current magnitude is found to be minimized by controlling the DC link voltage. Simulation and experimental results show the usefulness of the proposed method.

저압설비 플리커 특성평가를 위한 국내 저압계통 기준 임피던스 산정 연구 (A Study on the Calculation of Reference Impedances in Domestic Low-Voltage Power System)

  • 강문호;송양회;이흥호
    • 전기학회논문지
    • /
    • 제60권9호
    • /
    • pp.1651-1655
    • /
    • 2011
  • The reference impedances which is about 95% supply impedance value of residential consumers' supply impedances was published by IEC in 1980. The reference impedances are the standard values for use in determining the voltage disturbance characteristics of electrical equipment like the flicker. In IEC 60725, the reference impedances for premises having service current capacities less than 100A per phase and for service current capacities more than 100A per phase are recommended. And these reference impedances are targeted for the countries using 50Hz power frequency. Because of the frequency difference, the reactance values of the reference impedances will be increased in 60Hz power system like Korea, And also the reference impedances are different significantly each other according to declared voltage variation, power consumption and service wire length etc. Therefore It is needed to calculate the reference impedances suitable for domestic low-voltage power system. In this paper, the reference impedances for service current capacities less than 100A in 220/380V, 60Hz single-phase two wire and three-phase four wire low-voltage system are calculated, And the equations for service current capacities more than 100A to calculate the modulus value of maximum supply impedances are suggested base on IEC 60725 and the reference impedances for those are calculated on service current of 100A per phase.

기동 방법에 따른 단상 SRM의 토크 특성 해석 (The Torque Characteristics Analysis of the Single-Phase Switched Reluctance Motor According to the Starting Method)

  • 김준호;김일중
    • 조명전기설비학회논문지
    • /
    • 제26권9호
    • /
    • pp.40-46
    • /
    • 2012
  • The single-phase switched reluctance motor(SRM) has only one inductance variation and the positive torque is generated in the restricted section. So, it cannot be started by itself. To solve this problem, many researchers have addressed the several starting method for the single-phase SRM. This paper is focused on the torque characteristics of the single-phase SRM according to starting method. The four major starting method - permanent magnet, saturable stator pole, to grade the rotor, stepped rotor pole - is selected to analyze the torque characteristics. The analysis model of each starting method is designed to changed the pole shape or inserting other material in the basic model. The torque characteristics of each analysis model is obtained by using FEM analysis. The FEM analysis is performed at incremental rotor positions over half inductance cycle in any one pole with 250AT, 500AT, 750AT. The distortion factor of each analysis model is analyzed through the FFT to compare the distortion between basic model and four analysis model.

Effect of Trehalose on Biological Membranes with Respect to Phase of the Membranes

  • Park, Jin-Won
    • KSBB Journal
    • /
    • 제32권2호
    • /
    • pp.103-107
    • /
    • 2017
  • The effect of the trehalose incorporation on the biological membranes was investigated with respect to the phase of the membranes using the fluorescence intensity change. Spherical phospholipid bilayers, vesicles, were prepared only with the variation in the phase of each layer via a double emulsion technique. In the aqueous inside of the vesicles, 8-Aminonaphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid disodium salt(ANTS) was encapsulated. As a quencher, p-Xylene-bis(N-pyridinium bromide)(DPX) was included in the buffer where the vesicles were dispersed. The fluorescence scale was calibrated with the fluorescence of ANTS vesicles in p-Xylene-bis(N-pyridinium bromide)(DPX)-included-buffer taken as 100% fluorescence and the mixture of ANTS and DPX in the buffer as 0% fluorescence. Trehalose injection into the vesicle solution led the distortion of the membrane. It was found that the distortion was related to the phase of each layer the vesicle up on the ratio of trehalose to lipid. In the identical measurements at glucose, the behavior of the distortion was completely different from that of trehalose. These results seem to depend on the stability of the vesicles, due to the osmotic and volumetric effects on the headgroup packing disruption.