• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2003

Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) has been recently developed and widely used because it has the advantage of being able to measure surface deformations of engineering components and materials in industrial areas without contact. The speckle patterns formed with interference and scattering phenomena can measure not only the out-of-plane but also the in-plane deformations. Digital image equipment processes the information included in the speckle patterns and displays the consequent interferogram on a computer monitor. In this study, the experimental results of a canti-levered plate using ESPI were compared with those obtained from the simple beam theory. The ESPI results of the canti-levered plate, analyzed by 4-step phase shifting method, are close to the theoretical expectation. Similarly, out-of-plane displacements of a spot welded canti-levered plate were also measured by ESPI with 4-step phase shifting technique. The phase map of the spot welded canti-levered plate is quite different from that of the canti-levered plate without spot welding.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2005

Phase-shifting method using Fourier transform (PSM/FT) has been applied to measurement of in-plane displacement of a specimen. Thirty-two interference fringe patterns each of which has different phase of ${\pi}/16$ radian have been gathered from a specimen with in-plane displacement. Low-pass filtering by 2-D Fourier transform is used to suppress spatial noise of the fringe patterns. ${\alpha}-directional$ Fourier transform for PSM/FT is performed by use of the low-pass filtered 32 fringe patterns. Two kinds of specimens are used for experiment. One is a rectangular steel plate and the other one is a rectangular steel plate containing a circular hole at the center. In-plane displacement of each specimen is measured by PSM/FT, and calculated by finite element method (ANSYS) for comparison. The results are quite comparable, so that PSM/FT can be applied to measurement of in-plane displacement.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권2호
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• pp.1600-1602
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• 2007

TPS (Temperature Programmed Sublimation) technology is known to research for the plane evaporation of the organic film.[5] Using TPS technology, the plane source evaporation of NPB organic film has been studied for the first time. The NPB organic film consists of nano scale film phase and bulk phase on a substrate. The 400 ${\AA}$ in film phase thickness of NPB sublimates at the $175^{\circ}$ of the Ta made metal plate. It was proved that the sublimation temperature of the organic film has much lower than that of the organic powder. ($130^{\circ}$ is lower for Alq3 and $90^{\circ}$ is lower for NPB.)

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.3-3
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• 2000

Limit cycle analysis of attitude control system using gas jet thrusters is performed. Schmitt-Trigger and PD control laws are applied and solenoid valve time delay is considered. Phase plane method is used for calculation of characteristics of limit cycle. Important characteristics of resultant limit cycle such as frequency, amplitude, maximum rate, and duty ratio could be expressed analytically by proposed method.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.91-95
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• 1997

ESPI(Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry) is new optical measuring method to be able to measure the surface deformations of engineering components and materials in industrial areas. Conventional measuring method of surface deformation such as the strain gauge have many demerits because it is contact and point-to-point measuring one. But ESPI that is non-contact, whole field measuring method can overcome previous disadvantages. The speckle pattern to be formed with interference phenomena of scattering light from rough surfaces illuminated by laser light have phase information of surface In this study we used this interference phenomena and the phase shifting method to measure the in- plane deformation, together with the use of digital equipment to process the information contained in the speckle pattern and to display consequent inter ferograms. Finally we obtained good agreement between the experimenta results and those of FEM..

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.632-639
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of drive swing on multiple functional wear wearing in golf. The subjects were 6 men ($22.67{\pm}0.82$ yrs, $175.42{\pm}3.42cm$, $78.75{\pm}4.78kg$), who had career each with at least 8 yers golf experience with right-hander. For kinemetical analysis, this study used equipments with 7 motion capture cameras (300Hz) and analysis program (Nexus1.5). The total time of the club head, displacement magnitude of the COM and swing plane were compared of according to functional wear wearing and non-weraing during golf drive swing. The results of the study are as follows. The total time of the club on wearing ($2.18{\pm}0.06sec$) was faster than non-wearing ($2.52{\pm}0.15sec$). Displacement magnitude of the COM on wearing ($4.06{\pm}0.67cm$) was shorter than non-wearing ($5.79{\pm}0.72cm$). Also, swing plane was found to be significantly different of 3 phase excepted BST-DS (back swing top-down swing) phase. AD-BST (address-back swing top) phase on wearing ($13.86{\pm}3.08cm$) decrease more than non-wearing ($20.82{\pm}3.99cm$), DS-IP (down swing-impact) phase on wearing ($6.25{\pm}1.35cm$) decrease more than non-wearing ($7.18{\pm}1.52cm$) and IP-FT (impact-follow though) phase on wearing ($7.93{\pm}2.09cm$) decrease more than non-wearing($9.68{\pm}2.02cm$). The multiple functional wear wearing was contribution to come close for one-plane, a long with consistency and accuracy on golf drive swing.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.739-753
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• 2014

There have been many packages that can be employed to analyze plane frames. However, because most structural analysis packages suffer from closeness of system, it is very difficult to integrate it with an optimization package. To overcome the difficulty, we proposed a possible alternative, DAMDO, which integrate Design, Analysis, Modeling, Definition, and Optimization phases into an integrative environment. The DAMDO methodology employs neural networks to integrate structural analysis package and optimization package so as not to need directly to integrate these two packages. The key problem of the DAMDO approach is how to generate a set of reasonable random designs in the first phase. According to the characteristics of optimized plane frames, we proposed the ratio variable approach to generate them. The empirical results show that the ratio variable approach can greatly improve the accuracy of the neural networks, and the plane frame optimization problems can be solved by the DAMDO methodology.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2001

This study discusses a non-contact optical technique, electronic speckle pattern interferometry(ESPI), that is well suited for a deformation measurement of structure. Phase shifting method and unwrapping method have used to make deformation quantitative widely. In this paper, a previous numerical formula for phase shifting method is reconstructed in addition to least square fitting method to improve sensitivity and phase unwrapping based on vertical-horizontal scanning method is applied to analyze in-plane and out-of-plane deformation quantitatively.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.895-900
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• 2005

We derive a linear matrix inequality(LMI) condition guaranteeing that any invariant zeros of a triple (A, B, C) lie in the open left half plane of the complex plane, i.e. $C(sI-A)^{-1}B$ is minimum phase. The LMI condition is equivalent to a certain constrained Lyapunov matrix equation which can be found in many results relating to stability analysis or control design. We show that the LMI condition can be used to simplify various control engineering problems such as a dynamic output feedback control problem, a variable structure static output feedback control problem, and a nonlinear system observer design problem. Finally, we give some numerical examples.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activities in the frontal plane and scapular plane of the middle fiber and lower fiber of the trapezius muscle at different shoulder abduction angles. Methods: Twenty male and female students in their 20s participated in this study. Each subject maintained shoulder abduction at $75^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $125^{\circ}$, and $160^{\circ}$ in a standing position and repeated motions three times each in the frontal plane and the scapular plane. While maintaining the motions for 10 seconds in each posture, surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure muscle activity of the middle fiber and lower fiber of the trapezius muscle. The collected EMG data were normalized using maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Differences in muscle activity of the middle fiber and lower fiber of the trapezius muscles according to the angles at each plane were statistically processed using repeated measured analysis of variance, and an independent t-test was used to examine the differences between the two planes at each angle. Results: Muscle activity of the middle and lower trapezius during shoulder abduction in the frontal plane and scapular plane significantly increased as the angles increased (p<.05). However, muscle activity of the middle trapezius was significantly lower in the scapular plane than in the frontal plane for all shoulder abduction angles (p<.05). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that during shoulder abduction, angles should be different according to the goals, and for training during an acute phase or early phase for functional recovery, it is more efficient to perform the training in the scapular plane than in the frontal plane.