• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.64-67
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• 2005

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is a common disease in the field of otorhinolaryngology and is characterized by repeated upper airway occlusions occurring during sleep. OSAS can occur due to various etiologies of the nasal, oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal airway in adults. Nasal obstruction can be caused by septal deviation, nasal polyps, concha bullosa, choanal atresia, neoplasms, foreign body, postoperative/post-traumatic synechiae, various rhinitis and so on. There are various kinds of surgical treatment of OSAS including nasal surgery, LAUP, UPPP, surgery of tongue base, tracheostomy and so on, but the effect of nasal surgery on snoring and OSAS is controversial. The authors report the case of a patient who had experienced nasal obstruction, moderate snoring and OSAS and who improved after septoplasty and turbinoplasty.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1993.05a
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• pp.100-100
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• 1993

Palatopharyngoplasty has been widely performed for the treatment of chronic snoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Lack of literature for long term effectiveness and complications of palatopharyngoplasty made us to report our result with minimum follow up of 5 years, compare to preop and postop 8 weeks deta. We evaluated subjective symptom and objectively documented polysomnographic improvement of 25 among 37 patients undergoing palatopharyngoplasty from 1987 to 1985. The remaining 12 patients were lost to follow up (1) snoring was abolized in 10 patients(40%) of these 25 patients and with vary degree(Grade 1-3), reduced in remainders except 3 patients (2) Sleep apnea seen preoperatively in 15 patient (AI > 20) was reduced to Grade 0 or Grade 1 in 13 patients. And marked change in AI & body weight was not seen at 5 year after operation. (3) 3 cases of mild velopharyngeal insufficiency, 1 case of asymmetry of soft palate 5 cases of pharyngeal dryness, were observed in this retrospective study and there was no nasopharyngeal stenosis loss of taste respiratory and cardiovascular complications.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1978.06a
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• pp.6.1-6
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• 1978

Dsysphagia or difficulty in swallowing is a symptom wich indicates the presence of disease or dysfunction. Because the cause & the original site are variable, it is significant to study the clinicostatistical analysis on 133 cases with complant of dysphagia during the last one year in the department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University. The results are as follows; 1) Among the total O.P.D. patients (6313 cases), patients complaining the dysphagia are 2.1%. 2) Male to female sex ratio is 1. 3 to 1, slightly predominent in male and average are 35.7 years. 3) The duration of chief complaint is about 251 days in average, but excluding the 8 cases with more than year of symptom, it is about 40 days. In detailed analysis of the duration; 67 cases (50.4%) occurred within 1 weak: 24 cases (18.0%), 1 week to 1 month: 34 cases (25.6%), 1 month to 1 year: 8 cases (6.0%), more than 1 year. 4) As to the site of origin, the oropharyngolaryngeal origin 106 cases (76.7%) are 4 times as many as the esophageal origin 27 cases (20.3%). 5) As to the etiological classification: inflammation 67 cases (50.4%), tumor 28 cases (21.0%), corrosive agent 14 cases (10.5%), foreign body 11 cases (8.3%) in order. 6) As to the disease entity: pharyngitis and tonsillitis 42 cases (31.6%), stomatitis 14 cases (10.5%), corrosive esophagitis 14 cases (10.5%), laryngeal tumor 12 cases (9.0%), peritonsillar abscess 9 cases (6.8%), esophageal foreign body 7 cases (5.2%), tongue tumor 7 cases (5.2%), tonsillar tumor 6 cases (4.5%), (pharyngeal foreign body 4 cases (3.0%)in order.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7394-7402
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of studies on swallowing rehabilitation interventions for stroke patients that had been conducted in the past 5 years (2010-2014) in Korea and to examine their findings. A literature search was conducted through RISS, National Assembly Library, and KISS, and 12 papers were analyzed. Four articles were from nursing science, and 8 from other disciplines. Qualitative evaluation of the articles was conducted by using an evaluation framework that was designed by the researcher, which took into account the checklist presented by the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (2013). In the results of the qualitative evaluation on the papers, 4 studies scored 7 out of 10 points, 6 studies scored between 5 and 6 points, and 2 studies scored 4 points. Intervention sessions were conducted for 25 minutes, on average, each at a frequency of 4.1 sessions per week, for a total of 33.7 sessions. This study found that direct swallowing training and comprehensive intervention of respiratory and oral, including pharyngeal were effective in relieving difficulties in swallowing. In the future, such findings are expected to be used in nursing interventions for establishment of the basis for evidence-based nursing practice.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.432-435
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• 2007

Purpose: The jejunal free flap has the shorter ischemic time than other flap and requires a laparotomy to harvest it. As the evaluation of the perfusion the buried flap is very important, the perfusion of the buried jejunal free flap requires monitoring for its salvage. We tried to improve the monitoring flap method in the jejunal free flap and examined its usefulness. Methods: From March 2002 to March 2006, the monitoring flap method was applied to 4 cases in 8 jejunal free flaps for the pharyngeal and cervical esophageal reconstructions. The distal part of the jejunal flap was exposed without suture fixation through cervical wound for monitoring its perfusion. The status of perfusion was judged by the color change of jejunal mucosa and mesentery. If necessary, pin prick test was performed. Doppler sonography was applied to mesenteric pedicle of the monitoring flap in case of suspicious abnormal circulation. Results: The monitoring flap shows no change in 3 cases, but the congestion happened in one case at the 12 hours after the operation. This congestion was caused by the twisting or kinking of the mesenteric pedicle of the monitoring flap. So, we fixed up the monitoring flap close to adjacent cervical skin for prevention of rotation. Finally, the main part of transferred jejunal flap was intact. Conclusion: The success of a jejunal free flap depends on close postoperative monitoring and early detection of vascular compromise. So, various monitoring methods have been tried, for instance, direct visualization using a fiberoptic pharyngoscope, through a Silastic window placed in the neck flap, or external surface monitoring with an Doppler sonography, use of a buried monitoring probe. But, all of the above have their own shortcomings of simplicity, non-invasiveness, reliability and etc. In our experience, monitoring flap can be a accurate and reliable method.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2016

Purpose: To compare the dose distribution between carotid sparing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and opposed lateral field technique (LAFT), and to determine the effects of carotid sparing IMRT in early glottic cancer patients who have risk factors for atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: Ten early glottic cancer patients were treated with carotid sparing IMRT. For each patient, the conventional LAFT plan was developed for comparison. IMRT and LAFT plans were compared in terms of planning target volume (PTV) coverage, conformity index, homogeneity index, and the doses to planning organ at risk volume (PRV) for carotid arteries, spinal cord and pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Results: Recurrence was not observed in any patients during the follow-up period. $V_{95%}$ for PTV showed no significant difference between IMRT and LAFT plans, while $V_{100%}$ was significantly higher in the IMRT plan (95.5% vs. 94.6%, p = 0.005). The homogeneity index (11.6%) and conformity index (1.4) in the IMRT plan were significantly better than those in the LAFT plans (8.5% and 5.1, respectively) (p = 0.005). The median $V_{5Gy}$ (90.0%), $V_{25Gy}$ (13.5%), and $V_{50Gy}$ (0%) for carotid artery PRV in the IMRT plan were significantly lower than those in the LAFT plan (99.1%, 89.0%, and 77.3%, respectively) (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Our study suggests that carotid sparing IMRT can significantly decrease the dose to carotid arteries compared to LAFT, and it would be considered for early glottic cancer patient with high risk of atherosclerosis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 2000

Objective :The transoral approach allows direct view of the ventral craniovertebral junction and provides useful management of the various lesions of this area. We present a step by step guide to the performance of the transoral excision of the odontoid process in the cadaveric model. Methods : Ten cadaver heads were used in fixed or unfixed state. We describe the relevant surgical anatomy in the cadaveric dissection and surgical technique of transoral transpharyngeal odontoidectomy. Results : The surgical procedure of transoral odontoidectomy was categorized by six steps；soft palate, posterior pharyngeal wall, muscular structures, osseous structures, odontoid process and ligaments, cruciate ligament and dura. Conclusion : With anatomical knowledge of these regions neurosurgeons can deal with wide variety of lesions in the ventral craniovertebral junction.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1989

A clinical study was made on 71cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia from March, 86 to February, 89. The results were as follows; 1. Among the 315 cases of pneumonia, the incidence of mycoplasmal infection was 22.5%. 2. The peak incidence of age was between 5 to 9years of age(53.5%). 3. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.3:1. 4. Monthly distribution showed relatively high frequency from October to January(59.2%). 5. Most common clinical symptoms were cough(98.6%)and then followed by fever(49.3%), coryza(19.7%). Rales were the most common finding(95.7%) and followed by pharyngeal injection (49.3%) and wheezing(18.3 %). 6. The leukocyte counts in peripheral blood were most common in the range of 5000-10000/$mm^3$(47.9%) and the ESR was increased in 57.7%, and positive CRP cases were 87.3%. 7. The most common radiologic finding of pulmonary infiltration was interstitial infiltration(45.1) and then followed by disseminated lobular(39.4%) and lobar pneumonia(15.5%). 8. There are a few cases associated disease or complication: otitis media (5.6%), hepatitis(4.2%) acute glomerulonephritis. bronchial asthma and sinusitis(2.8%), thrombocytopenia(1.4%).

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.69-83
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• 2022

Objective : This study aimed to confirm the possibility of the clinical application of oral motor facilitation technique (OMFT) protocol and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in patients with Wallenberg syndrome. Methods : One patient with Wallenberg syndrome was treated with OMFT and NMES applied 40 times each, 5 days a week, twice a day for 4 weeks. The Comprehensive Oral-Facial Function Scale (COFFS), Korean-Mann Swallowing Ability Assessment (K-MASA), and Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) were used to compare the changes before and after the intervention. Data analysis was used to compare the score changes before and after the intervention. Results : Orofacial function and swallowing ability improved after the intervention in the individual who participated in this study. Among oral motor functions, relatively greater functional improvement was observed in tongue movement compared to other functions, which was evaluated to the extent that pharyngeal swallowing was possible. Conclusions : Early swallowing rehabilitation using systematic OMFT and NMES of exercise intensity confirmed the possibility of improving oral motor function and dysphagia. In the future, complementary studies on the effects of interventions applying the OMFT and NMES will be needed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.9-19
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• 2022

In this study, a systematic review was conducted to analyze the method of applying sEMG to evaluate the swallowing function of the elderly at each stage of swallowing, and to help objectively measure the swallowing stage of the older adults in clinical practice. From 2011 to 2021, 7 studies that met the selection criteria were selected using Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS). As a result of this study, the older adults and adults were divided into an experimental group and a control group and the swallowing phase was analyzed using sEMG only for the older adults. sEMG was used to evaluate swallowing in the oral and pharyngeal stages, and the sEMG attachment site was attached to the swallowing muscle involved in each stage. The collected sEMG data were filtered using a bandpass-filter and a notch-filter, and were analyzed using RMS, amplitude, and maximum spontaneous contraction. In this study, it was found that sEMG can be used as a tool to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the swallowing function in stages. Therefore, it is expected that this study will activate various studies that incorporate sEMG to evaluate the swallowing function in stages.