• 제목/요약/키워드: Pharmacy Faculty

검색결과 763건 처리시간 0.025초

Evaluation of the Effect of Pentoxifylline on Cisplatin-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats

  • Fallahzadeh, Ali Reza;Rezaei, Zohreh;Rahimi, Hamid Reza;Barmak, Mehrazd Jafari;Sadeghi, Hossein;Mehrabi, Sadrollah;Rabani, Seyed Mohammadreza;Kashani, Iraj Ragerdi;Barati, Vahid;Mahmoudi, Reza
    • Toxicological Research
    • /
    • 제33권3호
    • /
    • pp.255-263
    • /
    • 2017
  • Chemotherapy is associated with male infertility. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (II) (CDDP) as a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers has been reported to most likely induce testicular toxicity. Administration of antioxidants, such as pentoxifylline (PTX) may reduce some Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) of CDDP. Therefore, this study investigated the potentially protective effects of PTX on CDDP-induced testicular toxicity in adult male rats. For this purpose, 42 male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups. The rats were orally pretreated with PTX at the 3 doses of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg once a day for 14 successive days. On the $14^{th}$ day of the study, they were intraperitoneally (IP) administered with a single dose of CDDP (7 mg/kg). Finally, the sperm/testis parameters, serum levels of reproductive hormones, including testosterone, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) as the pivotal endocrine factors controlling testicular functions, and histopathological changes of testis tissue were examined. Pretreatment with the two doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg PTX indicated significant increases in the sperm count and motility induced by CDDP administration. The right and significantly left testis weights were decreased following the treatment with 300 mg/kg of PTX plus CDDP. However, 75 mg/kg of PTX plus CDDP showed the best near-to-normal histopathological features. The results demonstrated that PTX alone enhanced some parameters, such as the sperm count, while reducing other parameters, including sperm fast motility and germ layer thickness. Furthermore, despite testosterone or LH levels, the mean serum FSH level was significantly augmented by the doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg. It was concluded that PTX administration cannot reduce CDDP-induced testicular toxicity even at high doses (e.g., 300 mg/kg), while it seemed to partially intensify CDDP toxicity effects at a dose of 75 mg/kg. Thus, further research is required in this regard.

PMA에 의해 유도된 Egr-1, $NF{-\kappa}B$ 및 COX-2의 활성에 미치는 지금초 추출물의 영향 (Euphorbiae Humifusae Inhibits Egr-1, $NF{-\kappa}B$ and COX-2 Activity Stimulated by Phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate)

  • 김태환;김성윤;박상은;김원일;박동일;김기영;김남득;홍상훈;최영현
    • 동의생리병리학회지
    • /
    • 제22권2호
    • /
    • pp.415-421
    • /
    • 2008
  • Pro-inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandin $E_2$ (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), and cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2), play pivotal roles in normal as well as transformed cells. Previous studies have shown that Euphorbiae humifusae Wind exhibits anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities. However, the it's anti-inflammatory properties are unclear. In this study, we examine the effects of water extract of E. humifusae (WEEH) on the expression of COX-2 and the production of $PGE_2$ in human lymphatic U937 cells. Treatment of phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) significantly induced COX-2 expression and $PGE_2$ production in U937 cells. However, pretreatment WEEH markedly inhibited the PMA-induced COX-2 expression and $PGE_2$ production in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, WEEH prevented the elevated early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) expression and nuclear factor-kappaB ($NF{-\kappa}B\; p65$) nuclear translocation stimulated by PMA treatment. Taken together, the present data indicate that WEEH exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes through the $NF{-\kappa}B$ and Egr-1 signaling pathway.

식품 중 프로필렌글리콜의 분석법 개발 (Development of Analytical Method for Propylene Glycol in Foods)

  • 김희연;홍기형;최장덕;박성관;정시섭;최우정;이신호;문동철
    • 한국식품과학회지
    • /
    • 제37권6호
    • /
    • pp.889-892
    • /
    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 프로필렌글리콜을 분석하기 위한 시료 전처리방법 및 GC조건을 확립한 후, 이 방법을 토대로 다양한 시료들을 분석하여, 분석법의 적용가능 여부를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전처리방법, 컬럼 및 GC조건을 달리하여 실험하였고, HP-5 capillary column을 사용하여 프로필렌글리콜 표준용액을 3회 반복하여 GC/FID로 분석한 결과, 표준편차는 0.30, 상대표준편차는 0.42%를 나타냈으며 검량선을 통해 상관계수$(R^2)$가 0.9996임을 확인하였다. 또한 밀가루 반죽에 표준시료를 첨가 후 회수율을 측정한 결과, 101.60%의 회수율을 보였다. 이상의 조건으로 117개 식품에 대한 프로필렌글리콜 함량을 조사한 결과, 대부분의 시료에서 프로필렌글리콜이 검출되었다. 프로필렌글리콜의 경우 물, 알코올과 잘 혼화되고 독성이 약하며 식품첨가물로 사용할 경우 유화안정제, 보습제, 습윤제, 향료 등의 역할을 하여 견과류가공품, 아이스크림류, 주류, 유제품 등에 다양하게 쓰이고 있기 때문에, 대부분의 시료에서 프로필렌글리콜이 검출되는 것으로 생각되며, 앞으로도 식품에 프로필렌글리콜을 첨가물로서 사용하는 추세가 계속 지속될 것이라고 판단된다.

Mutations in the gyrB, parC, and parE Genes of Quinolone-Resistant Isolates and Mutants of Edwardsiella tarda

  • Kim, Myoung-Sug;Jun, Lyu-Jin;Shin, Soon-Bum;Park, Myoung-Ae;Jung, Sung-Hee;Kim, Kwang-Il;Moon, Kyung-Ho;Jeong, Hyun-Do
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제20권12호
    • /
    • pp.1735-1743
    • /
    • 2010
  • The full-length genes gyrB (2,415 bp), parC (2,277 bp), and parE (1,896 bp) in Edwardsiella tarda were cloned by PCR with degenerate primers based on the sequence of the respective quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR), followed by elongation of 5' and 3' ends using cassette ligation-mediated PCR (CLMP). Analysis of the cloned genes revealed open reading frames (ORFs) encoding proteins of 804 (GyrB), 758 (ParC), and 631 (ParE) amino acids with conserved gyrase/topoisomerase features and motifs important for enzymatic function. The ORFs were preceded by putative promoters, ribosome binding sites, and inverted repeats with the potential to form cruciform structures for binding of DNA-binding proteins. When comparing the deduced amino acid sequences of E. tarda GyrB, ParC, and ParE with those of the corresponding proteins in other bacteria, they were found to be most closely related to Escherichia coli GyrB (87.6% identity), Klebsiella pneumoniae ParC (78.8% identity), and Salmonella Typhimurium ParE (89.5% identity), respectively. The two topoisomerase genes, parC and parE, were found to be contiguous on the E. tarda chromosome. All 18 quinolone-resistant isolates obtained from Korea thus far did not contain subunit alternations apart from a substitution in GyrA (Ser83$\rightarrow$Arg). However, an alteration in the QRDR of ParC (Ser84$\rightarrow$Ile) following an amino acid substitution in GyrA (Asp87$\rightarrow$Gly) was detected in E. tarda mutants selected in vitro at $8{\mu}g/ml$ ciprofloxacin (CIP). A mutant with a GyrB (Ser464$\rightarrow$Leu) and GyrA (Asp87$\rightarrow$Gly) substitution did not show a significant increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CIP. None of the in vitro mutants exhibited mutations in parE. Thus, gyrA and parC should be considered to be the primary and secondary targets, respectively, of quinolones in E. tarda.

체외에서 ESI-MS/MS 탐지에 연결된 HPLC에 의한 Entacapon의 수량화: 생물학적 동등성 연구에 적용 (Quantification of Entacapone in Human Plasma by HPLC Coupled to ESI-MS/MS Detection: Application to Bioequavalence Study)

  • Balasekhara Reddy., Ch.;Baburao., Ch.;Chandrasekhar., K.B.;Kanchanamala., K.;RihanaParveen., S.K.;Ravikumar., Konda
    • 대한화학회지
    • /
    • 제54권5호
    • /
    • pp.523-532
    • /
    • 2010
  • 제안된 방법은 국제표준(IS)인 Entacapone-d10(EAD10)을 사용하여 체외에서 Entacapon(EA)의 정량화를 위한 간단하고, 감도가 좋고, 명확한 액체 크로마토그래피-직렬 질량 분석법(LC-ESI-MS/MS)이다. 크로마토그래피 분리는 Zorbax SB-C18에서 수행되었고, $2.1{\times}50\;mm$, $5\;{\mu}m$ 컬럼과 10 mM Ammonium formate (pH 3.0)로 구성된 이동상에서 수행되었다: 0.7 mL/min 유속의 아세토나이트릴(60:40 v/v)은 액체-액체 추출을 따른다. EA와 EAD10은 다중 반응 탐색법(MRM)에서 수소부가물을 가지고 상대적으로 포지티브 모드인 m/z $306.1{\rightarrow}233.1$$316.3{\rightarrow}233.0$에서 수소부과물을 가지고 측정되었다. 그 방법은 상관계수($r^2$) 0.993 이상을 갖는 1.00 - 2000.00 ng/mL의 선형 농도 범위 이상으로 입증되었다. 하루 중과 하루 이내에 3.60에서 7.30과 4.20에서 5.50% 이내의 정밀성과 97.30에서 104.20과 98.30에서 105.80% 이내의 정확도는 EA를 위해 입증되었다. 이러한 방법은 건강한 인도인 자원자들의 생물학적 동등성 연구에서 성공적으로 적용되었다.

In vitro wear behavior between enamel cusp and three aesthetic restorative materials: Zirconia, porcelain, and composite resin

  • Jang, Yong-Seok;Nguyen, Thuy-Duong Thi;Ko, Young-Han;Lee, Dae-Woo;Baik, Byeong Ju;Lee, Min-Ho;Bae, Tae-Sung
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
    • /
    • 제11권1호
    • /
    • pp.7-15
    • /
    • 2019
  • PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of three aesthetic restorative materials on the wear between tooth and restoration by a pin-on-disk manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Six aesthetic restorative materials were used to prepare disk specimens for wear test, which were Lava Zirconia as zirconia group, Vintage MP and Cerabien ZR as veneering porcelain group, Gradia Direct microhybrid composite containing prepolymerized fillers, Filtek Z250 microhybrid composite containing zirconia glass and colloidal silica particles, and Filtek Z350 nanocomposite as composite resin group. Vertical loss of the worn cusp, change of the surface roughness of the restoration materials, and the surface topography were investigated after wear test under 9.8-N contact load. RESULTS. The porcelain groups (Vintage MP and Cerabien ZR) caused the largest vertical loss of teeth when compared with those of the composite resin and zirconia groups, and Filtek Z250 microhybrid composite results in the second-largest vertical loss of teeth. The surface of Filtek Z350 nanocomposite was deeply worn out, but visible wear on the surface of the zirconia and Gradia Direct microhybrid composite was not observed. When the zirconia surface was roughened by sand-blasting, vertical loss of teeth considerably increased when compared with that in the case of fine polished zirconia. CONCLUSION. It was identified that microhybrid composite resin containing a prepolymerized filler and zirconia with reduced surface roughness by polishing were the most desirable restorative materials among the tested materials to prevent the two-body wear between aesthetic restorative material and tooth.

Upregulation of Carbonyl Reductase 1 by Nrf2 as a Potential Therapeutic Intervention for Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury during Liver Transplantation

  • Kwon, Jae Hyun;Lee, Jooyoung;Kim, Jiye;Kirchner, Varvara A.;Jo, Yong Hwa;Miura, Takeshi;Kim, Nayoung;Song, Gi-Won;Hwang, Shin;Lee, Sung-Gyu;Yoon, Young-In;Tak, Eunyoung
    • Molecules and Cells
    • /
    • 제42권9호
    • /
    • pp.672-685
    • /
    • 2019
  • Currently, liver transplantation is the only available remedy for patients with end-stage liver disease. Conservation of transplanted liver graft is the most important issue as it directly related to patient survival. Carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) protects cells against oxidative stress and cell death by inactivating cellular membrane-derived lipid aldehydes. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury during living-donor liver transplantation is known to form reactive oxygen species. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate whether CBR1 transcription might be increased during liver I/R injury and whether such increase might protect liver against I/R injury. Our results revealed that transcription factor Nrf2 could induce CBR1 transcription in liver of mice during I/R. Pre-treatment with sulforaphane, an activator of Nrf2, increased CBR1 expression, decreased liver enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase, and reduced I/R-related pathological changes. Using oxygen-glucose deprivation and recovery model of human normal liver cell line, it was found that oxidative stress markers and lipid peroxidation products were significantly lowered in cells overexpressing CBR1. Conversely, CBR1 knockdown cells expressed elevated levels of oxidative stress proteins compared to the parental cell line. We also observed that Nrf2 and CBR1 were overexpressed during liver transplantation in clinical samples. These results suggest that CBR1 expression during liver I/R injury is regulated by transcription factor Nrf2. In addition, CBR1 can reduce free radicals and prevent lipid peroxidation. Taken together, CBR1 induction might be a therapeutic strategy for relieving liver I/R injury during liver transplantation.

Assessment of In vitro Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Cytotoxic Activities of Sphaeranthus africanus Extracts

  • Tran Thi Huyen;Julien Dujardin;Nguyen Thi Thu Huong;Chung Thi My Duyen;Nguyen Hoang Minh;Ha Quang Thanh;Dao Tran Mong;Ly Hai Trieu;Nguyen Mai Truc Tien;Mai Thanh Chung;Nguyen Nhat Minh;Nguyen Thi Ngoc Dan;Huynh Loi
    • Natural Product Sciences
    • /
    • 제29권2호
    • /
    • pp.98-103
    • /
    • 2023
  • Sphaeranthus africanus is commonly used as a traditional remedy for sore throats and pain treatment in Vietnam. The aerial parts have been studied for its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. However, the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of the plant has not been explored. In this work, hydrophilic extracts of the plant's aerial parts were prepared in order to investigate its antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. Also, the cytotoxicity of the root was evaluated and compared to that of the aerial parts. All of the extracts inhibited lipid peroxidation with IC50 values ranging from 2.05 to 3.56 ㎍/mL, indicating substantial antioxidant activity. At an IC50 value of 4.80 ㎍/mL, the 50% ethanol extract exhibited the most potent inhibition of α-glucosidase. The cytotoxic activity of root extracts is 2 to 5-fold less than that of the aerial parts. Nevertheless, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of the root demonstrated a selective effect on leukemia cells, with no harm towards the normal HEK-293 cell line. This work provides a scientific support for the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of the plant. Hence, it may find a promising material for the development of novel antioxidant and antidiabetic agents. More research can be conducted on the phytochemistry and anticancer activities of the plant's root.

Leptin 결핍 ob/ob 마우스에서 소맥엽 추출물의 혈당 강하 및 혈중 콜레스테롤에 미치는 효과 (Administration of Triticum aestivum Sprout Water Extracts Reduce the Level of Blood Glucose and Cholesterol in Leptin Deficient ob/ob Mice)

  • 이선희;임성원;응웬반민;허정무;송봉준;이영미;이회선;김대기
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
    • /
    • 제40권3호
    • /
    • pp.401-408
    • /
    • 2011
  • 본 연구에서는 소맥엽 물추출물을 제2형 당뇨동물모델 ob/ob 마우스에게 6주간 경구투여 하여 혈중 포도당 및 혈중 지질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. TAWE를 투여한 결과, lean 마우스 대조군 및 실험군들의 혈중 포도당 농도와 체중은 유의적인 변화가 없었다. 반면, ob/ob 마우스에서 대조군은 실험기간 내내 혈중 포도당 농도 및 체중이 높은 증가율을 보였으나, TAWE를 투여한 ob/ob 마우스에서는 혈중 포도당 및 체중 증가가 TAWE 투여용량 의존적으로 감소되었으며, 특히 TAWE-100 투여군에서 대조군에 비하여 체중 약 11.9%, 혈중 포도당 약 78.4% 감소되는 효과를 보였다. 또한 TAWE 투여가 실험동물의 장기무게에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 비장, 신장, 심장 및 폐의 무게를 측정한 결과, lean 마우스 및 ob/ob 마우스 실험군 사이에 각각의 장기에 대한 유의적인 무게 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 혈중 인슐린 농도는 lean 마우스 대조군 및 실험군의 평균 농도(3.93 ng/mL)에 비하여 ob/ob 마우스 대조군(15.60 ng/mL), TAWE-100 투여군(20.19 ng/mL) 및 TAWE-25 투여군(19.66 ng/mL)에서 모두 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였지만 ob/ob 마우스 TAWE-100 투여군에서는 보다 증가된 인슐린 수치를 확인하였으며, 면역조직화학염색 시험법에서도 췌장 $\beta$세포의 인슐린 발현정도가 TAWE-100 투여군에서 가장 높게 나타났다. TAWE는 lean 마우스의 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방 및 HDL에 유의적인 영향을 미치지 않았지만, ob/ob 마우스 TAWE-100 투여군에서 대조군에 비해 총콜레스테롤 24.35%, 중성지방 23.97%가 감소하였고, HDL은 29.80% 증가하였다. 포도당 내당능에 대한 평가를 위해 당부하 검사를 실시한 결과 ob/ob 마우스 TAWE-100 투여군에서 60분부터 당부하가 유의적으로 개선되는 효과를 보였다. 결과적으로, TAWE의 인슐린 저항성 제2형 당뇨병 동물모델 ob/ob 마우스에 6주간의 장기투여는 혈당 및 혈중 지질대사를 개선할 수 있음을 의미하며, 임상학적 당뇨 증상완화 및 당뇨 합병증 예방 및 치료제로 음용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

식품 중 아스파탐과 수크랄로스의 섭취량에 관한 연구 (A Study on Intake of Aspartame and Sucralose in Food)

  • 김희연;윤혜정;홍기형;최장덕;박성관;최우정;장영미;이달수;하상철;송옥자;문동철;신일식
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
    • /
    • 제35권6호
    • /
    • pp.690-697
    • /
    • 2006
  • 시중에서 유통되고 있는 제품 중 아스파탐 및 수크랄로스가 사용 가능한 대상 식품인 빵 또는 떡류, 김치류, 음료류, 어육가공품, 건과류, 아이스크림류, 잼류 및 발효유류 등 46종 755품목을 대상으로 인공감미료 2종에 대한 사용실태를 파악하고 식이를 통해 실제 섭취되는 인공감미료의 총 섭취량을 조사하여 FAO/WHO에서 ADI와 비교 검토함으로서 인공감미료의 실제 섭취량과 ADI간 안전수준평가 및 사용기준 개정시 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 따라서 분석된 결과를 기초로 식품유형별, 연령대별, 성별 및 인공감미료별 사용실태를 파악하고 국민영양조사자료에 근거하여 대상식품의 유형과 연령에 따른 인공감미료별 1인 1일당 추정섭취량을 산출하였으며 FAO/WHO에서 설정한 ADI와 비교 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 총 검사건수 755건 중 33건의 인공감미료가 검출되어 4.4%의 검출율을 나타내었으며 인공감미료별 검출건수와 검출율은 각각 아스파탐 33건(4.4%) 및 수크랄로스 5건(0.7%)으로 나타났다. 또한, 대상 식품별 일일추정섭취량을 산출한 결과 아스파탐과 수크랄로스 모두 캔디에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연령별 총 일일추정섭취량$({\Sigma}EDI)$$1.81{\sim}10.15\;mg/person/day$의 범위로 $7{\sim}12$세에서 인공감미료 섭취가 가장 많았으며 65세 이상에서 가장 낮았다. 또한 각 인공감미료를 연령대별로 보면 아스파탐은 $13{\sim}19$세, 수크랄로스는 $7{\sim}12$세에서 가장 섭취량이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 성별 총 일일추정섭취량$({\Sigma}EDI)$은 남성은 5.09 mg/person/day, 여성은 4.88 mg/person/day으로 나타났다. 국민영양조사표 등의 식품별 1인 1일당 섭취량과 인공감미료별 평균 검출농도로부터 일일추정섭취량$({\Sigma}EDI)$은 아스파탐 3.75 mg/person/day, 수크랄로스 1.27 mg/person/day로 각 인공감미료의 ADI를 국민평균체중 55 kg으로 환산한 $825{\sim}2,200\;mg/person/day$와 비교하였을 때 매우 낮은 수치를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과, 각 인공감미료의 총 일일추정섭취량은 ADI 대비 0.2% 수준이었고 사용가능 대상 식품의 이론적 최대섭취량(TMDI)의 $1.0{\sim}21.4%$의 수준으로 사용대상식품을 통한 인공감미료의 섭취는 안전하다고 판단된다.