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Euphorbiae Humifusae Inhibits Egr-1, $NF{-\kappa}B$ and COX-2 Activity Stimulated by Phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate  

Kim, Tae-Hwan (Departments of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Jin, Cheng-Yun (Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Department of Biomaterial Control, Dongeui University Graduate School)
Park, Sang-Eun (Departments of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Kim, Won-Il (Departments of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Park, Dong-Il (Departments of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Kim, Gi-Young (Faculty of Applied Marine Science, Cheju National University)
Kim, Nam-Deuk (Division of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University)
Hong, Sang-Hoon (Departments of Internal Medicine, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine)
Choi, Yung-Hyun (Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine, Department of Biomaterial Control, Dongeui University Graduate School)
Publication Information
Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine / v.22, no.2, 2008 , pp. 415-421 More about this Journal
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandin $E_2$ (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO), and cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2), play pivotal roles in normal as well as transformed cells. Previous studies have shown that Euphorbiae humifusae Wind exhibits anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities. However, the it's anti-inflammatory properties are unclear. In this study, we examine the effects of water extract of E. humifusae (WEEH) on the expression of COX-2 and the production of $PGE_2$ in human lymphatic U937 cells. Treatment of phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) significantly induced COX-2 expression and $PGE_2$ production in U937 cells. However, pretreatment WEEH markedly inhibited the PMA-induced COX-2 expression and $PGE_2$ production in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, WEEH prevented the elevated early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) expression and nuclear factor-kappaB ($NF{-\kappa}B\; p65$) nuclear translocation stimulated by PMA treatment. Taken together, the present data indicate that WEEH exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes through the $NF{-\kappa}B$ and Egr-1 signaling pathway.
Keywords
Euphorbiae humifusae; cyclooxygenases-2; prostaglandin E2;
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