• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1059-1074
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to provide a practical guide for planning the private and shared space of student housing for one person household by analyzing their satisfaction and preference. The data was collected through a questionnaire-survey from the students of the university in the city of Cheongju, Chungbuk. 191 samples were collected and analyzed by using SPSS-PC. The results are as follows: (1) this survey showed that most students are dissatisfied with private and shared spaces to narrow size, an unpleasant indoor environment, and incomplete facilities. (2) The most preferred housing type is an officetel in one room style because of its convenience. The majority of students preferred a bedroom, bathroom, kitchen and dining room in personal preferential order with a wide room, well-ventilated environment, and reasonable space zoning for planning the private space. Broad personal spaces with shared spaces such as a study room, cafeteria and health zone are in demand for unit planning. Therefore, to provide privacy for personal living and to develop community spirit, there needs to be a movement to better for community living by arranging optional shared spaces.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.142-153
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine environmental chemical exposure related to residential and personal lifestyle characteristics in the adult Korean population. The observations of this study can provide information useful for developing reduction approaches for exposure to chemicals among the general adult population. Methods: The second stage of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNHES) was conducted from 2012 to 2014, with 6,478 persons participating. Using the results of the survey, the relationship between exposure levels of heavy metals and organic chemicals and exposure factors, e.g. residential and personal lifestyle characteristics, were analyzed. Results: The exposure levels of VOCs and PAHs were significantly lower in participants living at a distance of more than 100 m from roads versus living closer to roads. Home ventilation lowered VOC and PAH exposure but did not lower chemical exposure from household products. Use of public transportation showed lower exposure to heavy metals, VOCs, and PAHs. Current smoker was significantly higher for levels of heavy metals, VOCs, and PAHs, and the exposure trend was similar for current drinkers. Physical activity was related with higher exposure to phthalates and environmental phenols. Conclusion: Our observations based on a nationally representative population for Korea show that exposure to chemicals varies by residential and personal lifestyle, and this should be considered for developing appropriate mitigation measures and policies. Given the health concerns surrounding environmental chemicals, it is necessary to develop comprehensive measures to reduce chemical exposure.

• Archives of design research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-62
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• 1989

The luxury is the expression of human being's ornament instinct. In this study, in order to grasp the moulding system of the Korean's personal ornaments, the process of luxury prohibition was reviewed to search for to which direction the ornaments developed in the frame of the prohibited style connected closely to the character of the personal ornaments. The proiod was fixed from the old society to the late Chosun dynasty era. The beginning of the luxury in Korea seems to be the start of the luxury burial at the time of funeral in the age of Koguryo., In the era of Koguryo, 10th year of King Dongmyung (B. C. 28), in the era of Baekje, 27th year of King Koi(260), the prohibition of dress regulation and the style of dress were conducted. The prohibition of personal ornaments in Silla was started from King Bup:Heung, and in the 9th year of King Heung-Duk, the prohibition was conducted in order to correct the luxury of the nobles and set up the social discipline. In the 11 th of King Il-Sung-Ni-Sa-Kum, the use of gold, silver and jade was prohibited in the civilian circles. The prohibition of Silla was succeeded to Koryo era, and in the 7th year of King Kwangjong(956), the system of Baekgwan Gongbok(uniform for government officials) was set up, and the system of Sasek Gongbok(four color official uniform) was set up in the 11 th year of the same King, and the prohibition of the personal ornaments such as crown and band is considred to have been conducted. The prohibition of gold and silver was conducted in the first year of King Sungjong(982), and in the 4th year of King Chungryul(l260), the order of wearing the dress and hat in accordance with the Yusan dynasty and the Mongolian customs were widely circulated in the royal court and vivilian circles. The strong influence of Mongolia made the taste of the traditional personal ornaments laste. The personal ornaments were used for the nobles until the age of the Unified Sillar but even the common people could use them in case they were rich, and such a circumstances made the use of foreign goods inflated. The prohibition of Koryo era was aimed at the prohibition of the foreign goods of luxury, and the classification of the social status.In the age of Chosun Dynasty, the production of gold and silver was feeble indeed but the oute reason of the prohibition was to eradicate the luxurious tendency, elevate the custom of eradicate the luxurious tendency, elevate the custom of thrift, and moreover, the gold, silver and jade were no the products of Korea and the prohibition was conducted but the true reason was afor the tribute tt China and the classification of status. The prohibition of Chosun dynasty was conducted first in the June of the 3rd year of King Taejo The major contents of prohibition was no use of gold, silver and jade, coral, agate, amber, etc. of th, wives of the Dang-Sang-Kwan (Court Nobleman) or their sons and daughters, and the same pheno menon was common even at the time of marriage. The people engaged in the secret trade there of wert beheaded. The personal ornaments in the prohibition were the pendent trinket, Binyo (crossbar) ceremonial ornamental hat, ring, earring, ornamental knife, hat string, hat ornament, belt, etc. Thl luxurious marriage expenses out of the luxury was severe, and lose of the marriageable age because 0 non-preparing the marriage goods was the national evil. The prohibition oC luxury was hard to bt kept to the nobles or rich people, the same as old days and present days. The prohibition of th{ luxury and personal ornaments of Korea had nothing to do with the commons, and it was limited tc the nobles and rich people. The prohibition was aimed to cultivating the custom of frugality by eradicating the luxurious atmosphere, but it was chiefly due to the tribute to the China and tht discrimination of the. status. We can say that the recent personal ornament was the flower of handi craft industry bloomed in the prohibition and regulation.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.68
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• pp.279-306
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• 2021

This paper intends to say that children's worship as a liturgy for children living in modern society is an important place to support children's personal development and experience of coziness necessary for their personal development. To this end, this thesis first regards modern society as an unstable society, analyzes fluid society and individualism as the causes, and deals with changes in educational style accordingly. In a fluid society, children are not provided with a solid form and lasting environment that supports personality development, and the education style changed under the influence of individualism and pluralism requires a heavy task of determining the direction of one's life and constantly making choices and decisions. Therefore, children need rules and forms that help them live together, and they need a space that can give them comfort that helps them develop their personality. As an argument for this, second, this paper deals with the concept and function of the liturgy in order to understand the worship of children as the liturgy. The third deals with the elements necessary for the development of children's personality that can be experienced in children's worship. First, it deals with the meaning of religious, aesthetic, and communal driving forces that children can experience in children's worship, focusing on Eberhard's research. In addition, it deals with the meaning of language and expression methods provided in children's worship, and finally, it says that children's worship can be a space where you can experience stability and coziness. Through this, it is emphasized that children's worship can play an important role in supporting the personal development of children living in modern times.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.63-76
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of 'affirmative language' experiment upon freshmen nursing students' negative affect, self-efficacy and stress coping style. Methods: A nonequivalent control quasi-experiment was conducted on the subjects of 55 freshmen nursing students for 26(experimental group) and 29(control group). Data were analyzed using x2-test and t-test for participants' homogeneity test and conducted content analysis of process diary record and personal impressions. Results: As for negative affect, in case of the experimental group, depression(t=-2.384, p=.022) and anxiety(t=-2.243, p=.025) were significantly low with no difference for the control group. As for self-efficacy, both experimental and control groups showed significance and as for stress coping style, the control group used sub-categorized strategies better than the experimental group. There were 4 topics and subsequent 15 topics derived from the content analysis. 'Affirmative language' experiment showed alleviation of depression and anxiety helpful for study participants in self-reporting measurement, and helpful for stress self-management competence. Conclusion: It is necessary to connect the curriculum operation with interest of competence and practice of students stress self-management through the participating experiment experience.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.9
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• pp.77-85
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine losely how the Rococo style, which reached its summit in the history of French furniture, was realized in its social background and mode of life. Based ion this examination , this study will explore desirable directions for developing our domestic furniture design. For this purpose , existing literature will be referred to and analyzed to arrange into a new system. Rococo furniture style was the product of joyous and aristocratic living . This was based upon the historical development of French interior design, established by the national mode of Versailles Palace. Hereafter, royal style came into fashion paralleled with the luxuries of the court. Pursuit of new , interesting or beyond-expectation fashions encouraged the creation of new and imaginative forms and designs . The elegnant taste of customers, the new techniques of furniture manufacturing , and the unique sales strategies of merchants were social phenomena which contributed to the development of Rococo furniture. Furthermore , Louis XV`s private and personal life led to society`s pursut of comfortable and convenient living . Under these circumstances, small and cozy rooms for various uses came into the interior. Accordingly, the scales of furniture became smaller and any types of furniture with their own uses and feminine nature were manufactured , especially by the bnistes. Rococo furniture with fmine beanty and refined line, beatifil proportion and elegant sculpture, and solidity and clarity in general , is not only furniture for the use of man, but also furniture in harmony with man. As we see the stages of development and the characteristics of Rococo furniture, development of Korean furniture is a common task which can be accomplished through the participation of the designer, manufacturer, seller and consumer. Based on this co-operation , the furniture industry must make an improvement in furmture design, lestablish a permanent store in which new works are displayed. publicize activities and sales, promote exhibitions and seminars, and encourage technical development through the government and other interested organizations.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.267-275
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate relations between middle school science teachers' perception of students' learning styles and their teaching style. Data were collected by in-depth individual interviews with 20 experienced science teachers (14 years of teaching experience in average). Results indicated four categories of the relations: i.e. teachers implemented their teaching style (1) matching students' learning styles, (2) supplementing students' insufficient learning styles, (3) teacher-centered, but matching the diverse students' learning styles, and (4) based on their values and convictions. In general, teaching styles of the teachers did not match with their perceptions of students' learning styles. Instead, their teaching styles seemed to be more affected by their personal values and convictions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.2 s.111
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• pp.29-44
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to classify male consumer groups according to the fashion lifestyle, to examine characteristics, needs and wants of each group, and to find out differences of cosmetics purchasing behavior among each group segment. After surveying 19-50 year old males by making a visit to college, company and home, 584 samples were analyzed by using SPSS(7.0) package program. Factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, crosstabs and $X^2-test$ were used to analyse collected data. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Twenty-two questionnaires using AIO fashion lifestyle variables produced seven factors; oriented fashion, flaunting brand preference, active preference, information intention, strong personality, reasonable economy and others directivity. Three groups based on oriented seven factors: personality, fashion and economy. 2. The Personality group had strong personal characters in their fashion. Men in this group prefer casual style and were represented by singles and professionals in their 30's. The fashion group pursued fashion trends, formal wears, and high-priced fashions. They were represented by singles with high-income managerial positions in their 19-29 age group. The economy group represented the largest sample in this study(54.5%). Men in this group tended to purchase fashion goods during of good fabrics at discount stores. This group represented married man with average incomes in their 40's. 3. Each of these three groups showed significant differences in cosmetics purchasing behavior. The personality group mainly purchased cosmetics on-line market because of price. The Internet tended to be their primary source of informations. They spent under 10,000won and pursued a simple and clear image. The fashion group purchased cosmetics at department stores to benefit from the knowledge of sales personal and their source of informations in the mass media. They spent over 70,000won monthly and pursued also a simple and clear image. The economy group purchased cosmetics at discount stores because of their wide assortment of products. They spent under 30,000won monthly and pursued a simple and clear image. Each of these groups currently consume different products and have a different concept of future cosmetic products.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.532-544
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept concerned with Earth's rotation as passed by tenth graders whose interest in earth's rotation and learning styles were varied. To examine student's interest in the Earth's rotation, 4students (visual-verbal learning style student with much interest, visual learning style student with much interest, visual learning style student with little interest, and verbal learning style student with little interest) were chosen for study. Personal interview was used for this study. To probe students' conception in varied ways, they were allowed to make gesture and draw pictures through data collection process, except for interviews. And the data were analyzed one by one. The result of this study were as follows: First, the student with much interest was faster to answer the questions about Earth's rotation than the one with little interest. Also he comprehended better and was able to explain reasons coherently. Second, there was little difference according to student's learning style. Third, one of the repeated misconception was direction. For thinking that is the right side is the east side, students have misconception that the sun goes from right to left and stars in north sky move clock-wise.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.306-319
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate high school students' learning style, perception of types of laboratory instruction, and the relationship between the learning style and preferred type of laboratory instruction. The participants of this study were 19 female high school students, from Incheon in Korea, who showed outstanding science grades. Dunn et al's revised Learning Styles Inventory (1997) was used for testing students' learning style. The students were asked to choose preferred and not preferred types of experiments and describe the reason of the choices after implementation of 4 types of experiments: verification, discovery, explorator, and investigation laboratory instructions. The findings of this study were as follows: Firstly, the students had a certain common learning style irrelevant to their personal characteristics, i. e; they showed high (self, teacher, parents) motivation and structure stimuli that was common in Korean students. Second, outstanding students prefer unstructured and open laboratory instructions. And those students were highly influenced by sociological and emotional stimuli. Third, students' learning style was related to their preferred type of laboratory instruction. Students preferring unstructured and open laboratory were influenced by sociological and emotional stimuli, while those preferring structured and closed laboratory were influenced by physiological stimuli.