• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.265-272
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• 2006

Dental plaque, a biofilm consisting of more than 500 different bacterial species, is an etiological agent of human periodontal disease, It is therefore important to characterize interactions among periodontopathic microorganisms in order to understand the microbial pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Previous data have suggested a synergistic effect of tow major periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia in the periodontal lesion. In the present study, to better understand interaction between P. gingivalis and T. forsythia, the coaggregation activity between these bacteria was characterized. The coaggregation activity was observed by a direct visual assay by mixing equal amount (1 ${\times}$ $10^9$)of T. forsythia and P. gingivaJis cells. It was found that the first aggregates began to appear after 5-10 min, and that the large aggregates completely settled within 1 h. Electron and epifluorescence microscopic studies confirmed cell-cell contact between two bacteria. The heat treatment of P. gingivalis completely blocked the activity, suggesting an involvement of a heat-labile component of P. gingivalis in the interaction. On the other hand, heat treatment of T. forsythia significantly increased the coaggregation activity; the aggregates began to appear immediately. The coaggregation activity was inhibited by addition of protease, however carbohydrates did not inhibit the activity, suggesting that coaggregation is a protein-protein interaction. The results of this study suggest that coaggregation between P. gingivalis and T. forsythia is a result of cell-cell physical contact, and that coaggregation is mediated by a heat-labile component of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia component that can be activated on heat treatment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.199.2-199.2
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• 1992

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.477-488
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• 2001

The present study evaluated of regeneration effect of platelet rich plasma on the treatment of grade II furcation involvement, with coralline calcium phosphate bone in humans. 30 teeth with grade II furcation defect were selected and 15 teeth(control) were treated with coralline calcium phosphate bone, the others(test) were treated with coralline calcium phosphate bone and platelet rich plasma. Pocket depth, clinical attachment level, width of keratinized gingiva width were measured at baseline, postoperative 3, 6months. from cementoenamel junction to alveolar crest and fundus were measured at baseline, 6months(re-entry). Both groups were statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon signed Ranks Test & Mann-whitney Test using SPSS program(5% significance level). The results were as follows: 1. Pocket depth, clinical attachment level, keratinized gingva width, cementoenamel junction - alveolar crest, cementoenamel junction - fundus were not differ significantly in both groups at baseline 2. The change of pocket depth, clinical attachment level, keratinized gingva width, cementoenamel junction - alveolar crest, cementoenamel junction - fundus in both groups were decreased significantly at 3, 6months(p<0.05). 3. The change of pocket depth, clinical attachment level in test group decreased significantly than control at 3, 6months(p<0.05). 4. The change of keratinized gingiva width, cementoenamel junctional - alveolar crest, cementoenamel junction - fundus were not differ significantly in both groups at 3, 6months. 5. The pocket depth, clinical attachment level, keratinized gingiva width exhibited marked changes at 3 months in both groups. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that platelet rich plasma have adjunctive clinical treatment effect to periodontal regeneration in grade II furcation defects.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.352-362
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• 2017

Purpose: Furcation involvement in the molars is difficult to treat, and has been recognized as a risk factor for tooth loss. Although periodontal regenerative therapies, including guided tissue regeneration and various types of bone grafts, have been applied to furcation defects, the effects of these treatments are limited, especially in large class III furcation defects. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of reciprocal autologous root transplantation on periodontal wound healing and regeneration in class III furcation defects in dogs. Methods: Furcation defects (7 mm wide and 6 mm high) were surgically created after root separation of the unilateral third and fourth premolars in 4 dogs. Eight furcation defects were randomized to receive either reciprocal autologous root transplantation (test) or no further treatment (control). In the test group, the mesial and distal roots were transplanted into the distal and mesial extraction sockets, respectively. The animals were sacrificed 10 weeks after surgery for histologic evaluation. Results: The healing pattern in the control group was characterized by extensive collapse of the flap and limited periodontal regeneration. New bone formation in the test group ($3.56{\pm}0.57mm$) was significantly greater than in the control group ($0.62{\pm}0.21mm$). Dense collagen fibers inserting into the residual cementum on the transplanted root surfaces were observed in the test group. Slight ankylosis was observed in 2 of the 4 specimens in the test group on the mesiodistal sides where the root-planed surfaces faced the existing bone. Root resorption (RR) was detected in both the control and test groups. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that reciprocal autologous root transplantation was effective for bone regeneration in class III furcation defects in dogs. However, further studies are required to standardize the approach in order to prevent unwanted RR prior to clinical application.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.515-529
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• 2006

Periodontal regeneration refers to the restoration of bone, cementum and periodontal ligament to their original levels before damage from periodontal disease process. Various surgical techniques to the promotion of periodontal regeneration have been used. Bone graft and guided tissue regeneration have used for the regeneration of furcation involvements which caused by periodontal disease. Fibrin adhesive is agents that have been shown to be effective in periodontal regeneration and biological carrier. Calcium sulfate which is one of the resorbable barrier materials has used for guided tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical effects between bone graft using fibrin adhesive and calcium sulfate barrier in the mandibular class II furcation involvement. For the study, twenty-six class II furcation involved teeth were surgically treated. 13 furcation defects(test group) were treated with bonegraft and fibrin adhesive and the others(control group) were treated with bone graft and calcium sulfate barrier. Pocket depth, clinical attachment level and gingival recession were measured at baseline, postoperative 3 and 6 months. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The change of pocket depth and clinical attachment level in both groups was decreased significantly at 3, 6 months than at baseline(p<0.05). 2. The change of gingival recession in both groups was increased significantly at 3, 6 months than at baseline(p<0.05). 3. The change of pocket depth and clinical attachment level in both groups was decreased at 3, 6 months, and the change of gingival recession in both groups was increased at 3, 6 months but there were no statistically or clinically significant differences with both groups. 4. The significant reduction of the pocket depth and clinical attachment level exhibited marked changes at 3 months in both groups. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that there are no statistically or clinically significant differences between fibrin adhesive and calcium sulfate barrier in the treatment of class II furcations using xenograft.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.481-485
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• 2009

Cemento-osseous dysplasias are a group of disorders known to originate from periodontal ligament tissues and involve, essentially, the same pathological process. They are usually classified, depending on their extent and radiographic appearances, into three main groups. Periapical cemental dysplasia predominantly involves the periapical region of the anterior mandible. Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia presents with multifocal lesions in the tooth bearing or edentulous areas of the maxilla and mandible, often occurring bilaterally with symmetric involvement. Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia exhibits a single site of involvement in any tooth bearing or edentulous area of the mandible or maxilla, with the posterior mandible representing the most common site. We report the clinical, radiographic and histological findings of 3 types of cemento-osseous dysplasia with a review of literatures.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2007

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency(LAD) is a rare autorecessive defect of phagocytic function resulting from a lack of leukocyte cell surface expression of ${\beta}_2$ integrin molecules(CD 18) that are essential for leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and chemotaxis. As a results, patients with LAD suffer from severe bacterial infections and impaired wound healing. A small number of patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency-1 have a milder defect, with residual expression of CD18. These patients tend to survive beyond infancy; they manifest progressive severe periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, periodontal pocket formation, and partial or total premature loss of the primary and permanent dentitions. In this report, we report on a 7 year old girl with severe oral involvement. The most import focus should be to control infections to reduce the risk for future infection.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.252-256
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this report was to describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of two rare cases of necrotizing stomatitis, and the outcomes of a non-invasive treatment protocol applied in both cases. Methods: We report two cases of necrotizing stomatitis in a rare location in the hard palate of a 40-year-old woman and a 28-year-old man. Neither had a relevant medical history and both presented with highly painful ulceration in the palate and gingival margin that was accompanied by suppuration and necrosis. 3% hydrogen peroxide was applied to the lesions using sterile swabs, and antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatment was prescribed to both patients in addition to two daily oral rinses of 0.2% chlorhexidine. Results: In both cases, radiological examination ruled out bone involvement, and exfoliative cytology revealed a large inflammatory component and the presence of forms compatible with fusobacteria and spirochetes. There was a rapid response to treatment and a major improvement was observed after 48 hours, with almost complete resolution of the ulcerated lesions and detachment of necrotic areas with partial decapitation of gingival papillae. Conclusions: Necrotizing periodontal lesions can hinder periodontal probing and the mechanical removal of plaque in some cases due to the extreme pain suffered by the patients. We present a non-invasive treatment approach that can manage these situations effectively.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.591-604
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• 1996

The present study evaluates the effects of dura mater barrier membranes In class III furcation defects on the regeneration of periodontal tissues in dogs. Experimental class III furcation defects were created surgically by removing alveolar bone horizontally down to 4mm from CEJ in mandibular premolars of adult dogs. Dura mater barrier membranes were applied bucco-lingually in the test group, and flap surgery only with no membranes in the control group. The healing was evaluated clinically and histologically after 8weeks. Clinically, the test group showed slight exposures of the membranes, while the control group showed no furcation exposure, The test specimens showed new bone formation coronal to the notch, while the control specimens had new bone formation up to the level of the notch. New cementum was observed in both groups. The test specimens showed functional arrangements of connective tissue fibers between new bone and new cenentum, while irregular arrangements were observed in the controls. No root resorption or ankylosis were observed in either groups,These results suggest that dura mater resorbable barrier membranes on class III furcation defects may be effective in regeneration of alveolar bone and peridontal ligament.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.803-814
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• 2000

Current acceptable methods of promoting periodontal regeneration are basis of removal of diseased soft tissue, root treatment, guided tissue regeneration, graft materials, biological mediators. Platelet Rich Plasma have been reported as a biological mediator which regulate activities of wound healing progress including cell proliferation, migration, and metabolism. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possibility of using the Platelet Rich Plasma as a regeneration promoting agent for furcation involvement defect. Five adult beagle dogs were used in this experiment. With intrasulcular and crestal incision, mucoperiosteal flap was elevated. Following decortication with 1/2 high speed round bur, degree II furcation defect was made on mandibular third(P3), forth(P4) and fifth(P5) premolar. 2 month later experimental group were PRP plus bovine bone and bovine bone only. After 4, 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed by perfusion technique. Tissue block was excised including the tooth and prepared for light microscope with Gomori's trichrome staining. At 4 weeks after surgery, there were rapid osteogenesis phenomenon on the defected area of the Platelet Rich Plasma plus bovine bone group and early trabeculation pattern was made with new osteoid tissue produced by activated osteoblast. Bone formation was almost completed to the fornix of furcation by 4 weeks after surgery. In conclusion, Platelet Rich Plasma can promote rapid osteogenesis during early stage of periodontal tissue regeneration.