• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.89-100
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• 2021

This study evaluated the degree of interaction between the people and the environment using perceived naturalness measure. The seventh-grade index of Hemeroby was divided into subclasses of land cover according to degrees of human influence. The grade was standardized for each indicator to evaluate the current state of urban parks in Seoul by applying probability density function and weight. User evaluation was conducted on six distinctive parks selected. In the results, three implications were found between spatial evaluation according to the perceived naturalness. First, park users evaluated highly for the spaces such as broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest and mixed forest evaluated highly in the Hemeroby grade index. Park users generally recognized that various types of trees in the area had high naturalness. The density of trees is one of the factors in perceived naturalness. Second, water spaces were highly evaluated for naturalness in the Hemeroby grade index. However, the perceived naturalness of water spaces such as inland wetlands, pond and reservoir evaluated in various ways depending on environmental conditions around the park. Third, perceived naturalness is easily evaluated through vertical landscape elements such as trees rather than horizontal landscapes such as grassland. The perceived naturalness is similar to the naturalness evaluation using land cover. However the study found the perceived naturalness for a specific space was different from the Hemeroby index. Perceived naturalness by the user includes the content that the individual sees, hears, and experiences. Park users are usually structuring naturalness through evaluating the value of urban green spaces based on personal perception. Therefore there is no absolute standard criterion for evaluating the naturalness of urban green spaces. A deeper study is needed that considers user bundles or user groups with conflicting interests on the perceived naturalness in urban parks. These studies will be essential data on the direction of naturalness urban park service should provide.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1303-1317
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• 2000

This study was conducted to identify a effect of the comprehensive self-regulation program for hypertensives as a nursing intervention on self-care performance and the physiologic parameters in rural areas. For this purpose, a nonequivalent control group and a pre and post-test quasi- experimental design was used. Fifty-four were evaluated subjects from two Community Health Practitioner Posts in the suburbs of Taejon City. The subjects of the control and experimental groups were matched for age and sex. The self-regulation program developed by author given to the experimental group. The program consisted of group education on hypertension and self-care, self-regulation including the blood pressure self-monitoring, recording of self-care activities, and encouraging and reinforcing self-efficacy. The whole program was carried out from September to November of 1999. The data were analyzed by repeated measure ANCOVA, t-test, and ANCOVA. The results were as follows ; There was significant improvement in the scores on knowledge (F=.68, P=.004), perceived self-efficacy (F=26.39, P=.000), self-care performance (F=26.11, P=.000) of the experimental group compared with those of the control group. There was no significant change on the score of locus of control, perceived benefits and perceived barrier, blood cholesterol level, body weight between two groups (P>.05). From these results, it can be concluded that the self-regulation program is an effective nursing strategy to promote self-care performance of hypertensives in rural area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.250-260
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• 2017

This study analyzed the impacts of programming characteristics perceived by the consumers of entertainment programs on general programming channels on watching intention and the data of a survey with 360 adult viewers in the capital area. Research questions were verified as follows: First, as a result of multiple regression to analyze the impacts of the factors of programming characteristics perceived by the consumers on their watching intention, setting personal characteristics as a control variable, programming characteristics as an independent variable and watching intention as a dependent variable, the regression model was significant. Thus, the more positive the perceived factors of programming characteristics, the more significant their watching intention improved. Second, the factors of programming characteristics significantly affecting watching intention had greater positive(+) impacts in the following order: Adjacency > substantiality > weight of genre > social evidence > relative advantage > ease of access.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.553-562
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine actual conditions of smoking and alcohol drinking behaviors among high school students, so that it could recognize possible harmful effects of smoking on oral health and could give positive motivations for students to quit smoking and drinking. Methods : This research was based on self-filling survey which 1,385 high school students in metropolitan area in Korea from September 5 to October 28, 2011. Surveyed data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test and logistic analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program and its signification level was 0.05. Results : 1. As for smoking rate and drinking rate, boy students accounted for 11.6% and 25.4%, thereby having been higher than girl students(p<.001). It was the highest in over 180 cm(16.0%, 35.0%, p<.001) for height, in 60-under 70 kg for weight(13.4%, 23.5%, p<.001), and in a case of profession for mother's job(13.8%, 28.4%, p<.005). 2. The perceived oral symptoms had relationship with the less than 10 cigarettes of smoke (OR=2.41; 95% CI:1.31-4.41), more than 11 cigarettes of smoke (OR=3.16; 95% CI:1.42-7.00) and more than 1 bottle of alcohol (OR=1.75; 95% CI:1.00-3.06). Conclusions : This result implies that adolescents' smoking and drinking have correlation with oral health status, which makes uncomfortable sense felt given chewing along with the pain in teeth and gum. Based on the above findings, a school or community needs to reinforce education for preventing smoking and drinking and to offer environment available for practicing anti-smoking and anti-drinking plan, in order to reduce adolescents' smoking and drinking.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was (1) to examine the impact of chronic diseases and emotional-behavioral problems on school-age children's self-perceived QOL, and (2) to investigate what factors were related to the QOL of children. Participants were 972 Korean 4th, 5th, & 6th grade students and 47 teachers. Children completed a questionnaire to evaluate their self-perceived well-being and subjective health. Also they reported their height/weight and physical health state indicating whether they have chronic diseases or not. Teachers reported each child's psychosocial health problems and also reported whether the child has chronic diseases or not. Major findings were as follows : 1. Physical and psychosocial health status had significant impact on school-age children's QOL. Moreover, physical and psychosocial health status were interrelated. 2. Presence of physical and psychosocial problems contributed to substantial declines in self-perceived QOL of school-age children. Children who have chronic diseases and emotional-behavioral problems reported significantly lower QOL compared with children in a normal state. 3. Peer relationship was found to be the significant factor that contribute to the QOL of all children.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.25-38
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• 1998

This research was carried out to investigate the health condition, eating behavior and nutritional status of female high school students. The survey was conducted from July 5 to July 18, 1996 with 524 first grade students(15 to 17 years old) of H girl's high school using the questionnaire method. The levels of depression and anxiety were measured by CED-S and Spielburger's STAI-S, respectively. In addition, nutrient intakes were estimated by Convenience Method. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The mean depression and anxiety scores of the subjects were 22.23 and 26.00, respectively. The proportion of subjects with normal weight(BM) was 72.1%. The perceived health condition of subjects was moderate and 15.1% of subjects were anemic. The subjectiv health symptoms were feeling drowsy, tired eyesight, getting tired easily, catching cold frequently and frequent headache. 2. The irregularity of breakfast was high in the subjects. The problems of the eating behavior were irregular meals, unbalanced diets, excessive meals, skipping meals and food prejudice. Forty-nine percent of subjects had good eating behaviors. 3. The mean energy intake of subjects was 1717Kcal. The proportion of energy derived from carbohydrates, proteins and fats were 62.70%, 13.89% and 23.42%, respectively. The subjects consumed 59.59g of protein, 13.07mg iron, 637.49mg calcium, 553.64 R.E. vitamin A, 0.94mg vitamin B1, 1.08mg vitamin B2, 15.15mg niacin and 49.59mg vitamin C, respectively. Except niacin, other nutrient intakes were less than the Korean recommended dietary allowances(RDA), especially, iron. 4. Mother's occupation, subject's pocket money and perceived health condition were negatively correlated with eating behavior, And the depression and anxiety of subjects showed wrong eating behaviors. The effects of socioeconomic variables, depression, anxiety and perceived health condition on the nutrient intake were different depending on the kind of nutrient. The nutrient intakes differed significantly among the group of different eating behavior. The eating behavior was significantly correlated with the nutrient intake.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.525-532
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• 2024

This study explores the impact of physical characteristics (e.g., shape, color, material, size, weight, technical features) of smart wristbands and smartwatches on consumers' perceived functional, aesthetic, and symbolic values using an extended technology acceptance model. An online survey was conducted with adult residents of the United States who had experience using smart wristbands or smartwatches. Participants were asked about various physical characteristics of products they had used in the past year or were currently using, and their evaluations of these characteristics. The results revealed that the shape of the front display shape significantly influenced symbolic value, with circle shape and square shpae showing significantly higher symbolic value than rectangle shape. Wristband materials also had a significant impact on symbolic value, with metal and leather showing higher symbolic value among various materials. Additionally, an increase in product size was associated with higher symbolic value. Moreover, certain technical features such as activity tracker, alarm clock, and distance tracking influenced perceived functional value, while functions like time display, GPS, and email influenced perceived aesthetic value. Pedometer, GPS, and email were found to enhance perceived symbolic value. These findings provide valuable insights into consumer preferences for smart wristbands and smartwatches, serving as valuable information for product improvement and new product development.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.288-299
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the weight fluctuations in college students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and identify lifestyle and dietary changes related to weight gain. Methods: An online survey was conducted on 270 college students from September 22 to October 26, 2021. A logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the relationship of weight gain with the general characteristics, lifestyle, and dietary changes of the students. Results: Among the respondents, 42.9% of men and 44.7% of women reported weight gain. The main reasons given for weight gain were reduced activities due to restrictions during lockdown and diet changes, mainly relating to delivered or fast foods. Among the general characteristics and lifestyle factors poor perceived health (odds ratio [OR], 3.97, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98-7.96) and being underweight (OR, 0.19, 95% CI, 0.05-0.83) were significantly associated with weight gain. With respect to the diet, increased frequency of eating breakfasts (OR, 4.44, 95% CI, 1.76-11.21), decreased frequency of eating snacks (OR, 0.35, 95% CI, 0.16-0.77), decreased frequency of fruit intake (OR, 3.0, 95% CI, 1.32-6.80), increased frequency of carbonated and sweetened beverage intake (OR, 2.74, 95% CI, 1.26-5.99) and increased frequency of fast food consumption (OR, 2.32, 95% CI, 1.14-4.70) were significantly associated with weight gain. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected weight gain and caused lifestyle and dietary changes. Specific health and nutrition management plans should be prepared for handling future epidemics of infectious diseases based on the results of surveys conducted on larger sample size.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.158-169
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• 2001

This study was undertaken to assess grade and gender differences in dietary behavior, food preference and perception about body image of students in 4, 5 and 6th grades in elementary school in Kwangju. Anthropometric data showed that mean height and weight were $137.98{\pm}6.79cm\;32.69{\pm}6.09kg$, in the 4th grade, $144.11{\pm}6.91cm,\;36.88{\pm}7.60kg$ in the 5th grade and $151.52{\pm}7.47cm,\;42.68{\pm}8.06kg$ in the 6th grade. Height and weight of male and female students of each grade were very similar to those of the Korean standard Growth data. Females in the 5th and 6th grades were taller than those in male students, which suggested the height growth spurt in females. Furthermore, both genders showed marked variability even in the same group. All the three different obesity indices(BMI, Rohrer and % of ideal body weight) showed higher value in males than in females consistently. Male respondents desired taller and heavier body shape while females perceived they were heavy and desired only taller and thinner body image. There were significant differences in satisfaction with height, weight and body image by grade(p<0.05). 36.7% of subjects responded that they did not eat despite hunger. In higher grade they felt guilty after eating sweet things. Strikingly, it was noted a small number of students tried to take a diet pills or vomited on purpose. Data on food preference showed that female did not like sweet food and pork. While male students preferred red meat and chicken. Thus result indicated that there was a great difference in food preference by gender.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.570-582
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between eating disorders, depression, and body dissatisfaction of middle aged women. Data was collected from June 1 to June 30, 1999 by means of a structured questionnaire. The subjects for this study were 99 middle aged women between the ages of 35 and 59, recruited from Seoul, Kyungido. The instruments were the BDI(Beck Depression Inventory) developed by Beck(1973), Eating Disorder Inventory(1997) developed by Garner & Garfinkel, Halm, Falk& Schwartz, Shin Mi Young. The instruments were the Body Dissatisfaction(1997) developed by Garner, Olstead & Polivy, Han osoo, yoo hee jung, shin Mi Young. The data was analyzed by the SPSS/PC program using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of this study are as follows 1. The mean body weight and height of the subjects were 57.49kg, 158.62cm. 2. Depending upon BMI, the obesity subjects were 18.2% and the rest(81.8%) were under weight or normal. More than 70% of the normal weight subjects(71 subjects) perceived their weight as overweight. 3. The total mean scores of anorexia nervosa were higher than bulimia nervosa. The total mean scores of eating disorders was 2.13. 4. The total mean scores of depression was 1.50. 5. The total mean scores of body dissatisfaction was 3.30. 6. There was a positive correlation between depression and eating disorders(r=.267, p<0.01)and, between body dissatisfaction and eating disorders(r=.273, p<0.01).There was not a significant correlation between depression and body dissatisfaction. According to the present study eating disorders in middle aged women developed because of the tendency to have negative perceptions of their bodies.