• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate smoking relapse and the related factors within 1 year after discharge from the smoking cessation clinics (SCCs) of public health centers (PHCs). Methods: Data were collected with a structured questionnaire from 395 people who success fully stopped smoking at 4 SCCs in Busan between May and June 2009, and this data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The rate of smoking relapse within 1 year after discharge from SCCs was 39.2% and this decreased rapidly over 6 months after discharge. The factors related to smoking relapse within 1 year after discharge from SCCs were being female (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.82), a trial of smoking cessation with any assistants (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.19 to 3.19), more than 7 ppm of exhaled CO2 on the SCCs' registration (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.64), use of pharmacotherapy after discharge from SCCs (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.93), alcohol drinking more than once a week after discharge from SCCs (HR, 3.32; 95% CI, 2.15 to 6.78), and a perceived barrier (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.30) after discharge from the SCCs. Conclusions: According to the results, at least 6 months follow-up after discharge from SCCs of public health centers is recommended to reduce the rate smoking relapse. It is also recommended to strengthen the education on how to overcome barriers such as drinking in the course of smoking cessation clinics.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2011

Objectives: We examined health care disparities in Korean urban homeless people and individual characteristics associated with the utilization of health care. Methods: We selected a sample of 203 homeless individuals at streets, shelters, and drop-in centers in Seoul and Daejeon by a quota sampling method. We surveyed demographic information, information related to using health care, and health status with a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to identify factors associated with using health care and to reveal health care disparities within the Korean urban homeless population. Results: Among 203 respondents, 89 reported that they had visited health care providers at least once in the past 6 months. Twenty persons (22.5%) in the group that used health care (n = 89) reported feeling discriminated against. After adjustment for age, sex, marital status, educational level, monthly income, perceived health status, Beck Depression Inventory score, homeless period, and other covariates, three factors were significantly associated with medical utilization: female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR, 15.95; 95% CI, 3.97 to 64.04], having three or more diseases (aOR, 24.58; 95% CI, 4.23 to 142.78), and non-street residency (aOR, 11.39; 95% CI, 3.58 to 36.24). Conclusions: Health care disparities in Seoul and Daejeon homeless exist in terms of the main place to stay, physical illnesses, and gender. Under the current homeless support system in South Korea, street homeless have poorer accessibility to health care versus non-street homeless. To provide equitable medical aid for homeless people, strategies to overcome barriers against health care for the street homeless are needed.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2017

This study examined the perception and readiness of nursing educators regarding interprofessional education (IPE), and discussed the validity and application of IPE in nursing. From December 2016 to January 2017, 239 nursing professors and nurses completed a structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale, the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Survey (RIPLS), and an IPE action plan. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test using the IBM SPSS ver. 23.0 program (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The analysis revealed that 91.6% of the participants had not experienced IPE, and only 11.7% knew about IPE. However, approximately 80.0% answered that IPE is necessary. The results of this study showed that the score of the perceived need for cooperation was higher in nurses than it was in professors, while the score on competency and autonomy was higher in professors than it was in nurses. With reference to the scores on the RIPLS, those of professors were high on the sub-scales of teamwork and collaboration, professional identity, and roles and responsibility. The results revealed that participants considered the upper-grade undergraduate years as the ideal time for imparting IPE, and it was deemed suitable to include communication, simulation, and clinical practice in IPE. Doctors, pharmacists, and physiotherapists were thought to require cooperation for IPE the most. Despite the presence of several barriers to IPE, the participants thought that IPE can achieve learning outcomes such as interprofessional communication and cooperation, conflict resolution, and teamwork. It is necessary to cooperate with professionals in the complex clinical environment as professional areas are specialized and subdivided. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the application of IPE in undergraduate education and in on-the-job training.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.227-240
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• 2016

연구 부정행위는 체육학 연구에서 지속돼야 할 연구주제이지만 연구 부정행위의 복잡한 매커니즘과 연구 진실성을 확보하기 위한 방안에 관한 연구는 미진한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 체육학에서의 연구부정행위의 발생원인 및 해결방안을 학계 구성원의 관점에서 살펴보는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해서 근거이론 방법의 적용을 통해 13명의 학자 및 대학원생들에 집단인터뷰(focus group interview), 개인인터뷰(follow-up one-on-one interview), 서술적 설문조사(qualitative questionnaire)를 통하여 수집하였다. 연구결과 연구부정행위는 사회구조적(socio-political), 사회문화적(socio-cultural), 개인적(personal) 맥락에서 발생하는 것으로 인식되었으며, 해결 방안은 첫째, 위로부터의 변화(Top-down approach), 둘째, 아래로부터의 변화(Bottom-up approach), 셋째, 지속적인 교육 및 점검(Continuous education)의 변화가 제시되었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 제시된 경험적 지식이 체육학을 연구하는 개인 연구자의 연구윤리 의식 제고에 활용되고, 대학의 교육 및 학계 차원의 향후 노력들에 기초자료로 사용되어지기를 기대한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.298-303
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• 2023

Purpose: This qualitative study utilizing phenomenological methodology aimed to depict parental measles mumps rubella (MMR) vaccine acceptance through the work experiences of health personnel. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two public health workers working as vaccination providers in the three southern border provinces of Thailand were recruited. In-depth, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Four main themes emerged: (1) religious beliefs, (2) personal disagreements, (3) fear and mistrust regarding potential vaccine side effects, and (4) misperceptions about the potential severity of measles. Four subthemes were identified: (1) haram (prohibited), (2) the will of Allah, (3) spousal disagreement, and (4) disagreement from a religious leader. The results of this study indicated that perceived religious prohibition was the most important reason for refusing to vaccinate among Muslim parents. Vaccine-hesitant parents were concerned that the vaccine might contain gelatin derived from pig products. Also, halal certification of the vaccine was required from Muslim parents to ensure that vaccine has been approved for Muslims. Meanwhile, a lack of knowledge and positive attitudes concerning immunizations of vaccine-hesitant parents were also found as predominant reasons for incomplete childhood immunizations in the deep south of Thailand. Conclusion: Health education and engagement by religious leaders to endorse the vaccination and bridge the gap between religious beliefs and vaccine acceptance is needed to overcome this issue. This study findings could be effectively applied to improve vaccination uptake in a Muslim majority context.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.80-99
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• 1996

Young black men(YBM) have the most severs levels of high blood pressure(HBP) and, in all reports but one, the lowest of HBP control of any age /sex /race group. To increase entry into care, remaining in care, and BP control for young(18-49 years) Black men, It is needed to review socio-demographic, medical characteristics, and behaviors(importance of and difficulty with HBP control behaviors, or worry about mdication) for experimental intervention study(educational- behavior strategies) of hypertensive urban young black men. The 204 participants had an average age of 38.8+7.0 years and an average educational level of $11.0{\pm}2.4$ years; only 23.1% were employed full- or part-time while 26% were on disability ; and 6% were married. Only 35.3% had an MD for HBP care and 37.3% had some form of health insurance. The average BP of those men currently being in care on medication(35.3%) was $148.2/95.1{\pm}19.5/11.3$ compared to those men not taking HBP care $153.7/99.1{\pm}14.0/9.8(p<.05)$. The average creatinine level was 1.3(excluding 3 marked elevations of 15.9, 9.6, and 7.7) for the 163 men consenting to have their blood drawn. Self-reported co-morbidity induded heart disease 7.8%, diabetes 8.9%, high cholesterol 18.2%, CVA 3.4%, alcohol and drug related problems 27.9% and 22.5% respectively. The kidney disease of those men currently being in care & on medication was 9.7 compared to those men not taking HBP care 0.8(p<.05). The problems of with sex life, physicl activity and dearly thinking of those men currently being in care & on medication was higher compared to those men not taking HBP care(p<.05). Questions of 'during the past month, on how many days did you have 5 or more drinks (bottles) of any alcoholic beverag?' and smoking of those men currently being in care & on medication was 18.1% and 72.2% compared to those men not taking HBP care 27.3 and 82.6%, respectively. HBP control behaviors was assessed with 1-5 point Likert subscales(5=extreme, 1-none at all), In general, th men reportd low levels of perceived psychological barrier to HBP care and control behaviors; importance of and difficulty with HBP control behaviors, or worry about mdication. For example, on a five point scale(1=none at all, 5=extreme), average ratings for perceived important and difficulty with BP care and behaviors were 2.8(SD=1.2) and 2.5(SD=1.1). Average ratings for perceived benefit with BP care and behaviors worry about medication of those men currently being in care on medication was 4.0(SD=0.9) and 2.2(SD=1.1) compared to those men not taking HBP care 3.6(SD=0.8), 2.8 (SD=1.6) respectively(p<.05). These data support the need for educational-behavioral strategies of community health nurse to improve high blood pressure control in this high risk group through perceived barriers to treatment, health care skills and use of resources, and social support.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.245-276
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• 2008

본 연구는 상표자산의 구성요소에 대한 선행요인을 분석하고 이를 토대로 하여 상표자산 구성요소와 상표자산 영향요인간의 관계 그리고 상표자산 구성요소와 구매의도간의 관계를 규명하고 한국과 영국을 중심으로 비교하여 상표자산관리 방안을 도출해보고자 하였다. 연구결과, 정보탐색은 제품지식에 정(+)의 영향을 미치며, 상표태도와 상표지식은 상표 충성도와 상표 가치에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 상표충성도와 상표가치는 구매의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 정보원천의 경우, 한국에서는 제품지식에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있는 반면, 영국에서는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.147-160
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• 2013

목적: 최근 과거에 비해 A형 간염 발생률이 감소하고 있으나, 예방접종 도입 이전에 출생한 청소년들은 A형 간염의 대량발생 위험성이 있다. 본 연구는 A형 간염 예방접종을 시행하지 않은 청소년과 그 부모를 대상으로 A형 간염 예방접종에 대한 지식과 건강신념을 조사하였다. 방법: 만 13-19세의 A형 간염 과거력이 없고 예방접종을 시행하지 않은 건강한 청소년들과 그들의 보호자들을 대상으로 건강신념모델에 근거한 구조화된 설문지를 통해 조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사는 대상자들의 일반적 특성과 A형 간염 및 A형 간염 예방접종에 대한 지식과 건강신념을 조사하였고, 건강신념은 민감성, 심각성, 유익성, 장애성의 4가지 항목으로 측정하였다. 결과: 총 314명(157쌍)의 청소년과 보호자들이 모집되었고, 청소년과 보호자의 평균 나이는 각각 $16.0{\pm}1.6$, $45.6{\pm}4.7$세였다. 대상자의 A형 간염 및 예방접종에 대한 지식점수는 청소년, 보호자 각각 18점 만점에 평균 $6.4{\pm}3.7$점, $7.3{\pm}3.4$점이었으며, A형 간염과 예방접종에 관한 건강신념 세부항목들의 평균점수는 청소년과 보호자 각각 다음과 같았다. 민감성 점수(점수범위: 2-10점)는 $5.6{\pm}1.6$점과 $5.9{\pm}1.7$점; 심각성 점수(점수범위: 5-25점)는 $16.3{\pm}4.1$점과 $18.3{\pm}3.6$점; 유익성 점수(점수범위: 5-25점)는 $19.7{\pm}3.3$점과 $20.6{\pm}2.1$점; 장애성 점수(점수범위: 17-85점)는 $41.3{\pm}8.9$점과 $39.0{\pm}9.1$점이었다. A형 간염 예방접종을 시행하지 않은 가장 주된 원인은 청소년과 보호자 모두 'A형 간염 예방접종을 해야한다는 것을 알지 못했다'를 가장 많이 선택하였다. 결론: 청소년층의 A형 간염 대유행의 위험을 낮추고 접종률을 높이는 방안으로서 보호자가 함께 참여하는 반복적인 학교 보건교육이 필요하며, A형 간염 예방접종의 국가필수예방접종 도입도 고려되어야 하겠다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2015

본 연구는 치위생과 학생을 대상으로 B형간염에 대한 건강신념의 차이를 파악하고 HBV 예방접종에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명함으로써 B형간염 예방에 대한 보건교육의 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 경상도 지역에 소재한 3개 대학에서 재학 중인 임상현장 실습을 앞 둔 2 3학년 281명을 대상으로 2013년 4월 22일부터 5월 3일까지 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하여 수집한 자료를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 일반적 특성 및 B형간염 관련특성에 따른 예방접종 상태를 알아본 결과 학년에 따라 예방접종주사를 맞은 경우는 3학년 129명(71.3%), 2학년 45명(45.0%)으로 3학년의 예방접종률이 높게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.001). 과거 B형간염에 대한 교육경험에 따라 예방접종주사를 맞은 경우는 경험이 있는 경우 87명(71.3%), 경험이 없는 경우 87명(54.7%)으로 교육경험이 있는 경우 예방접종률이 높게 나타났다(p=0.017). 학년에 따른 B형간염에 걸릴 가능성이 있다고 믿는 감수성은 3학년이 2.54로 높았고, B형간염에 관한 장애감은 2학년이 3.50으로 3학년 2.88 보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 건강신념 중 심각성과 예방접종 간에는 유의한 양의 상관이 있었고(r=0.179, p=0.003), 장애감과 예방접종 간에도 통계적으로 유의한 음의 상관이 있어(r=-0.183, p=0.002) B형간염에 대한 심각성을 많이 느낄수록 그리고 장애감을 적게 느낄수록 예방접종 이행이 많은 경향이 있었다. B형간염 예방접종에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과 학년에 따라서는 2학년이 3학년에 비해 예방접종 이행이 0.39배(95% CI=0.21, 0.71) 낮은 것으로 나타났다. B형간염에 대한 심각성이 1단위 높아질수록 예방접종 이행률은 1.80배(95% CI=1.29, 2.52) 증가하였으며 장애감은 1단위 높아질수록 0.61배(95% CI=0.41, 0.90) 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 따라서 치위생과 학생들이 의무적으로 B형간염 예방접종을 실천하기 위해서는 1학년 때부터 교육할 수 있는 교육과정 안에 프로그램 개발이 시급하다 할 수 있으며 구체적인 교육이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 일회성 교육이 아닌 지속적인 교육으로 학년별로 매회 교육해야 할 것이며, 정확하고 철저한 교육이 되어 의무적인 B형간염 예방접종이 이루어 질 수 있도록 구체적인 방안이 모색되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.51-83
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• 2013

Personal creativity is critically important for organizations seeking to survive and thrive in today's highly turbulent business environments. Organizations must effectively identify and mobilize the creative resources of their members. When organizational members perceive a work environment that restricts or fails to encourage individual creative expression, a gap may exist between the level of individual creative potential and the actual amount of individual creativity practiced within the organization. In this situation, this paper will examine the impact of role conflict, role ambiguity, creative self-efficacy, and personal initiative on personal creativity. Creative self-efficacy is the subjective belief in one's personal ability to be creative, that is, a personal assessment of one's own creative potential. A strong internal belief in one's ability to successfully engage in creative behaviors is generally considered an important part of the creative process. Personal Initiative refers to behaviors, mainly directed toward work and organizational issues, that are characterized by the following aspects: self-starting, proactive, and persistent in overcoming barriers. Creativity-related creative self-efficacy and personal initiative are critical components to understand motivation that coordinates the relationship between perception and behavior of individual employees. Based on role theory, researchers have focused on role conflict and role ambiguity as the two key ingredients of role stress. Role ambiguity is defined as an evaluation about the lack of salient information needed to perform a role effectively. Role conflict results from two or more sets of incompatible demands involving work-related issues. Employees are usually pursued work-roles more than one in work-focused organization. Too many work-roles and perceived uncertainties at employee's work can be obstacles to personal creativity. In an analysis of results, while role conflict is not negatively related significantly to creative self-efficacy, role ambiguity is negatively related significantly to creative self-efficacy. While role conflict is significantly related to personal creativity, role ambiguity is negatively related significantly to personal creativity. Creative self-efficacy mediates the relationship among role conflict, role ambiguity, and employee creativity. Personal initiative mediates the relationship between creative self-efficacy and employee creativity. This paper shows that creative self-efficacy and personal initiative are the driving force behind personal creativity. Organizations can get some implications of creative-related role conflict and role ambiguity that employees have experienced. As a result, organizations must not only encourage creativity of employees by greater involvement but also encourage their input towards their-focused own works and tasks. And employees should be developed to pace with the organizational needs and development. Management must enable employees to think of new ideas and practices that promotes personal creativity.