• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2009

The flash point and the AIT(auto-ignition temperature) are the most important combustible properties used to determine the potential for the fire and explosion hazards of flammable material. In order to know the accuracy of data in MSDS(Material Safety Data Sheet), the flash point of n-acids were measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester(ASTM D93), Setaflash closed cup tester(ASTM D3278), Tag open cup tester(ASTM D1310) and Cleveland open cup tester(ASTM D92). Also, the AIT of n-acids were measured by using ASTM E659-78 tester. The measured the flash points and the AIT were compared with literatures and MSDS in KOSHA. The measured the flash points and the AIT were different from those in literatures and MSDS. Therefore, This paper shows that it is needed to investigate the MSDS compatibility of n-acids for the fire safety objectives.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2009

MSDS 자료의 적정성을 고찰하기 위해 크실렌 이성질체에 대해 Pensky-Martens 밀폐식(ASTM D93), Setaflash 밀폐식(ASTM D3278), Tag 개방식(ASTM D1310), Cleveland 개방식(ASTM D92) 장치 등을 이용하여 인화점을 측정하였으며, 또한 최소자연발화온도는 ASTM E659-78장치를 사용하여 측정하고, 문헌값들과 한국산업안전보건공단의 MSDS 자료와 비교하였다. 그 결과, 측정된 인화점과 최소자연발화온도는 이들과 차이를 나타내어 안전의 목적을 위해 연소특성치 고찰이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2002

The Flash Point is one of the most important combustible properties used to determine the potential for fire and explosion hazards of chemical materials. An accurate knowledge of the flash point is important in developing appropriate preventive and control measures in industrial fire protection. The lower flash points for the Water + n-Propanol systems were measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester. The experimental data were compared with the values calculated by the laws of Raoult and van laar equation. The calculated values based on the van Laar equation were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2003

The lower flash points for the binary system, n-butanol+n-decane, were measured by Pensky-Martens closed cup tester. The experimental results showed the minimum in the flash point versus composition curve. The experimental data were compared with the values calculated by the reduced model under an ideal solution assumption and the flash point-prediction models based on the Van Laar and Wilson equations. The predictive curve based upon the reduced model deviated form the experimental data for this system. The experimental results were in good agreement with the predictive curves, which use the Van Laar and Wilson equations to estimate activity coefficients. However, the predictive curve of the flash point prediction model based on the Willson equation described the experimentally-derived data more effectively than that of the flash point prediction model based on the Van Laar equation.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2007

The knowledge of the flash point of the various liquid substances is required because of process safety and control in industrial fire protection. The epoxy resin is one of versatile resins that has wide selection of using curing agents and additives to achieve various applications such as coatings, adhesives, interior materials, reinforced plastics and electrical insulation. In this study, the lower flash points for p-xylene+epoxy resin, o-xylene+epoxy resin and n-butanol+epoxy resin systems were measured by using Pensky-Martens closed cup tester. The lower flash points for p-xylene+epoxy resin, o-xylene+epoxy resin and n-butanol+epoxy resin systems rapidly increased 80wt%, 90wt% and 95wt% of epoxy resin concentration, respectively. This results serve as a guide to estimate flash point of any epoxy resin solution.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.6-10
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• 2010

The flash point of liquid solution is one of the most important flammability properties that used in hazard and risk assessments. Minimum flash point behaviour (MFPB) is showed when the flash point of a liquid mixture is below the flash points of the individual components. In this paper, the lower flash points for the flammable binary system, n-decane+n-octanol, were measured by Pensky-Martens closed cup tester. This binary mixture exhibited MFPB. The measured flash points were compared with the values calculated by the Raoult's law and the optimization method using van Laar and UNIQUAC equations. The optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law, and successfully estimated MFPB. The opimization method based on the van Laar equation described the experimentally-derived data more effectively than was the case when the prediction model was based upon the UNIQUAC.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.12-16
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• 2008

Lower flash points for the binary systems, carbon tetrachloride+o-xylene and water+n-butanol were measured by Pensky-Martens closed cup tester. The Raoult's law and optimization method using van Laar equation were used to predict the lower flash points and were compared with experimental data. The calculated values based on the optimization method were found to be better than those based on the Raoult's law.

• 에너지공학
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2019

본 연구에는 유화제, 살충제, 첨가제, 고무 가황 촉진제, 부식 억제제제 및 염료 생산의 원재료 등으로 다양하게 사용되고 있는 디노말부틸아민(di-n-buthylamine)을 선정하여 연소특성치를 측정하였다. 디노말부틸아민의 인화점은 밀폐식 Setaflash와 Pensky-Martens 그리고 개방식 Tag, Cleveland 장치로 측정하였고, 연소점은 개방식 장치를 이용하였다. 최소자연발화온도(AIT)는 ASTM 659E를 사용하였다. 그리고 디노말부틸아민의 폭발한계는 측정된 인화점을 이용하여 예측하였다. Setaflash와 Pensky-Martens에 의한 인화점은 38 ℃와 43 ℃로 측정되었고, Tag와 Cleveland는 각각 48로 동일하게 측정되었다. 디노말부틸아민의 AIT는 247 ℃로 측정되었다. Setaflash에서 측정된 인화점에 의한 폭발하한계는 0.69 vol%, 상한계는 7.7 vol%로 계산되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 인화점 측정과 폭발한계의 예측 방법은 다른 가연성액체의 화재 및 폭발특성 연구에 활용이 가능하다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2017

The flash point, explosion limits, autoignition temperature(AIT) are important combustible properties which need special concern in the chemical safety process that handle hazardous substances. For the evaluation of the flammable properties of n-butylacetate, this study was investigated the explosion limits of n-butylacetate in the reference data. The flash points, fire points and AIT by the ignition delay time of n-butylacetate were experimented. The lower flash points of n-butylacetate by using the Setaflash and Pensky-Martens closed-cup testers were $24^{\circ}C$ and $26^{\circ}C$, respectively. The flash points of n-butylacetate using the Tag and Cleveland open cup testers are measured $31^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$, respectively. And the fire points of n-butylacetate by the Tag and Cleveland open cup testers were measured $32^{\circ}C$ and $41^{\circ}C$. The AIT of n-butylacetate measured by the ASTM 659E tester was measured as $411^{\circ}C$. The lower explosion limit of lower flash point $24^{\circ}C$, which was measured by the Setaflash tester, was calculated to be 1.40 vol%. Also, the upper explosion limit of upper flash point $67^{\circ}C$ the Setaflash tester was calculated to be 12.5 vol%.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2015

아크릴릭산 연소특성치의 신뢰도를 살펴보기 위해, 폭발한계에 대해서는 문헌을 통해 고찰하였고, 인화점과 발화지연시간에 의한 발화온도를 측정하였다. 그 결과, Setaflash와 Pensky-Martens 밀폐식 장치에 의한 아크릴릭산의 하부인화점은 $48^{\circ}C$와 $51^{\circ}C$로 측정되었으며, Tag와 Cleveland 개방식에서는 $56^{\circ}C$로 측정되었다. ASTM E659 장치를 사용하여 자연발화온도와 발화지연시간을 측정하였고, 아크릴릭산의 최소자연발화온도는 $417^{\circ}C$로 측정되었다. 측정된 하부인화점과 상부인화점에 의한 폭발하한계는 2.2 Vol%, 상한계는 7.9 Vol%로 계산되었다.