• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2015

Recently, exhaust gas regulation has been gradually strengthened due to depletion of fossil fuels and environmental problem like a global warming. Due to this global problem, the demand for eco-friendly vehicle development is rapidly increasing. A clean diesel vehicle is considered as a realistic alternative. The common-rail fuel injection system, which is the key technology of the clean diesel vehicle, has adopted injection strategies such as high pressure injection, multiple injection for better atomization of the fuel. In addition, the emission regulations in the future is expected to be more stringent, which a conventional engine is difficult to deal with. One of the way for actively proceeding is the study of alternative fuels. Among them, the bio-diesel has been attracted as an alternative of diesel. So, in this study, spray characteristics of bio-diesel was analyzed in the common-rail fuel injection system with three injectors driven by different operating mechanism.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.21-41
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to identify if psychological temptation, site quality and sense of community influence user's flow and addiction and if causalities among flow, addiction, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty are different between Korean and Japanese online games. To perform our research, we use MCSF(Multi-group Confirmatory Factor Analysis) and MSEM(Multi-group Structural Equation Model). The empirical results of SEM(Structural Equation Model) including high-order factor analysis indicate that all of paths in our model are the same for both countries. Therefore, site quality and sense of community have impacts on the flow, while on the other hand, psychological temptation has impacts on the addiction. Customer satisfaction and loyalty are positively related not with the addiction but with the flow. In addition, customer loyalty is significantly influenced by the flow and the customer satisfaction. In Conclusion, the empirical results of MSEM(Multi-group Structural Equation Model) indicate sense of community to flow, flow to loyalty and customer satisfaction to loyalty are different between Korea and Japan. This indicates that companies to penetrate into Japa online game industry should have a concern with Japanese Social and Cultural features and to develop strategies which correspond with Japanese culture.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.41-57
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• 2006

The purposes of this research are to identify causalities among flow and customer loyalty In Chinese online games, and to identify the factors by which flow are influenced. This research tests the model with Chinese on-line game users and compare this result with Korea and Japanese results which were conducted by Lee's research. These implications are thought to be helpful for Korean online game companies to understand the Chinese online game user and to develop the penetration strategies. The results indicated that significant Path coefficients to flow were the convenience of operator, the provision of information, the reality of design. The results indicated that significant path coefficients to customer loyalty were the involvement of virtual community and flow. The involvement of virtual community to flow was not significant but to customer loyalty was significant. The provision of information was negatively influenced on flow. The result of comparison indicated that the path coefficients were different among nations. Korea online game companies need to develop the indigenized online game and to Provide the information to their Chinese partner correctly and quickly.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

Purpose - This case study is dedicated to the study of the presence of KIA Motors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and its market and entry strategies for strategic globalization that allowed the company to establish itself within a conservative and clustered marketplace dominated by American and Japanese international brands. Research Design, data, and methodology - The main information for the case was gathered through an interview and questionnaire from the executives of the KIA Al Jabr, which got the exclusive dealership in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, secondary data were obtained from reliable and authoritative sources such as the Saudi government agency publications, newspapers, international business journals. Other related periodicals based on the results from previous and current studies on similar topics were critically reviewed as well. Results - The findings of this paper show the different business environments of the Saudi market and the importance of various points regarding the company's global entry strategy even if the host market culture is quite different in many ways from other international markets. Conclusions - This case can provide Korean companies interested in the Middle East with insight into market penetration and global strategy, and present various perspectives and implications for global market access as well.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.123-141
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• 2006

Mobile games have emerged as the most innovative entertainment technology, adding new revenue streams, taking advantage of the potential of wireless applications and service offerings. Mobile games, as well as PC games, Video games and online games, offer a unique value for users in providing an exciting digital experience in virtual worlds. The overall trend for mobile games is towards bigger, more colorful, more involving and exciting contents, which might build upon the developing capabilities of mobile phones and networks, in order to bring new styles, concepts and experiences of game play to the users. In this paper, we investigate the factors influencing the usage and acceptance of the mobile games, based on the extended version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Based on data collected from online survey, we show that perceived usefulness, ease of use are the major determinants for mobile game users to play games. Four factors, including ease of use, self-expressiveness, visibility, and innovativeness are empirically shown to determine the level of perceived usefulness; additionally, innovativeness and facilitating conditions are shown to directly affect ease of use. Based upon the statistical results, some useful guidelines for game development and market penetration strategies are also provided.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.303-316
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• 1994

Microbial digestion of feed in the rumen involves a sequential attack culminating in the formation of fermentation products and microbial cells that can be utilized by the host animal. Most feeds are protected by a cuticular layer which is in effect a microbial barrier that must be penetrated or circumvented for digestion to proceed. Microorganisms gain access to digestible inner plant tissues through damage to the cuticle, or via natural cell openings (e.g., stomata) and commence digestion from within the feed particles. Primary colonizing bacteria adhere to specific substrates, divide to form sister cells and the resultant microcolonies release soluble substrates which attract additional microorganisms to the digestion site. These newly attracted microorganisms associate with primary colonizers to form complex multi-species consortia. Within the consortia, microorganisms combine their metabolic activities to produce the diversity of enzymes required to digest complex substrates (e.g., cellulose, starch, protein) which comprise plant tissues. Feed characteristics that inhibit the microbial processes of penetration, colonization and consortia formation can have a profound effect on the rate and extent of feed digestion in the rumen. Strategies such as feed processing or plant breeding which are aimed at manipulating feed digestion must be based on an understanding of these basic microbial processes and their concerted roles in feed digestion in the rumen.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.412-420
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• 2017

This study present base data for development of vinegar-based source and marketing strategies for penetration of the global market for local source companies by comparing and analyzing the awareness and choice factors of vinegar-based sauces by foreign consumers. Preference (p<0.05), matching food (p<0.001), number of purchases (p<0.001), place of purchase (p<0.001), information source (p<0.001), importance of selective attributes (p<0.05), and most frequently purchased vinegar-based sauces (p<0.01) differed significantly according to nationality. There were also significant differences by nationality in purchase intention (p<0.05), packaging (p<0.001), and purchase considerations (p<0.001) of naturally fermented vinegar-based sauce. Developing of vinegar-based sauces and menus should be combined so that it suitable for the food culture of each country.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.337-350
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• 2016

Even though extensive researches have been performed for steam explosion due to their complex mechanisms and inherent uncertainties, establishment of severe accident management guidelines and strategies is one of state-of-the arts in nuclear industry. The goal of this research is primarily to examine effects of vessel failure modes and locations on nuclear facilities under typical steam explosion conditions. Both discrete and integrated models were employed from the viewpoint of structural integrity assessment of steel components and evaluation of the cracking and crushing in reinforced concrete structures. Thereafter, comparison of systematic analysis results was performed; despite the vessel failure modes were dominant, resulting maximum stresses at the all steel components were sufficiently lower than the corresponding yield strengths. Two failure criteria for the reinforced concrete structures such as the limiting failure ratio of concrete and the limiting strains for rebar and liner plate were satisfied under steam explosion conditions. Moreover, stresses of steel components and reinforced concrete structures were reduced with maximum difference of 12% when the integrated model was adopted comparing to those of discrete models.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.73-85
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• 2020

As an effort to achieve sustainable development and increase people's welfare, financial inclusion has become the policy agenda of many countries. Therefore, the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability in several countries in Asia has become the goal and this is the subject of this study. Financial inclusion is measured by 3 dimensions, namely banking penetration, access to banking services, and use of banking services. Poverty ratio below the national poverty line and the Gini coefficient are used as indicators of poverty and income inequality. Financial stability is measured by Bank Z-Score and bank nonperforming loans. The results from the hypothesis test shows that all dimensions of financial stability simultaneously have significant influence on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability. On the other hand, the partial impact of financial inclusion dimension on economic growth, poverty alleviation, income inequality, and financial stability in ten countries of Asia has not been optimal. The derived results of this study is required to be interpreted and considered by the Governments of each country in developing strategies for increasing financial inclusion, so that the policy to achieve sustainable development and enhancement of people's welfare can be achieved.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.1971-1979
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• 2010

As a result of increasing environmental concern, the penetration of renewable power on power systems is now increasing. Wind energy can be considered as the most economical energy sources to generate electricity without depletion of fossil fuel. To devise adequate control strategies for wind farm, time domain simulation analysis needs to be performed. This presents a continuation time integration (CTI)-based time domain simulation algorithm for wind farm with doubly fed asynchronous generator (DFAG) connected to the external power systems. This paper depicts how to time trajectories are traced using CTI-based time domain simulation. Also this paper describes the possibilities of hierachical control for wind farm output limitation, and the coordinated control has been designed by hierarchical control structured from central control level to wind farm control board and to an individual wind turbine level. Finally it shows an illustrative example of time domain simulation result with two test systems through case study.