• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.3057-3060
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• 2009

Ionic palladium(II) complex, [($Me_4en)Pd(L)]_2(ClO_4)_4\;(Me_4$en = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; L = bis-(4-(4-pyridylcarboxyl)phenyl)methane), allows to form a monodisperse submicrosphere without any template or additive. Surface-perchlorates on the submicrosphere have been exchanged by anionic pH indicators such as thymol blue, bromothymol blue, and bromocresol green. The ionic and amphiphilic properties of the palladium(II) complex appear to be primarily associated with the formation and easy surface-anion exchange of submicrosphere. The surface-anion exchange through the electrostatic interaction is a very good tool for the surface-modification. The color of the pH indicator-exchanged submicrospheres is very sensitive to pH and Hg$^{2+}$ cation, and thus they are promising to submicrospherical indicators.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2001

A solvent sublation has been studied for the determination of trace Au(III), Pt(IV) and Pd(II) in waste water with their complexes of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT). Experimental conditions such as the concentration of HCl, the amount of MBT as a ligand, the type and amount of surfactants, bubbling rate and time, and the type of organic solvent were optimized for the solvent sublation, i.e., 25.0 mL of 2.0 M HCl solution and 30mL of 0.4%(w/v) MBT ethanolic solution were added to a 1.0 L sample to form stable complexes. The addition of 4.0 mL of 1 ${\times}$$10^{-3}$ M CTAB (cetyltrimehtylammonium bromide) solution was needed for the effective flotation accomplished by bubbling nitrogen gas at the rate of 40.0 mL/min for 35 minutes. As a solvent, 20.0 mL of MIBK (methylisobuthylketone) was used to extract the floated complexes. The procedure was applied to three kinds of waste waters. Au(III) was determined as 0.68 ng/mL and 0.98 ng/mL respectively for final washed water of two plating industries in Banwol. Pd(II) and Pt(IV) were not detected in any of the three samples. The recovery, which was obtained with analyte-spiked samples, were 95-120%.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.649-655
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• 1996

유기 리간드 tetramethylenesulfoxide(TMSO)을 Pd(II)와 Pt(II)의 착물들에 대한 거동을 UV-vis 분광학적, 자기적, 그리고 전기화학적 방법에 의해 조사하였다. 이들 착물들의 스펙트라에서 두 개의 에너지 흡수 띠가 관찰되었다. 결정장 갈라짐 에너지와 스핀 짝지움 에너지 그리고 결합 세기는 착물들의 스펙트라로부터 얻었다. 착물들의 전자적 성질은 비편재화이고, 낮은 스핀 상태임을 알았다. 리간드와 금속들은 강한 결합세기 였다. 이들 착물들은 반자기성 이었다. 착물들의 산화${\cdot}$환원 반응과정은 비수용매 속에서 순환${\cdot}$전압 전류법에 의해 조사하였다. 착물들의 산화${\cdot}$환원 과정은 일전자 일단계 반응이었으며, 확산과 반응 지배적 이었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.694-700
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• 1992

Palladium 촉매에 의한 CO Insertion Heck reaction을 고분자 중합에 응용하여 가공성이 좋은 고강도 엔지니어링 플라스틱으로 응용 가능한 flexible spacer를 가진 aromatic polyamide와 Polyester를 합성할 수 있었다. 촉매로서 dichlorobis(triphenyl phosphine) palladium(II) $(PdCl_2(PPh_3)_2)$와 Palladium chloride($PdCl_2$)를 사용하였고, 이 중합 시스템은 똑같은 조건에서 polyamide와 polyester를 합성 할 수 있는 장점이 있으므로 그 중합체의 열적성질을 DSC, TGA 등으로 조사하였는데 곁사슬이 있지 않은 aromatic polyamide와 Polyester는 amide와 ester 결합의 차이에도 불구하고 전이온도등이 거의 같았다. Hexyl부터 hexadecyl까지 alkyl 곁사슬을 2,5 위치에 이중으로 가진 phenylene dibromide와 Phenylene diamine으로부터 중합체를 합성하였는데 치환기가 없는 경우에 비하여 전이온도가 감소하였고, alkyl side chain이 hexadecyl인 경우는 뚜렷한 융점을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.2303-2308
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• 2009

A thiocyanate poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane electrode based on [1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]dihalopalladium( II), [(dppe)$PdX_2$, X = Cl ($L^1$), X = I ($L^2$)] as active sensor has been developed. The diiodopalladium complex, [(dppe)$PdI_2](L^2$) displays an anti-Hofmeister selectivity sequence: $SCN^-\;>\;I^-\;>\;{ClO_4}^-\;>\;Sal^-\;>\;Br^-\;>\;{NO_2}^-\;>\;{HPO_4}^-\;>\;AcO^-\;>\;{NO_3}^-\;>\;{H_2PO_4}^-\;>\;{CO_3}^{2-}$. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian response (-59.8 mV/decade) over a wide linear concentration range of thiocyanate ($(1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-1}\;to\;5.0\;{\times}\;10^{-6}$ M), low detection limit ($(1.1\;{\times}\;10^{-6}$ M), fast response $(t_{90%}$ = 24 s), and applicability over a wide pH range (3.5∼11). Addition of anionic sites, potassium tetrakis[p-chlorophenyl] borate (KTpClPB) is shown to improve potentiometric anion selectivity, suggesting that the palladium complex may operate as a partially charged carrier-type ionophore within the polymer membrane phase. The reaction mechanism is discussed with respect to UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy. Application of the electrode to the potentiometric titration of thiocyanate ion with silver nitrate is reported.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.347-355
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• 2006

A study was conducted to predict the rumen microbial protein production based on urinary excretion of purine derivatives in buffaloes fed a diet of wheat straw and concentrate (40:60) at four fixed levels of feed intake. (95, 80, 60 and 40% of preliminary voluntary feed intake) following experimental protocol of IAEA (Phase I). The buffaloes were allocated according to a $4{\times}4$ latin square design. The urinary allantoin, uric acid, total PD excretion (mmol/d) in treatments L-95, L-80, L-60 and L-40 was 20.13, 16.00, 12.96 and 9.17; 1.88, 2.12, 2.11 and 2.15; 22.01, 18.12, 15.07 and 11.32, respectively and were significantly (p<0.05) different among treatments except for uric acid. The rate of PD excretion (mmol/d) was positively correlated with the digestible organic matter intake. Variations were observed in PD and creatinine concentration in spot samples collected at 6-hour interval. However, daily PD:Creatinine ratio (PDC index) appears to be a reasonably good predictor of microbial-N supply. The contribution of basal purine excretion to total excretion of purine derivatives (PD) was determined in pre-fasting period followed by a fasting period of 6 d (Phase II). Daily PD and creatinine excretion (mmol/kg $W^{0.75}$) during fasting averaged 0.117 and 0.456 respectively for buffaloes. The excretion rates of PD decreased significantly (p<0.01) during fasting compare to pre-fasting period, the urinary creatinine excretion remained almost similar. Except for creatinine, plasma concentration of target parameters significantly (p<0.01) declined during fasting. Likewise, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal clearance of allantoin and uric acid also decreased. Based on the PD excretion rates during fasting and at different levels of feed intake obtained in this study, a relationship between daily urinary PD excretion (Y-mmol) and microbial purine absorption (X-mmol) was developed for buffaloes as Y = 0.74X+0.117 kg $W^{0.75}$. The microbial N supply (g/kg DOMI) remained statistically similar irrespective of dietary treatment. The results showed that excretion of urinary purine derivatives is positively correlated with the levels of feed intake in Murrah buffaloes and thus, estimation of urinary purine derivatives and PDC index could be used to determine microbial nitrogen supply when there is large variation in level of feed intake.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.19-19
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• 2002

This study was to examine whether the in vitro differentiated neural cells derived from human embryonic stem (hES, MB03) cells can be survived and expressed tyrosin hydroxylase(TH) in grafted normal or PD rat brain. To differentiate in vitro into neural cells, embryoid bodies (EB: for 5 days, without mitogen) were formed from hES cells, neural progenitor cells(neurosphere, for 7-10 days, 20 ng/㎖ of bFGF added N2 medium) were produced from EB, and then finally neurospheres were differentiated into mature neuron cells in N2 medium(without bFGF) for 2 weeks. In normal rat brain, neural progenitor cells or mature neuron cells (1×10/sup 7/ cells/㎖) were grafted to the striatum of normal rats. After 2 weeks, when the survival of grafted hES cells was examined by immunohistochemical analysis, the neural progenitor cell group indicated higher BrdU, NeuN＋, MAP2＋ and GFAP＋ than mature neuron cell group in grafted sites of normal rats. This result demonstrated that the in vivo differentiation of grafted hES cells be increased simultaneously in both of neuronal and glial cell type. Also, neural progenitor cell grafted normal rats expressed more TH pattern than mature neuron cells. Based on this data, as a preliminary test, when the neural progenitor cells were grafted into the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned PD rats, we confirmed the cell survival (by double staining of Nissl and NeuN) and TH expression. This result suggested that in vitro differentiated neural progenitor cells derived from hES cells are more usable than mature neuron cells for the neural cell grafting in animal model and those grafted cells were survived and expressed TH in normal or PD rat brain.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.224-234
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• 2019

Purpose: Pompe disease (PD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase resulting from pathogenic GAA variants. This study describes the clinical features, genotypes, changes before and after enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), and long-term outcomes in patients with infantile-onset PD (IOPD) and late-onset PD (LOPD) at a tertiary medical center. Methods: The medical records of 5 Korean patients (2 male, 3 female patients) diagnosed with PD between 2002 and 2013 at Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, Republic of Korea were retrospectively reviewed for data, including clinical and genetic characteristics at diagnosis and clinical course after ERT. Results: Common initial symptoms included hypotonia, cyanosis, and tachycardia in patients with IOPD and limb girdle weakness in patients with LOPD. Electrocardiography at diagnosis revealed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in all patients with IOPD who showed a stable disease course during a median follow-up period of 10 years. Patients with LOPD showed improved hepatomegaly and liver transaminase level after ERT. Conclusion: As ERT is effective for treatment of PD, early identification of this disease is very important. Thus, patients with IOPD should be considered candidates for clinical trials of new drugs in the future.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.565-568
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• 1998

Novel mononuclear metal complexes with the formula $[M(Ph_2PC_6H_4NC_3H_6NC_6H_4PPh_2)]$ (M=Pd (1); M=Pt (2)) were obtained when N,N'-bis[2'-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]propane-1,3-diamine, I was mixed with cisdichlorobis(diethylsulfide)palladium and platinum in the presence of NEt3. Two mononuclear metal compounds with the fomula [M(Ph2PC6H4NH)(SEt2)Cl] (M=Pd (3); M=Pt (4)) were synthesized from $M(SEt_2)2Cl_2$ and N-(2'-diphenylphosphinophenyl)-4-amino-1,1,1,5,5, 5-hexafluoro-3-penten-2-one, II by the elimination reaction of hexafluoro pentenone. The X-ray single crystal structures of 1 and 4 are described. X-ray single crystal diffraction analyses reveal that compound 1 is a mononuclear palladium compound with P,N,N,P-coordination mode and 4 is a mononuclear platinum compound with P,N-coordination mode.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.2338-2340
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• 2009

Ionic palladium(II) complex containing a long aliphatic chain, [(tmeda)$PdL]_2(PF_6)_4$ (tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; L = decylmethylbis(m-pyridyl)silane) allowed to form a puckered submicrosphere morphology without any template or additive. The puckered spheres reversibly adsorb and desorb dioxane molecules. Coligand and cosolvent effects on the formation of submicrospherical morphology were observed.