• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.355-377
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze in depth the operation of the Public Lending Right(PLR) system that is implemented in 34 countries in the world in order to propose the ideal operation of PLR system. The PLR system is that authors receive payment because they lose the sales opportunities due to the loan of their books by libraries. Among 34 countries implementing the PLR system, 31 are European countries and 20 countries enforce the copyright law for the operation of the PLR system. Fund for the PLR is financed by the budget of the central government in 25 countries and payments are made on the basis of loans data in 20 countries. Writers, illustrators, translators are eligible to receive payments in many countries. 17 countries provide payments to the authors who have contributed to books lent out by libraries.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.136-145
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• 2008

Occasionally an owner of public construction work pays financial costs in addition to progress payments. However, the overall scale of financial costs are not known. This research examines, based on a case study, the financial cost incurred in public construction works and the following issues: the overall scale of financial costs, the impact on financial costs on the owner, and the impact of timing on the overall sum of the financial costs. Annually, more than 2.3 trillion KRW are paid as progress payments for public construction work; yet, there is no research data showing the scale of financial costs thus incurred. The purpose of this research is to illustrate the scale of financial costs incurred due to progress payments for public construction works, and to suggest alternatives that would improve relevant regulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.101-140
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• 2021

As the payment service sector actively embraces artificial intelligence technology, "Voice Payments" is becoming a trend in contactless payment services. Voice payment services can execute payments faster and more intuitively through "voice," the most natural means of communication for humans. In this study, we selected richness, intimacy, and autonomy as factors for building trust with artificial intelligence agents. We wanted to determine whether the trust will be formed if the factors were applied to the voice payment services. The experiment results showed that the higher the richness and autonomy of the voice payment interface and the lower the intimacy, the higher the trust. In addition, the two-way interaction effects of richness and autonomy were significant. We analyzed and synthesized the collected short-answer system to identify users' anxiety when using voice payment services and proposed speech interface design ideas to increase their trust in the voice payment.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.111-133
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• 2021

Purpose - Although remittance payment in international trade settlements has played a bigger role in recent years, scant research is being done. This study is to zero in on analyzing determinants of international trade payments focused on remittance by constructing a payment prediction model. Design/methodology - This study categorizes the types of trade payments into advance remittance, post remittance, linked remittance, letter of credit, and mixed payment, and analyzes these after constructing a logit model. For empirical analysis, 147 survey data were collected for export manufacturers in Korea, and binominal logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the type of payment method the exporter chooses for trade transactions. Findings - The likelihood of choosing advance remittance increased as the exporters had non-recovery experiences with payments, and decreased as the market power of importers increased. The possibility of post remittance increased when the export amount was large and the character of the buyer was reliable. In the case of linked remittance, it was highly likely to be selected when payment efficiency was important in trade settlement. In addition, when competition among companies in the global market is intense and market uncertainty is high, the possibility of using a letter of credit decreases. It was also found that the greater the export amount, the greater the possibility of choosing advance remittance, and even if the transaction period was longer, exporters using a letter of credit continued to use it. Originality/value - Despite the high proportion of remittances in international trade settlements, it has been hard to find studies that reflect the practical characteristics of remittances. This study classified the types of remittance into advance remittance, post remittance, and linked remittance, and built a trade payment prediction model by adding a letter of credit and mixed payment. In addition, the originality of this study is recognized in that a logistic model was constructed and meaningful results were derived.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.121-130
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• 2018

Game users purchase contents in order to enjoy games, which is the case as for minors. The most frequently used payment method for minors' purchasing game contents is many kinds of gift certificates. Other payment methods include adding the payment to their cellular phone bills and charging it to their parents' credit cards. Although such payment methods are easily used due to convenience, consequent disputes are also continuously increasing. Both users and game service providers suffer damage due to the disputes related to game payments by minors and, in some cases, such problem also becomes a social issue. The purpose of this study is to present data for the standardization of refund policy (system) for payments made by minors by investigating and analyzing the laws and institutions related to game payments by minors and examining relevant dispute cases, in order to prevent and solve such disputes efficiently.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.277-283
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to study the user experience that provides psychological stability when paying for mobile e-commerce pay one-touch. Through literature and case studies, e-commerce pay one-touch payments were identified, and user experiences were investigated through surveys and in-depth interviews. The survey based on Aaron Walter's model of user needs received a high average of functionality and usability for one-touch payments, but reliability and stability were somewhat low. Afterwards, four design improvement plans were presented to supplement psychological stability by analyzing in-depth interviews conducted based on the User's Eye View of User Experience Design model. This study is expected to be helpful in basic research on the payment experience where you can feel stable when taking one-touch payments.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.273-302
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• 2006

The introduction of cash payments for care is a distinct trend that characterizes changes in care policies since the 1990s. Recently, many developed countries have newly introduced or extended cash payments for care that allow care users to be able to plan themselves for their cares instead of receiving direct care services from the state. Cash payments for care can be said to be one of the alternative policies by which user choices are extended, and it becomes possible to establish demand-cantered care delivery systems more economically and effectively, hence addressing the issue of the financial limitations and rigid systems that are common in modern welfare states, which make it difficult to response to various needs. However, the design and administration of cash for care vary across different countries. Such variations of cash for care policies influence on the combination of consumerism (based on liberal market values intrinsic in the care market) and citizenship based on social solidarity. Those variations eventually produce impacts on the balance of responsibilities and the roles of families, the state and market regarding care in other words, balancing of welfare pluralism. This paper has attempted to find general meanings and particularity of cash for care polices in modem welfare states by means of looking at the characteristics of cash for care policies of four different countries (Netherlands, France, Germany and Italy) and their impacts on their care market. If the four countries are ranked by the degree that they emphasize citizenship in light with social rights, the Netherlands, France, Germany and Italy could be placed in due order. From an economic point of view and in terms of cost containment, those countries will be placed in an inverse order, It is apparent that in the course of planting cash for care policies in the existing social systems involving different socio-cultural conditions and labour markets, sometimes more emphasis is placed on the citizenship of care users, family carers and care providers than on cost containment issue, and sometimes vice versa. Behind this lies the process of different social valuation on what care is about; who can better deliver care; who should be responsible for care; how responsibilities should be shared and so on.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.185-196
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• 2015

Background: Issues concerning with the classification accuracy of Korean Outpatient Groups (KOPGs) have been raised by providers and researchers. The KOPG is an outpatient classification system used to measure casemix of outpatient visits and to adjust provider risk in charges by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service in managing insurance payments. The objective of this study were to refine KOPGs to improve the classification accuracy and to evaluate the refinement. Methods: We refined the rules used to classify visits with multiple procedures, newly defined chemotherapy drug groups, and modified the medical visit indicators through reviews of other classification systems, data analyses, and consultations with experts. We assessed the improvement by measuring % of variation in case charges reduced by KOPGs and the refined system, Enhanced KOPGs (EKOPGs). We used claims data submitted by providers to the HIRA during the year 2012 in both refinement and evaluation. Results: EKOPGs explicitly allowed additional payments for multiple procedures with exceptions of packaging of routine ancillary services and consolidation of related significant procedures, and discounts ranging from 30% to 70% were defined in additional payments. Thirteen chemotherapy drug KOPGs were added and medical visit indicators were streamlined to include codes for consultation fees for outpatient visits. The % of variance reduction achieved by EKOPGs was 48% for all patients whereas the figure was 40% for KOPGs, and the improvement was larger in data from tertiary and general hospitals than in data from clinics. Conclusion: A significant improvement in the performance of the KOPG was achieved by refining payments for visits with multiple procedures, defining groups for visits with chemotherapy, and revising medical visit indicators.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.287-297
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• 2021

The goal of this study is to investigate and provide information to the Fintech Industry on the main factors responsible for customer loyalty via the mediating effect of customer satisfaction. Secondly, providing traditional banking reasons for customer shifts from banking to Fintech, therefore these factors could be more focused. The consumer choices presented in this study can thus serve as a foundation for further research into post-adoption behaviors associated with Fintech for cross-border payments. This study examines consumer evaluations of how key attributes of fintech using mobile payment services affect their choice by using a conjoint analysis approach, which allows for the approximation of user preferences for specific features. In our study we have used SPSS 26 to test the reliability and mediation effect on the sample size of 348 people who regularly used Fintech for cross border payments. All the questionnaires were prepared if the customers were given fintech as an option instead of traditional banks to send their remittances abroad. The result shows that(Service Quality, Customer's trust and product quality) effecting customer satisfaction significantly would be very helpful for the current fintechs working for home remittances to improve these factors and would serve as a benchmark for the upcoming fintech startups and traditional banks to focus on these factors and catch up the fintech Industry. Finally, it is argued that, in order to be successful, focusing on service quality, customer trust, and product quality triggered customer loyalty for the Fintech in comparison to other traditional options for cross-border payments via the mediation effect of customer satisfaction.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2020

As an effective means of price discrimination, some suppliers offer trade credit to the distributors in order to stimulate the demand for the product they produce. The availability of the delay in payments from the supplier enables discount of the distributor's selling price from a wider range of the price option in anticipation of increased customer's demand. Since the distributor's lot-size is affected by the demand for the customer, the distributor's lot-size and the selling price determination problem is interdependent and must be solved at the same time. Also, in many common business transactions, the distributor pays the shipping cost for the order and hence, the distributor's ordering cost consists of a fixed ordering cost and the shipping cost that depend on the order quantity. In this regard, we deal with the joint lot-size and price determination problem when the supplier allows delay in payments for an order of a product. The positive effects of credit transactions can be integrated into the EOQ (economic order quantity) model through the consideration of retailing situations, where the customer's demand is a function of the distributor's selling price. It is also assumed that the distributor's order cost consists of a fixed ordering cost and the variable shipping cost. We formulate the distributor's mathematical model from which the solution algorithm is derived based on properties of an optimal solution. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the algorithm developed.