• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.95-118
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand the leisure activities and the level of stress of pre-service preschool teachers. For this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 557 pre-service preschool teachers in Pusan, Daegu, Gangwon province. The contents of survey were their demographical characteristics, the leisure activities, the level of stress. Analysis was done with SPSS statistics program. The conclusion of this study are as follows: First, the most of pre-service preschool teachers didn't enjoy leisure activities. Second, they experienced much stress in Academic Achievement. Third, most leisure activities have no relations with the level of stress except pre-service preschool teachers' sleeping pattern and perception about wealth.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.57-73
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• 2000

The Purpose of this study is to scrutinize the time structure and time use pattern of North Korean and to identify the differences of time use patterns between South and North Korean Societies. To carry out this Purpose in-depth interviews with ten people who escaped from North Korea after 1990 and empirical survey with 158 subjects were conducted. The findings are as follows. The characteristics of time life of North Korean are uniform time use pattern in tightly scheduled daily life and shortage of disposable time and constraint of free time due to job related labor, extra job activities including learning, meeting and evaluation, and labor mobilization. Women are faced with heavy burden of doing job and housework in the continuing patriarchal way of thinking and in the circumstances of poor housing environment. In North, Leisure time is constraint and leisure facilities are poor and the concept of leisure is totally different as that of South. North Korean think leisure as connecting with work and education and as public sphere, not private sphere. I this context leisure is considered as means for the strengthening of the communist society. Differences in the perception of time life through defectors are as follows. In South, there are plenty of leisure time and man can control his own time. Man spend his free time for various activities, especially for cultural activities such as sports, recreation, eating out with families and spend time till late in the outdoors. This study revealed differences in many aspects of time life between South and North Korean societies. These results will provide useful informations for the overcome of differences of cultural life of South and North Korean societies and accomplishment of the real integration of two societies.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 1985

There have been numerous studies in Korea and other countries of which the major hypotheses are identifying and dearibing the conditions under which the value of children has been formed. The present study proposes to view the formation of the value of children as a correlate of family's consumption-saving and work4eisure behavior pattern. The objectives of the proposed study are to identify the socio-economic and demographic factors determining the family's consumption-saving and work-leisure behavior pattern and to analyse the relationship between the value of children and this behavior pattern. The conceptual framwork of the analysis is that an individual family's socio-economic and demographic factors influence and shape the consumption-saving and work-leisure behaviors and these behaviors in turn influence and reflect the correlates and proximate determinants of the family'sfertility. In this paper, regression model is used to analyse the hypothesized relationship among the various variables. The regression methods used are first and second stage multiple regressions. In addition, MONOVA has been used to show the interactions. Data used are collected from the government publicactions. The major findings from this study are as follows: As the living Standard improves, n individual family's consumption of necessities and its working hours decline, while savings and leisure activities increase. The phenomena result in the fertility reduction as can be seen in the more developed conntries. Child-bearing and rearing activities are found to be the important component to determine the condumption-saving and work-leisure activies. The married women's labor participation, and the investment in education and health are also found to be the factors reducing fertility rate.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.39-52
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the workday leisure time of dual-income fathers and mothers with preschool children. Data were gathered from the Statistics Korea Life Time Surveys from 2004(y1) and 2019(y2) (n=2,697). Life time was composed of three types(inevitable time, compulsory time, and leisure time) and leisure time was categorized into 11 activities(voluntarism, participation, social relationships, religion, rituals, culture and tourism, sports, game and play, media, rest, and others) to investigate gender differences and time effects. The major results were as follows: First, both working fathers and mothers with preschool children spent less inevitable time, more compulsory time, and less leisure time, than other adult group. Second, fathers spent more time on 10 leisure activities except religion in y1, and on all activities than mothers in y2. In y2, less time on three activities(social relationships, rituals, and media) for both fathers and mothers, less time on religion for mothers only, more time on two activities(participation, game and play) for both groups were spent than y1. Third, in the regression analysis of fathers' and mothers' leisure time on three leisure activities(sports, game and play, and media) with a distinct pattern from leisure time for adult group between y1 and y2, socioeconomic variables and lifetime variables showed different effects by gender and waves. Based on the results, family policy and programs to improve the work-life balances of working fathers and mothers discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.319-338
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• 1997

This study examined the time allocation pattern of husbands and wives. This study investigated i)the pattern of time allocation in the light of the extent of time spent in housework child care and leisure among husbands and wives living in urban area ii) the differences in extent of time spent in such activities between wives and husbands and iii) the determinants of time spent in such activities. A system of time allocation equations based on household production theory and several hypotheses explaining the distribution of domestic work among couples were employed. According to the results the pattern of time allocation was different between wives and husbands. Regardless of women's employment status wives were more likely to have dual responsibilities than were husbands. The time equation employed in this study had more explanatory power in the pattern of time allocation of wives than of husbands and of employed wives than of non-employed wives. The sex-role ideology hypothesis was supported for non-employed wives but not for employed wives. The time availability hypothesis was supported for the time allocation of employed wives and husbands. The economic efficiency hypothesis was supported for employed wives' time allocation.

• 한국정책학회보
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.277-300
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• 2012

This paper empirically analyses patterns of time allocation of the elderly, examining economic participation and volunteer work or social activities under the assumption that such activities have positive effects not only on the individuals and on the local communities but also on the society as a whole. As the result of descriptive analysis on the Korean Time Use Survey 1999, 2004 and 2009, the adults aged 60 to 64 years decrease time for paid work rapidly while increase time for passive leisure comparably slowly. In terms of time for active leisure, they devote less time to volunteer work and social activities, however, more time to self-centered activities such as education, cultural events, sport and fitness, and religious work. The overall pattern of decrease in time on economic or social participation for the elderly appeared be more significant in the birth cohorts of the early 1940s than those born in the late 1930s. The analysis implies that it is necessary for the government to encourage them to participate in community activities, either economic or social, with necessary policy responses. The result of the Tobit analysis on the dependent variables of each type of the 6 leisure activities demonstrated the self-centered active leisure time has increased over the last decaseds, whose pattern appeared to be more strengthened when the proportion of the elderly with higher education has increased.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.39-48
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• 2007

Leisure is a very essential factor to reduce our stresses in our daily life. As work pattern is changed to a five-day week, personal desire that wants to enjoy leisure has been getting increased. In such a context, game has been put down a root as a new leisure activity to undergraduate students. Desire for game to undergraduate students has been getting more various than it was in the past and they seek for something new. But game companies do not reflect the students' desires greatly more than expected and make only what the companies seek for. In this study, we have focused on the assessment about what types and patterns the students represent for game application during their leisure activities. And we propose marketing strategies based on our study results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.826-835
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• 2009

This study is to examine the relation between leisure constraints and participation by leisure type of security agents. By using purposive sampling method, this study collected 387 questionnaires in 14 private security service registered in 2009 at the Seoul National Police Agency. Cronbach's $\alpha$ .673. The conclusion are as follow. First, leisure constraints difference in socio-demographic characteristics such as sex, age, education level, income, position, job pattern. Second, in case of hobby and cultural activities, higher time constraints showed lesser frequency of participation, higher structural constraints showed lesser period of participation, higher personal constraints showed lesser intensity of participation. On the other hand, high time constraitns had high intensity of participation. In case of play and entertainment activities, even with high self-conscious constraints, it showed increased frequency and period of participation and high personal constraints showed increased period of participation but in contrast, higher structural constraints showed decreased frequency of participation and period. In case of viewing and appreciative activities, even with high interpersonal constraints, frequency and period of participation increased and higher time constraints also had increased period of participation. On the other hand, higher structural constraints showed decrease in frequency of participation and period.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.601-608
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• 2021

This study was conducted using data from the 2019 National Statistical Office's Life Time Survey, It was to investigate the effect of time-perception on the time-use pattern of 594 single middle-aged women in the city. This study found that there were differences of time management for daily behaviors between the insufficiently-percieved group and the sufficiently-percieved group. The both spent the most time with personal management. Secondly, the sufficiently-perceived group spent the more time with leisure activities than the insufficiently one did; the insufficiently-perceived one did the more work than the sufficiently-perceived one. The founding suggested the difference of time-use pattern by time-perception of the middle-aged women in the city. Also, the leisure activities and work were key factors to understand the daily life of the city-living middle-aged women.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.127-138
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• 2019

As health and well-being become a global trend, the younger generation is focusing on the balance between work and leisure time and they are interested in sports activities as well as a cultural life. In addition, the range of sportswear is expanding, so that athleisure fashion is getting into daily lives. In particular, consumer groups in the sportswear market are beginning to change since generation Z consumers are more and more interested in sportswear and their needs are also growing of health and functional of sports wear. It's a global trend that athleisure fashion market is growing, which combines professional athletic wear with fashion. As the number of women who enjoy sports and leisure in their spare time, the consumer pattern in the sports wear market is also expanding to female customers. However, most sports functional wears were focused on male consumers, so that functional inner-wears are mostly made for both sexes, which mean the functional inner-wears are produced without considering the physical characteristics of men and women and with not enough size division ending up not suitable for professional athletes. In particular, female professional athletes need functional inner-wear that fits the characteristics of the sport because they are not only different in physical condition and they are also using different muscles for different movements. Therefore, functional inner-wear needs pattern development and size system setting considering the body shape and athletic movement of female professional athlete.